1、Designation: D5675 04 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Classification forFluoropolymer Micropowders1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification system provides a method of ad-equately identifying PTFE micropowders using a systemconsistent with that of Classific
3、ation System D4000. It furtherprovides a means for specifying these materials by the use ofa simple line callout designation. This classification coversfluoropolymer micropowders that are used as lubricants and asadditives to other materials in order to improve lubricity or tocontrol other character
4、istics of the base material.1.2 These powders are sometimes known as lubricant pow-ders. The powders usually have a much smaller particle sizethan those used for molding or extrusion, and they generallyare not processed alone. The test methods and propertiesincluded are those required to identify an
5、d specify the varioustypes of fluoropolymer micropowders. Recycled fluoropolymermaterials meeting the detailed requirements of this classifica-tion are included (see Guide D5033).1.3 These micropowders and the materials designated asfiller powders (F) in ISO 12086-1 and ISO 12086-2 are equiva-lent.2
6、1.4 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI-10 are to be regarded as the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and healt
7、h practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-tionary statements are given in 7.1.2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids byWater PycnometerD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1238 Tes
8、t Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD4464 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Cata-lytic
9、 Material by Laser Light ScatteringD4567 Test Method for Single-Point Determination of Spe-cific Surface Area of Catalysts and Catalyst Carriers UsingNitrogen Adsorption by Continuous Flow MethodD4591 Test Method for Determining Temperatures andHeats of Transitions of Fluoropolymers by DifferentialS
10、canning CalorimetryD4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)Resin Produced From DispersionD5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relat-ing to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics4D5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication FormatIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard fo
11、r Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System2.2 ISO Standards:5ISO 12086-1 Plastics-Fluoropolymer Dispersions andMoulding and Extrusion Materials Part 1: Designation andSystem and Basis for SpecificationISO 12086-2 Plastics-Fluoropolymer Dispersions andMoulding and Extrus
12、ion Materials Part 2: Preparation ofTest Specimens and Determination of Properties3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology given in TerminologyD883 is applicable to this classification unless otherwisespecified.3.1.1 bulk density, nthe mass per unit volume, in gramsper litre of a loosely packed
13、material, such as a moldingpowder. D48951This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved 1995. Last pre
14、vious edition approved 2004 as D5675 - 04. DOI: 10.1520/D5675-04R10.2Designations, specifications, and test methods are included in ISO 12086-1 and12086-2.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
15、Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, htt
16、p:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 lot, none production run or uniform blend of two ormore production runs. D48953.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 direct polymerization powder
17、, nPTFE materialbased on polymerizations designed to produce low molecularweight PTFE resins with properties of materials described inthis standard.3.2.2 dispersion-based powder, nPTFE material based onthe type of polymerization normally related to the productionof “paste or coagulated dispersion ty
18、pe” PTFE resins.3.2.3 micropowder, nwhite, free-flowing PTFE powdersdesigned for use as additives in other materials or systems.3.2.4 reground PTFE, nPTFE material produced bygrinding polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material that has beenpreformed but has never been sintered.3.2.5 reprocessed PTFE, n
19、PTFE material produced bygrinding PTFE material that has been both preformed andsintered.3.2.6 sintering, nas it applies to PTFE, a thermal treat-ment during which the PTFE is melted and recrystallized bycooling, with coalescence occurring during the treatment.3.2.7 suspension-based powder, nPTFE ma
20、terial basedon the type of polymerization normally related to the produc-tion of granular PTFE resins.3.3 Abbreviations:AbbreviationsAbbreviated terms are inaccordance with Terminology D1600.4. Classification4.1 This classification covers two groups of fluoropolymermicropowders. Fluoropolymer microp
21、owders are classifiedinto groups according to their base fluoropolymer. Thesegroups are further subdivided into classes and grades as shownin Table 1.NOTE 1An example of this classification system is as follows:The designationASTM D5675 PTFE0111 indicates PTFE micropowder inaccordance with Specifica
22、tion D5675:01 = PTFE resin,1 = suspension polymerization based, and1 = formerly Type I, Grade 1, Class A, inSpecification D5675 - 95awith a particle size of 1 to 1 g/10 min using a load of 5 kg.5. General Requirements5.1 The resin shall be uniform and shall contain no additivesor foreign material.5.
23、2 The color of the material as shipped by the seller shallbe white to gray.6. Sampling6.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 9.4.7. Sample Preparation7.1 Test Samples:7.1.1 For each lot of fluoropolymer micropowder, collect asuitable sample for testing. The sample
24、 powder should be at thestandard laboratory temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F)prior to testing.TABLE 1 Basic PropertiesGroup Description Class Description Grade DescriptionParticle Size,AverageDiameter, mSurface Area,m2/gMelt-Flow Rate,Ag/10 minMassB01CPTFE 1 suspension based 1D1to1 52E10 to 25 0.
25、8 to 4.5 0.1 102 dispersion based 1F1to1 52G10 to 30 4.6 to 15 0.1 103H25 to 50 4.6 to 15 1 54I50 to 150 4.6 to 15 1 53 direct polymerization 1J2 to 15 4.6 to 15 1 54 reground suspension 1K1to1 55 reground dispersion 1L1to25 0.8to4.5 1 56 previously sintered 1M10 to 50 20 502NFEP 1 1O10 to 30 4.6 to
26、 15 4 to 12 5AOrifice diameter of 2.0955 mm and temperature of 372C.BKilogram load on plastometer.CGroup 01 materials have a specific gravity of 2.10 to 2.30 g/cm3, a water content (maximum) of 0.1 %, a melting point (peak temperature) of 315 to 340C, and abulk density of 225 to 600 g/L.DFormerly Sp
27、ecification D567595a, Type I, Grade 1, Class A.EFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 1, Class B.FFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class A.GFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class B.HFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class C.IFormerly Specifi
28、cation D567595a, Type I, Grade 2, Class D.JFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 3, Class A.KFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 4, Class A.LFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 4, Class B.MFormerly Specification D567595a, Type I, Grade 5, Class A.NGroup 02 materials ha
29、ve a specific gravity of 2.10 to 2.20 g/cm3, a water content (maximum) of 0.1 %, a melting point (peak temperature) of 250 to 280C, and abulk density of 200 to 600 g/L.OFormerly Specification D567595a, Type II, Grade 1, Class A.D5675 04 (2010)27.1.2 Screen the powder through a No. 10 hand sieve inor
30、der to break up or remove any lumps. (WarningFluoropolymers may evolve small quantities of gaseous prod-ucts when heated above 200C (400F). Some of these gasesmay be harmful. Exhaust ventilation must consequently beused whenever the resins are heated above this temperature, asthey are during the mel
31、ting operations that are part of thisclassification. Since the temperature of burning tobacco ex-ceeds 200C, those working with fluoropolymer resins shouldensure that the tobacco is not contaminated.)8. Test Methods8.1 Melting Characteristics by Thermal Analysis:8.1.1 Significance and UseMost of the
32、 PTFE resins thatfall within the scope of this classification have never beenmelted. An exception is Group 01 Class 6 micropowders.However, these micropowders generally do not have highermelting peak temperatures upon initial melting than uponsecond or subsequent meltings. Except for Group 01 Class
33、4and 5 powder, melting-peak temperatures cannot be used todetermine whether the PTFE resins have been melted previ-ously. Melting peak temperatures are used to determine theconformance of a micropowder to the melting peak tempera-ture requirements given in Table 1 of this classification.8.1.2 Appara
34、tusUse the apparatus described in TestMethod D4591.8.1.3 ProcedureMeasure the melting peak temperaturesin accordance with the procedures given in Test MethodD4591. An initial melting peak temperature above the meltingpeak temperature obtained on the second and subsequentmelting (defined as the secon
35、d melting peak temperature)probably indicates that the PTFE resin is Group 01, Classes 5and 6 micropowder. The second melting peak temperatureoccurs at approximately 327C (621F). The difference be-tween the initial and second melting peak temperatures isusually greater than 5C (9F) but might be slig
36、htly less. Thereis no significant difference between the initial and secondmelting peak temperatures for all of the other fluoropolymermicropowders. If peak temperatures are difficult to discernfrom the curves because the peaks are rounded, straight linesshould be drawn tangent to the sides of the p
37、eak. The peaktemperature should be taken to be where these lines intersectbeyond the peak.8.2 Melt Flow Rate:8.2.1 Test MethodDetermine the melt flow rate at 372 61C using a modification of the extrusion plastometer de-scribed in Test Method D1238. Measure flow rate using a loadof 5000 or 10000 g.8.
38、2.2 ApparatusThe apparatus shall consist of an extru-sion plastometer, described in Test Method D1238, modified byuse of corrosion-resistant6alloy for the barrel lining, orifice,orifice securing device, and piston tip.8.2.3 Measurement of Flow RateProceed in accordancewith Test Method D1238 using th
39、e appropriate sample weightand testing time from Table 2 of Test Method D1238. The testtemperature shall be 372 6 1C and the load of 5000 or 10000g in accordance with Table 1 of this classification.8.3 Specific GravityMeasure specific gravity using theprocedures described in Test Method A of Test Me
40、thod D854,except use Isopar K7instead of water in order to provide properwetting of the powder.8.4 Water Content:8.4.1 Significance and UseThe presence of an excessiveamount of water in fluoropolymer resin has a significantadverse effect on the processing characteristics of the resin andthe quality
41、of the products made using the resin. A sample ofthe powder of known weight is dried in a vacuum oven in atared aluminum weighing dish. When the powder is dry, it isremoved from the oven, placed in a desiccator, allowed to cool,and then reweighed. The water content is calculated from theweight lost
42、during drying.8.4.2 ApparatusUse the apparatus described in Specifica-tion D4895.8.5 Particle SizeMeasure particle size using the proce-dures described in Test Method D4464, except use methanolinstead of water.8.6 Surface AreaMeasure surface area using the proce-dures described in Test Method D4567,
43、 except use a 20-mindegas period at 200C rather than 60 min at 300C.8.7 Bulk DensityMeasure bulk density using the proce-dures described in Specification D4895.9. Inspection and Certification9.1 Inspection and certification of the material supplied withreference to a specification based on this clas
44、sification systemshall be for conformance to the requirements specified herein.9.2 Lot acceptance shall be the basis on which acceptance orrejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptance inspection shallconsist of particle size determination.9.3 Periodic check inspection with reference to a specifi
45、ca-tion based on this classification system shall consist of the testsfor all requirements of the material under the specification.Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure the material iscertifiable in accordance with 9.4.9.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufacturedby a proc
46、ess in statistical control, sampled, tested, and in-spected in accordance with this classification system, and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of thespecification (line callout).9.5 A report of test results shall be furnished when re-quested. The report shall consist of resu
47、lts of the lot acceptanceinspection for the shipment and the results of the most recentperiodic-check inspection.10. Packaging and Marking10.1 The provisions of Practice D3892 apply to packaging,packing, and marking of containers for plastic materials.11. Keywords11.1 fluoropolymer; line callout; lu
48、bricant powder; mi-cropowder; polytetrafluoroethylene6“Stellite” Grade No. 18, Stellite Division of Cabot Corp., Kokomo, IN 46901,and “Duranickel” No. 301, Huntington Alloy Co., Huntington, WV 25720, havebeen found to be resistant to fluorocarbon resins.7Isopar is available from Exxon Co. and is als
49、o used in Specification D4895.D5675 04 (2010)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either re
