ASTM D4533 D4533M-2015 Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles《土工织物抗梯形法撕裂强度的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D4533 D4533M-2015 Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles《土工织物抗梯形法撕裂强度的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4533 D4533M-2015 Standard Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles《土工织物抗梯形法撕裂强度的标准试验方法》.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4533 11D4533/D4533M 15Standard Test Method forTrapezoid Tearing Strength of Geotextiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4533;D4533/D4533M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method is an index
3、test used to measure the force required to continue or propagate a tear in woven or non-wovengeotextiles by the trapezoid method. While useful for quality control and acceptance testing, the trapezoid tear test does not provideall the information needed for all design applications and other test met
4、hods should be used.1.2 This test method is applicable to most geotextiles that include woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, layered fabrics, knit fabrics,and felts that are used for geotextile applications.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
5、No other units of measurementare included in this separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This stan
6、dard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AST
7、M Standards:2D76D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)3D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and
8、 Rolled Erosion Control Products(RECPs) for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 atmosph
9、ere for testing geotextiles, nair maintained at a relative humidity of 65 6 5 % and a temperature of 21 6 2C(70 6 4F).21 6 2C 70 6 4F.3.1.2 geotextile, nany permeable textile material used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineeringrelated material as an integral part o
10、f a man-made product, structure, or system.3.1.3 tearing strength, nthe force required to either (1) start, or (2) continue or propagate a tear in a fabric under specifiedconditions.3.1.3.1 Discussion1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct
11、 responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved June 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2015. Published July 2011February 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20002011 as D4533 04(2009).11. DOI: 10.1520/D4533-11.10.1520/D4533_D4533M-15.2 For refer
12、encedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on w
13、ww.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consu
14、lt prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1This test method uses the maximum va
15、lue of the tearing force as the tearing strength.3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D123 or Terminology D4439.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 An outline of an isosceles trapezoid is marked on a rectangular specimen cut for the determination of tearing st
16、rength (seeFig. 1), and the nonparallel sides of the trapezoid marked on the specimen are clamped in parallel jaws of a tensile testing machine.The separation of the jaws is continuously increased so the tear propagates across the specimen. At the same time, the forcedeveloped is recorded. The teari
17、ng strength, which is the maximum value of the tearing force, is obtained from the autographicforce extension curve (see Fig. 2).5. Significance and Use5.1 The trapezoid tear method is a test that produces tension along a reasonably defined course such that the tear propagatesacross the width of the
18、 specimen. The trapezoid tearing strength for woven fabrics is determined primarily by the properties of theyarns that are gripped in the clamps. In nonwoven fabrics, because the individual fibers are more or less randomly oriented andcapable of some reorientation in the direction of the applied loa
19、d, the maximum trapezoid tearing strength is reached when theresistance to further reorientation is greater than the force required to rupture one or more fibers simultaneously.5.2 The trapezoid tearing strength method is useful for estimating the relative tear resistance of different fabrics or dif
20、ferentdirections in the same fabric.5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments; however, caution is advised sinceinformation about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.3.1 may be advisable.5.3.1 In case of a dispute arisi
21、ng from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing ofcommercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical biasbetween their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommend
22、ed for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the twoparties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the typein question. Test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The av
23、erage resultsfrom the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate Students t-test and an acceptable probability level chosen bythe two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and thesupplier must agree to interp
24、ret future test results in the light of the known bias.5.4 Most geotextile fabrics can be tested by this test method. Some modification of clamping techniques may be necessary fora given fabric, depending upon its structure. Special adaptation may be necessary with strong fabrics, or fabrics made fr
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