1、Designation: D5232 13Standard Test Method forDetermining the Stability and Miscibility of a Solid, Semi-Solid, or Liquid Waste Material1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5232; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is designed to determine whether awaste material reacts when it is mixed with
3、 air, water, strongacid, strong base, an oil/solvent mixture, other waste mixtures,or solid media such as a geological formation or solidificationagents.1.2 The miscibility of the waste material with the abovemedia can also be defined.NOTE 1The following ASTM standards provide supplemental infor-mat
4、ion: Test Methods D4978, D4979, D4980, D4981, D4982, D5049,D5057, and D5058.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its
5、 use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements, see Section 8.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Re
6、agent WaterD4978 Test Methods for Screening of Reactive Sulfides inWasteD4979 Test Method for Physical Description ScreeningAnalysis in WasteD4980 Test Methods for Screening of pH in Waste (With-drawn 2009)3D4981 Test Method for Screening of Oxidizers in WasteD4982 Test Methods for Flammability Pote
7、ntial ScreeningAnalysis of WasteD5049 Test Method for Screening Cyanides In Waste (With-drawn 1999)3D5057 Test Method for ScreeningApparent Specific Gravityand Bulk Density of WasteD5058 Practices for Compatibility of Screening Analysis ofWasteD5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management3. Termi
8、nology3.1 Definitions of terms in this test method appear inTerminology D5681.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The stability and miscibility of a waste material areobserved when the waste is mixed with various media.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method will identify waste materials that arepotent
9、ially unstable when they come in contact with othermaterials at a waste treatment or disposal site.5.2 This test method will serve to determine the miscibilityof waste materials with various media, including other wastes.5.3 This test method may not be applicable to all wastes.The appropriateness of
10、 these tests depends upon the proposedmanagement of the waste.5.4 Since the initiation of some chemical reactions are slowto take place, the user may wish to establish reagent-to-wastecontact times prior to observing the mixes for any reactions.6. Apparatus and Materials6.1 Disposable Cups, minimum
11、40-mL total volume. Selectplastics or other materials compatible with the reagents in-volved.6.2 Stirring Rods, Spatulas, Disposal Droppers, WatchGlasses, and so forth.6.3 Other waste materials to be evaluated with the testsample.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on W
12、asteManagement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.06 onAnalytical Methods.Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originallyapproved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5232 92 (2008).DOI: 10.1520/D5232-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit
13、 the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM
14、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16.4 Solid Media, to be evaluated with the test sample.7. Reagents7.1 Purity of WaterThe deionized water used to preparethe aqueous test solutions should conform to the conductivityspecifications ofAST
15、M Type II water as found in SpecificationD1193.7.2 Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Test Solution, carefully mix100 g of reagent grade hydrochloric acid (;36 %) with 900 gof deionized water.7.3 Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Test Solution, carefully mix200 g of reagent grade sodium hydroxide solution (;50 %)with 80
16、0 g of deionized water.7.4 Oil/Solvent Test Mixture, prepare a fifty percent (50 %)by weight mixture of reagent grade perchloroethylene in USPgrade mineral oil.8. Hazards8.1 Standard laboratory hygiene practices should be fol-lowed when conducting these tests. Potentially violent reac-tions may occu
17、r in performance of this test, so appropriateprecautions may be advised.8.2 All tests should be performed in a laboratory fume hood.Waste samples may produce toxic or noxious fumes whenmixed with other substances.8.3 The analyst should wear gloves that are resistant toacids, bases, and organic liqui
18、ds.9. Procedure9.1 Refer to the samples label and respective chemicalcomposition data to determine if there is any waste componentlisted that could react with the agents or materials selected fortesting.9.2 Air Stability:9.2.1 Open the cap of the sample container very slowly, andremove the cap slowl
19、y by sliding it across the top of the samplecontainer.9.2.2 If any evidence of fuming is observed when thecontainer is first opened, close the container immediately andrefer to the samples respective chemical composition data todetermine if there is any waste component listed that could bereactive i
20、n air. If no air reactive components are identified, thencarefully open the container.9.2.3 Using a glass, plastic spatula, or disposable dropper,remove a small portion of the sample and place it on a watchglass to observe any reaction of the waste in air. Note anyreaction. If the waste sample is ai
21、r reactive, do not proceedwith any of the following steps.9.3 Water Stability:9.3.1 Mix liquid waste sample thoroughly, and place a10-mL aliquot of the sample in a 40-mL plastic cup. For drywaste or sludges, add enough sample to fill the cup to the10-mL mark.9.3.2 Pour 10-mL of water slowly and care
22、fully over thesample and observe any reaction. If no reaction is observedimmediately, then mix the sample and water and note anyreaction. Also estimate the volume percent solubility of thesample in water. If the waste appears to be water reactive, it issuggested that the appropriateness of the follo
23、wing steps bereviewed.9.4 Stability with Acid:9.4.1 Take a 10-mL aliquot of the well mixed liquid wastesample and place it in a 40-mL plastic cup. For dry waste orsludges, fill to the 10-mL mark.9.4.2 Slowly and carefully add 10-mL of the HCl testsolution or up to 10-mL until a reaction is observed.
24、 If noreaction is observed after the addition of 10-mL, then carefullymix the HCl solution with the sample until it is evenly mixed.Note any reaction that occurs. Also estimate the volumepercent solubility of the sample in the acid.9.5 Stability with Base:9.5.1 Take a 10-mL aliquot of the well mixed
25、 liquid wastesample and place it in a 40-mL plastic cup. For dry waste orsludges, fill to the 10-mL mark.9.5.2 Slowly and carefully add 10-mL of the NaOH testsolution or up to 10-mL until a reaction is observed. If noreaction is observed after the addition of 10-mL, then carefullymix the NaOH soluti
26、on with the sample until it is evenlymixed. Note any reaction that occurs.Also estimate the volumepercent solubility of the sample in base.9.6 Stability with Organics:9.6.1 For waste material that may be mixed with otherwastes for treatment and disposal, take a 10-mL aliquot of thewell mixed liquid
27、waste sample and place it in a 40-mL plasticcup. For dry waste or sludges fill to the 10-mL mark.9.6.2 Slowly and carefully add 10-mL of oil/solvent mixtureor up to 10-mL until a reaction is observed. If no reaction isobserved after the addition of 10-mL, then carefully mix theoil/solvent with the s
28、ample until it is evenly mixed. Note anyreaction that occurs. Also estimate the volume percent solubil-ity of the sample with organics.9.7 Stability with Other Waste Materials or Solid Media:9.7.1 Place a 10-mL aliquot of the well mixed liquid samplein a 40-mL plastic cup. For dry waste or sludge, f
29、ill to the10-mL mark.9.7.2 Carefully and slowly add 10-mL of the other wastematerial or solid media or up to 10-mL until a reaction isobserved. If no reaction is observed after the addition of the10-mL, then carefully mix the contents of the plastic cup untilevenly mixed. Note any reaction that occu
30、rs. Also note thevolume percent solubility of the waste sample with the otherwaste material, if applicable.10. Interpretation of Results10.1 If the waste material reacts with any of the test mediaevaluated, resulting in the evolution of heat or the vigorousevolution of gases, then the waste will be
31、termed unstable withthat respective media.10.2 The solubility of the waste material observed whenmixed with the various liquid media can be an indication of themiscibility of the waste in those media.D5232 13211. Precision and Bias11.1 PrecisionIt is not practicable to specify the precisionof the pr
32、ocedure in Test Method D5232 for measuring thestability and miscibility of a waste material, because nonumerical data exist due to the wide variations in wastematerial compositions.11.2 BiasSince there is no accepted reference materialsuitable for measuring the bias for the procedure in TestMethod D
33、5232 for measuring the stability and miscibility of awaste material, bias has not been determined.12. Quality Control12.1 Quality control samples and replicate evaluationsshould be performed at a level specified by the laboratory andat a predetermined frequency.13. Keywords13.1 miscibility; stabilit
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