1、Designation: D 4389 04Standard Specification forFinished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4389; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numb
2、er in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics wovenfrom “E” electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that areintended primarily as a
3、reinforcing material in laminatedplastics for structural use.1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions,general requirements, and physical requirements for wovenroving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the appli-cation of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving du
4、ringmanufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used aspermitted in this specification, such materials are compatiblewith the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.NOTE 1Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, areremoved by various cleaning procedures as a first s
5、tage in preparing afinished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during acleaning procedure, they need not be compatible with the subsequent resinmatrix.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded as standard. The values stated in each systemmay not
6、 be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall beused independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.NOTE 2This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute forthe following Military Specifications:MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Co
7、rd, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-GlassMIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin LaminatesMIL-C-19663C Cloth, Glass, Woven Roving for Plastic Laminates2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD 578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD 1776 Practice for Conditi
8、oning Textiles for TestingD 2408 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven GlassFabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Amino-SilaneType Finishes for Plastic LaminatesD 2409 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven GlassFabric, Cleaned andAfter-Finished with Vinyl-Silane TypeFinishes for Plastic Lamina
9、tesD 2410 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven GlassFabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Chrome Com-plexes, for Plastic LaminatesD 2660 Test Method for Finish Content of Woven GlassFabric, Cleaned and After-Finished with Acrylic-SilaneType Finishes, for Plastic LaminatesD 3098 Test Method for
10、Finish Content of Woven GlassFabric, Cleaned and After Finished with EpoxyFunc-tional Silane-Type Finishes for Plastic LaminatesD 3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven FabricD 3774 Test Methods for Width of Woven FabricD 3775 Test Method for Fabric Count of Woven FabricD 3776 Test Methods for Mass p
11、er Unit Area (Weight) ofWoven FabricD 4029 Specification for Finished Woven Glass FabricsD 4963 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Strands andFabricsD 7018 Terminology Relating to Glass Fiber and Its Prod-ucts2.2 ANSI Standard:ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection byAttributes33. Ter
12、minology3.1 For all terminology under the jurisdiction of Subcom-mittee D13.18 (continuous filament yarn, roving), refer toTerminology D 7018.3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in thisspecification, refer to Terminology D 123.CLASSIFICATION4. Classification4.1 Designation of Woven Rovin
13、g Fabric The basic des-ignations for glass woven roving fabric is by mass per unit areaand is given in grams per square metre (ounces per squareyard). Historically, anASTM type number has been used by the1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 onTextiles and is the direct
14、 responsibility of Subcommittee D13.18 on Glass Fiber andIts Products.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 4389 99.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
15、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D
16、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.industry. These numbers have been sequentially assigned asnew woven roving constructions as they were added to thisspecification. Numbers, 1 through 10, are shown in Table 1with the relationship to mass per unit area and fabric count
17、.REQUIREMENTS5. Material5.1 The roving shall be continuous filament fiber, free ofany free alkali, such as sodium or potassium metal salts andforeign particles, dirt, and other impurities. It shall be an E typeglass as defined in Specification D 578.5.1.1 The fabric shall be uniformly woven, have un
18、iformcolor, overall cleanness, and no objectionable odor.6. Fabric Count6.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the averagefabric count shall conform to the requirements of Table 1. Forwoven roving fabrics not listed in Table 1, the average fabriccount shall be agreed upon between the purcha
19、ser and thesupplier.7. Yarn Designations7.1 For woven roving fabrics, the roving designations shallbe as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. Therequirements of the individual elements of the designation arespecified in Sections 8-10.8. Yarn Number8.1 For woven roving fabrics listed i
20、n Table 1, the averagesize-free yarn numbers of the yarns designated shall conform tothe requirements of Table 1. For woven roving fabrics notlisted in Table 1, the average size-free yarn numbers shall beagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.9. Filament Diameter9.1 The range of values f
21、or the filament diameters are listedin Table 2. The average filament diameter for the rovings in thewoven roving fabric shall be within the interval listed in Table2.10. Strand Construction10.1 The construction of the component strands shall beagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.11. W
22、eave Type11.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the weavetype shall be plain weave. For woven roving fabrics not listedin Table 1, the weave type shall be agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier.12. Mass per Unit Area12.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1, the averagemas
23、s per unit area shall conform to the requirements of Table1. For woven roving fabrics not listed in Table 1, the averagemass per unit area shall be agreed upon between the purchaserand the supplier. The average mass per unit area for the lot shallbe within the interval: specified mass per unit area
24、6 10 % ofthe specified mass per unit area.13. Width13.1 Fabric width shall be agreed upon between the pur-chaser and the supplier. The fabric width, including bothselvages but excluding any feathered edges, shall not be lessthan the specified width and no more than 13 mm (0.5 in.)wider than the spec
25、ified width.NOTE 3During the processing of glass fabrics, the selvages may beslit to minimize tension influences. This slit distance is excluded whenmeasuring the fabric width unless otherwise agreed upon between thepurchaser and the supplier.14. Length14.1 For woven roving fabrics listed in Table 1
26、, the fabriclength on each roll shall not be less than2m(2yd)below theTABLE 1 Physical Properties of Generally Available “E” Glass Finished Woven Roving FabricsASTMTypeWeaveNominalMass PerUnit AreaRovingCount25.4 mm(1 in.) minConstructionANominal Roving Length Per Unit MassStandard RollLengthTex yd/
27、lbg/m2oz/yd2Warp Fill Warp Fill Warp Fill m yd1 Plain 441 13.0 10 4 840 to 755 1065 to 925 590 to 655 465 to 535 91.5 1002 Plain 542 16.0 10 4 840 to 755 1680 to 1505 590 to 655 295 to 330 91.5 1003 Plain 831 24.5 5 4 2360 to 2065 2680 to 2255 210 to 240 185 to 220 68.5 754 Plain 831 24.5 5 3 2360 t
28、o 2065 3545 to 3105 210 to 240 140 to 160 68.5 755 Plain 915 27.0 5 2.5 2360 to 2065 4960 to 4725 210 to 240 100 to 105 59.5 656 Plain 610 18.0 7 6 1210 to 1835 1340 to 1155 410 to 270 370 to 430 68.5 757 Plain 745 22.0 5 4 2360 to 2065 2155 to 1910 210 to 240 230 to 260 68.5 758 Plain 610 18.0 4 4
29、2360 to 2065 1655 to 1505 210 to 240 300 to 330 68.5 759 Plain 559 16.5 5 4 1710 to 1525 1710 to 1525 290 to 325 290 to 325 91.5 10010 Plain 711 21.0 4 4 2420 to 2155 2420 to 2155 205 to 230 205 to 230 82.5 90AIn some cases, the fill yarn may be woven as 2 picks per shed and as 1 fill yarn. The basi
30、c roving length per unit area used to produce the above fill yarns shouldbe doubled.TABLE 2 Letter Designation for Average Fiber Diameter Range ofGlass Roving Used in Woven Roving FabricsLetterDesignationSI UnitsDiameter in MicrometresUS Customary UnitsDiameter in InchesAt Least Below At Least Below
31、G 8.9 10.2 0.00035 0.00040H 10.2 11.4 0.00040 0.00045J 11.4 12.7 0.00045 0.00050K 12.7 14.0 0.00050 0.00055L 14.0 15.2 0.00055 0.00060M 15.2 16.5 0.00060 0.00065N 16.5 17.8 0.00065 0.00070P 17.8 19.0 0.00070 0.00075D4389042requirements listed in Table 1 unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the purcha
32、ser and the supplier. For woven rovingfabrics not listed in Table 1, the fabric length on each roll shallbe agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.14.2 No piece of woven roving fabric shall be less than 14m (15 yd) long and there shall be no more than two pieces ina roll, unless otherwis
33、e agreed upon between the purchaser andthe supplier.14.3 None of the sample rolls shall contain more than theallowable pieces, and the combined length of all of the samplerolls shall not be less than the combined lengths given on theidentification labels of the sample rolls.15. Ignition Loss15.1 The
34、 organic content of woven roving fabric shall be noless than 0.075 % and no more than 0.25 % unless otherwiseagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.15.2 The type of, level of, and tolerances for roving finishshall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.The roving finish sh
35、ould be compatible with, and produce therequired performance characteristics for the resin systemspecified in the applicable laminate specification or otherprocurement document. If the purchaser and the supplier agreethat laminate testing (wet and dry) is to be used to determineacceptability of the
36、finish content, this fact and the test methodshall be specified in the contracting document.16. Fabric Appearance16.1 The woven roving fabric shall be generally uniform inquality and condition, clean, smooth, and free of foreignparticles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appearance, orperforma
37、nce.16.2 The fabric in the laboratory sample for the fabricappearance shall be examined for the defects listed in Table 3and the acceptable quality levels (AQLs) shall be 6.5 totaldefects per hundred units of fabric unless otherwise agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.16.3 When specifi
38、ed, the warp direction of the fabric shallbe marked by blue direction-indicator yarns running warpwisein the cloth and spaced approximately 150 mm (6 in.) apart.17. Put-Up17.1 Woven roving fabric shall be furnished in rolls andshall be wound on spiral tubes measuring 76.2-mm (3-in.)minimum inside di
39、ameter and 25 mm (1 in.) longer than theoverall width of the fabric, unless otherwise specified. Themaximum number of pieces contained in any roll shall be asspecified in 18.1.17.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon, as when specified in anapplicable material specification, each roll shall be packed in as
40、ealed, vapor-tight bag of polyethylene not less than 0.05 mm(0.002 in.) thick in such a manner as to ensure that the fabric,during shipment and storage, will be protected against damagefrom exposure to moisture, weather, or any other normalhazard.NOTE 4Once opened by the user, if the roll is not tot
41、ally consumed,it is good practice to rebag the roll, add desiccant, and seal the bag.18. Packaging18.1 Each roll of woven roving fabric, put up as specified,shall be packaged to afford adequate protection against physi-cal damage during shipment from the supply source to thereceiving activity. The s
42、upplier may use his standard practicewhen it meets this requirement.19. Marking19.1 Each package shall be marked to show the followinginformation unless specified otherwise between the purchaserand the supplier. Characters shall be of such size as to beclearly legible and shall not be obliterated by
43、 normal handling:100 % Fiber Glass Woven Roving ClothGlass Type EFabric TypeLengthWidthPurchase Order NumberManufacturers IdentificationFinish DesignationSAMPLING AND CONDITIONING20. Sampling20.1 Lot SizeA lot shall consist of each 9070 kg (20 000lb) of a single woven roving fabric type unless other
44、wiseagreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.20.1.1 When small multiple shipments are made from aninspected lot, the shipments may be made without additionalinspection as agreed upon between the purchaser and thesupplier.20.2 Lot SampleUnless otherwise agreed upon, as whenspecified in an a
45、pplicable order or contract, take at random asa lot sample the number of rolls of woven roving fabricspecified in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 and a single sampling plan.20.3 Laboratory SampleAs a laboratory sample, take thefollowing samples:20.3.1 For visual appearance, width, mass per unit area, andlength, the
46、rolls in the lot sample serve as the laboratorysample.20.3.2 For other properties, take at random from the rolls inthe lot sample the number of rolls specified in Table 4.20.4 Test SpecimensFor visual appearance, width, massper unit area, and length, the rolls in the lot sample serve as testspecimen
47、s. For other properties, take material from the outsideof each roll in the laboratory sample as a source of the testTABLE 3 Woven Roving Fabric DefectsCrease or wrinkle, embedded; cannot be removed by hand rubbingAny knotsAny brittle or fused areaAny smashAny broken or missing end or pickAny hole, c
48、ut, or tearAny spot, stain, or streak clearly visibleAny pulled together or torn filamentAny torn, broken, or otherwise damaged selvageAny thick or thin place, clearly visibleForeign matter adhering to surface, clearly visibleAny jerked-in filling or slough-offD4389043specimens required in the respe
49、ctive test methods in thisspecification after first discarding a minimum of1m(1yd)from the very outside of the roll.21. Condition21.1 Condition the laboratory samples without precondi-tioning for a period of at least 5 h in the atmosphere for testingglass textiles in accordance with Practice D 1776, unlessotherwise specified.TEST METHODS22. Material22.1 Accept the suppliers certification that the material isof the correct grade as specified in Section 4 of SpecificationD 578. Verify that the fiber is continuous filament as specified,during testing for filament diameter as
