1、Designation: D3774 96 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forWidth of Textile Fabric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i
2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the width offa
3、brics, pile or napped surface width, or both. The method isapplicable to full rolls, bolts of fabric, and short specimensremoved from a roll or bolt. Unless otherwise specified,measurements shall include the selvages when present.1.2 The method offers two options:1.2.1 Option AFull Roll or Bolt.1.2.
4、2 Option BShort Specimen Removed from Full Rollor Bolt.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or U.S. customaryunits are to be regarded as standard. The U.S. customary unitsmay be approximate.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
5、It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testi
6、ng Textiles2.2 Other Standard:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4Inspection by Attributes33. Terminology3.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: width,of a fabric; width, of a raised-surface fabric; width, of a fabricwoven on a shuttleless loom.3.2 For definitions of all other textile terms see Terminology
7、D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The width of the fabric is measured directly by using ametal rule.4.2 Option A offers two procedures for the measurement offabric width, or pile width or napped surface width, or both, infull rolls or bolts. The first procedure is essentially a tension-free method,
8、the second procedure provides for measurementsmade during finishing or inspection operations that may imparttension to the fabric.4.3 Option B covers the measurement of fabric width, pilesurface width or napped surface width, or both, when only ashort length of fabric is available for testing. This
9、procedure isapplicable when a small swatch of fabric is sent to thelaboratory to be used as the test specimen.5. Significance and Use5.1 Option A procedures of Test Method D3774 for widthare considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commer-cial shipments because they are used extensively in
10、the trade.5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences inreported test values when using Test Method D3774 foracceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser andthe supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine ifthere is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Compe
11、tentstatistical assistance is recommended for the investigation ofbias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of testspecimens which are as homogeneous as possible and whichare from a lot of material of the type in question. The testspecimens should then be randomly assigned in equal num
12、bersto each laboratory for testing. The average results from the twolaboratories should be compared using Students t-test forunpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by thetwo parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either itscause must be found and corrected or the purc
13、haser and thesupplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light ofthe known bias.1This test method are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric TestMethods, Specific.Current edition approved July 1, 2016
14、. Published July 2016. Replaces Sections13 to 17 of Methods D1910 89, Test for Construction Characteristics of WovenFabrics. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asD377496(2012). DOI: 10.1520/D3774-96R16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.
15、org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org
16、.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Apparatus6.1 Measuring device, metre (yard) stick or steel tapehaving 1-mm (116-in.) graduations and a length that is greaterthan the width of fabric to be measured.7. Sampling7.1 As
17、 a lot sample for acceptance testing, take at randomthe number of rolls of fabric as directed in an applicablematerial specification or other agreement between the pur-chaser and the supplier.7.2 For Option A, consider rolls of fabric to be the primarysampling units. Consider the rolls of fabric in
18、the lot sample asthe laboratory sample and the points at which measurementsare made within the rolls as test specimens.7.3 For Option B, cut a full width swatch at least2m(2yd)long from each lot sampling unit as a laboratory sampling unit,taking care that the weave is not distorted within the swatch
19、es.Consider the points at which the measurements are madewithin the swatch as test specimens. This option is not suitablefor acceptance testing because the results are applicable to thatswatch only.8. Conditioning8.1 Condition the specimens as directed in Practice D1776.8.2 When full rolls or bolts
20、of fabric cannot be properlyconditioned in a reasonable time with available facilities,perform the tests without conditioning and report the actualconditions prevailing at the time of the test. Such results maynot correspond with the results obtained after testing condi-tioned specimens in the stand
21、ard atmosphere for testing tex-tiles.9. Procedure9.1 Make all measurements, when possible, in the standardatmosphere for testing textiles, which is 21 6 1C(706 2 F)and 65 6 2 % relative humidity.9.2 Option AFull Roll or Bolt:9.2.1 Free of TensionLay the fabric on a smooth horizon-tal surface without
22、 tension in any direction. Measure the widthas defined in D123 to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.), perpendicularto the selvages using the measuring device or steel tape. Takethe measurement in at least five widely spaced places along thelength of the roll or bolt. Make no measurement within1m(1yd) of the
23、 ends of the roll or bolt. When specified, measure-ments of width of pile or napped surfaces may be made at thesame time. Calculate and record the average of all measure-ments to the nearest 1 mm (116) in. Record the minimum andmaximum values for each roll and for the lot.9.2.2 Running Under Tension
24、When agreed upon by allparties concerned, take five measurements of width to thenearest 1 mm (116 in.) at any convenient time during thefinishing or inspection operations using the measuring device.Make no measurement within1m(1yd)oftheends of the rollor bolt. When specified, measurements of width o
25、f pile ornapped surfaces may be made at the same time. Calculate andrecord the average of all measurements to the nearest 1 mm(116) in. Record the minimum and maximum values for eachroll and for the lot.9.3 Option BLaboratory Sample Removed From Full Rollor Bolt:9.3.1 Lay the fabric on a smooth hori
26、zontal surface withouttension in any direction and free of wrinkles or distortion.Measure the width of the fabric as defined in 3.1 at three ormore points separated by at least 0.3 m (1 ft) along the lengthof the fabric. Do not make measurements closer than 150 mm(6 in.) to the cut ends. Calculate t
27、he average of all measure-ments on the specimen to the nearest 1 mm (116 in.). Record theaverage measurement, the maximum measurement, and theminimum measurement.10. Report10.1 State that the specimen was tested as directed in TestMethod D3774. Describe the material or product sampled andthe source
28、of each specimen.10.2 Report the following information:10.2.1 Option used and if tension was used in Option A.10.2.2 Number of observations.10.2.3 Average width as defined in Section 3, in millimetres(inches) or as specified between purchaser and seller.10.2.4 Minimum and maximum measured width for
29、eachsampling unit and the lot.10.2.5 Atmospheric conditions under which the tests wereconducted and whether the specimens were conditioned asdirected in Practice D1776.11. Precision and Bias11.1 SummaryIn comparing the average of fiveobservations, the difference should not exceed 1.5 mm in 95out of
30、100 cases when all of the observations were taken by thesame well-trained operator using the same piece of apparatusand specimens randomly drawn from the same sample ofmaterial. Larger differences are likely under all other circum-stances.11.2 Interlaboratory Test Data:411.2.1 An interlaboratory tes
31、t was run in 1980 in whichrandomly drawn samples of four materials were tested in eachof four laboratories. Two operators in each laboratory eachtested two specimens of each material. The first fabric was a65 % polyester and 35 % cotton plisse-type basket weave. Thesecond fabric was a 65 % polyester
32、 and 35 % cotton ginghamcheck. The third fabric was an 88 % cotton and 12 % polyestercorduroy. The fourth fabric was a 100 % cotton denim. Thecomponent of variance for fabric width expressed as standarddeviations were calculated to be as follows:Single-Oper-ator Compo-nent, mmWithin-LaboratoryCompon
33、ent, mmBetween-LaboratoryComponent, mmMaterial 1 0.764 0.000 0.722Material 2 1.181 0.000 0.000Material 3 0.500 0.500 2.776Material 4 1.443 0.000 3.1164Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D13-1068.D3774 96 (2016)211.2.
34、2 Since differences of 2 mm (113 in.) in fabric width arenot of practical importance, it was agreed to pool the estimatesof the single-operator and within-laboratory components for allmaterials and to assume two classes of materials for purposesof the between-laboratory component. No rule for classi
35、fyingthe materials with respect to the between-laboratory compo-nent is known. The pooled estimates are as follows:Single-Operator Component 1.038 mmWithin-Laboratory Component 0.250 mmBetween-Laboratory ComponentClass 1Class 20.510 mm2.951 mmNOTE 1The square roots of the components of variance are
36、beingreported to express the variability in the appropriate unit of measure ratherthan as the squares of those units of measure.11.3 Critical DifferencesFor the components of variancereport in 9.2.1, two averages of observed values should beconsidered significantly different at the 95 % probability
37、levelif the difference equals or exceeds the following criticaldifferences:Number ofObservationsin eachAverageCritical Differences for the Conditions NotedSingle-Op-erator Pre-cision, mmWithin-LaboratoryPrecision, mmBetween-LaboratoryPrecision, mmClass 1 Class 21 2.9 3.0 3.3 8.75 1.3 1.4 2.0 8.310 0
38、.9 1.1 1.8 8.3The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.NOTE 2The tabulated values of the critical differences should beconsidered to be a general statement, particularly with respect to between-laboratory precision. Before a meaningful sta
39、tement can be made abouttwo specific laboratories, the amount of statistical bias, if any, betweenthem must be established, with each comparison being based on recentdata obtained on specimens taken from a lot of material of the type beingevaluated so as to be as nearly homogeneous as possible and t
40、henrandomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.11.4 BiasThe procedure in Option A of Test MethodD3774 for measuring the width of fabric free of tension has noknown bias and is used as a referee method.12. Keywords12.1 woven fabric; widthASTM International takes no position respect
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43、nal Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
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