1、Designation:D586705 Designation: D5867 12Standard Test Methods forMeasurement of Physical Properties of Raw Cotton Fibersby High VolumeCotton Classification Instruments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1These test methods cover the color, trash content, micronaire,
3、 length, length uniformity, strength and elongation of cottonfibers using the Spinlab System HVI 900 SA or the Motion Control, Inc. Systems HVI 3500 and HVI 4000 that are a series ofinstruments connected to single dedicated programmed computers.1.2These test methods are applicable to loose fibers ta
4、ken from raw or partially processed cotton and some types of cotton waste.1.3These test methods contain the following sections:1.1 This test method covers the measurement of color, trash content, micronaire, upper half mean length (length), uniformityindex and breaking tenacity (strength) of raw cot
5、ton for cotton marketing using a cotton classification instrument.1.2 This test method is applicable to Upland and Extra Long Staple (ELS) raw cotton.1.3 This test method is applicable to roller and saw ginned raw cottons.1.4 This test method contains the following sections.SectionColor of Cotton 7-
6、15 ColorTrash Content of Samples of Cotton Fibers 16-24 TrashContentMicronaire Reading of Cotton Fibers 25-33 Mi-cronaireReadingLength and Length Uniformity of Cotton Fibers 34-42 UpperHalf MeanLength(Length) andUniformityIndexBreaking Tenacity and Elongation of Cotton Fibers 43-51Precision and Bias
7、 52BreakingTenacity(Strength)1.4The1.5 The values stated in both inch-pound and SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.51.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use
8、. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles D1441D1441 Practice for Sampling Cotton F
9、ibers for Testing D1445D1445 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Cotton Fibers (Flat Bundle Method) D1447D1447 Test Method for Length and Length Uniformity of Cotton Fibers by Photoelectric Measurement D1448D1448 Test Method for Micronaire Reading of Cotton Fibers D1776D1776 Practice
10、 for Conditioning and Testing Textiles D2253D2253 Test Method for Color of Raw Cotton Using the Nickerson-Hunter Cotton Colorimeter1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.Current editio
11、n approved MarchJuly 1, 2005.2012. Published April 2005.September 2012. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 19952005 asD5867 905. DOI: 10.1520/D5867-05.10.1520/D5867-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service a
12、t serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous ve
13、rsion. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Internati
14、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D28122495 Test Method for Moisture in Cotton by Oven-DryingD2812 Test Method for Non-Lint Content of Cotton D3025D3025 Practice for Standardizing Cotton Fiber Test Results by Use of Calibration Cotton Standards
15、D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and Related Properties of TextilesD7139 Terminology for Cotton Fibers Terminology for Cotton FibersE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
16、 ASTM Test Methods3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to D13.11, refer to D71393.1.1The following terms are relevant to this standard: breaking tenacity, elongation at break, mean length, micronaire reading,particle count, percent area, span length, Rd and +b, strength, test beard, uniform
17、ity index, uniformity ratio, upper-half-meanlength. .3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: micronaire reading, particle count (trash), percent area (trash), Rd (colorreflectance) and +b (color yellowness), breaking tenacity (strength), uniformity index, upper-half-mean length.3.2
18、For all other terminology related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123 and Terminology D4848.4. Significance and UseGeneral4.1These test methods are used in the trade and are considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments whenthe level of tests, of any one or several or all
19、 of the individual physical properties, in the laboratory of the purchaser and thelaboratory of the supplier are controlled by the use of the same laboratory control samples.4.1.1In case of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using these test methods for acceptance testing
20、 ofcommercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical biasbetween their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the twoparties should take a group of test spec
21、imens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the typein question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing average resultsfrom the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired dat
22、a and an acceptable probability level chosenby the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and thesupplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light with consideration to the known bias.4.2Being able to mea
23、sure color, particle count of trash, micronaire, length, strength, and elongation using an integrated anddedicated system has the following benefits:4.2.1The HVI measuring system can rapidly and objectively determine the color of cotton that is an important factor indetermining the end use of cotton
24、.4.2.2The HVI system provides a particle count of the cotton trash that is directly related to textile processing waste.4.2.3The HVI system determines micronaire, a factor that is correlated with cleaning efficiency, neppiness, the strength anduniformity of yarn, and dyeing of fibers, yarns, and fab
25、rics.4.2.4The HVI system provides a reproducible and economical procedure to measure length and length uniformity of fibers.4.2.5The HVI system can determine various stress-strain parameters that are useful for research and for relating fibercharacteristics to processing performance and quality of e
26、nd products.4.1 This test method is accepted for testing of bales of raw cotton in commercial shipments.4.2 This test method describes acceptable practices for testing of raw cotton using cotton classification instruments that arecapable of testing the fiber properties of micronaire reading, length,
27、 uniformity index, strength, Rd (color), +b (color), percent area(trash) and particle count (trash).5. Sampling5.1 Lot SampleAs a lot sample for acceptance testing, take at random the number of shipping containers directed in anapplicable material specification or other agreement between the purchas
28、er and the supplier, such as an agreement to use PracticeD1441 for bales of fiber or containers of sliver. Consider shipping containers or bales to be the primary sample units.NOTE1An adequate specification or other agreement between the purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the va
29、riability betweensampling units, between laboratory samples within a sampling unit, and between test specimens within a laboratory sample to provide a sampling planwith a meaningful producers risk, consumers risk, acceptable quality level, and limiting quality level.5.2Laboratory SampleFor acceptanc
30、e testing, randomly take material from each lot sampling unit, or original material, suchas: loose fibers from one or more bolls, plants, or rows in a field; bales, mixes, or blends of cotton; or any consignment, shipment,or lot of cotton; of any size or mass to yield the required test specimen(s).5
31、.3Test SpecimensTake test specimens as directed in the description of individual test methods. Bale SampleFor a balesample, takea4oz(100 g) subsample of cotton from each of two opposite sides of the bale and combine the two subsamples intoa single bale sample weighing 8 oz (200 g).D5867 1226. Condit
32、ioning6.1Bring the laboratory samples to moisture equilibrium for testing in these test methods atmosphere for testing textiles. SeePractice D1776.6.1 Condition the cotton samples to the temperature and relative humidity levels of 21 6 1C (70 6 2F) and 65 6 2 % untilmoisture equilibrium is reached.6
33、.2 Accelerated conditioning is an acceptable practice for this test method.6.3 Moisture content (dry basis) measured by resistance technique referenced to oven method Test Method D2495 shall bewithin 6.75 to 8.25 %.NOTE2Cotton is normally received in the laboratory in a relative dry condition, makin
34、g special preconditioning procedures unnecessary. Samples thatare obviously damp should be preconditioned before being brought into the laboratory for conditioning. 1This range covers the equilibrium moisturecontent range for all cottons.NOTE3If tests are not made for moisture equilibrium, it is rec
35、ommended that the samples be conditioned for at least 12 h prior to testing.COLOR OF RAW COTTON 2Cotton is normally received in the laboratory in a relative dry condition, makingspecial preconditioning procedures unnecessary. Samples that are obviously damp should be preconditioned beforebeing broug
36、ht into the laboratory for conditioning.7. Scope7.1This test method covers the comparison of the color of raw cotton with the official standards of the United States Departmentof Agriculture for Color Grade of cotton by means of a cotton colorimeter of the Nickerson-Hunter type. It can be used to me
37、asurethe color of any type of raw cotton but is particularly applicable to Upland and American Pima cotton, for which official gradeStandards have been established.7.2The instrument employs the use of a programmable microprocessor with memory for controlling internal operations andperforming require
38、d calibration, calculation, and data presentation.NOTE4For another method describing the measurement of the color of raw cotton, refer to Test Method D2253. Calibration7.1 Follow instrument manufacturers procedures for sample placement.7.2 Calibration of Rd (color reflectance) and +b (color yellowne
39、ss):7.2.1 For color calibration of Rd and +b, calibrate using USDA color materials in accordance with instrument manufacturersrecommendations to establish a testing level consistent with the industry accepted Universal HVI Rd/+b Cotton Color Standards.7.3 Calibration of Percent Area (trash) and Part
40、icle Count (trash):7.3.1 For trash calibration of percent area and particle count calibrate using USDAtrash materials in accordance with instrumentmanufacturers recommendations.7.4 Calibration of Micronaire:7.4.1 For calibration of micronaire, cotton calibration or orifice calibration methods are ac
41、cepted practices within the industry.7.4.2 For cotton calibration of micronaire, calibrate using Universal HVI Micronaire Calibration Cotton Standards inaccordance with instrument manufacturers recommendations.7.4.3 For orifice calibration of micronaire, calibrate using USDA micronaire materials in
42、accordance with instrumentmanufacturers recommendations to establish a testing level consistent with the industry accepted Universal HVI MicronaireCalibration Cotton Standards.7.5 Calibration of Upper Half Mean Length, Uniformity Index and Breaking Tenacity (Strength):7.5.1 For Upland saw ginned and
43、 roller ginned raw cotton testing, calibrate the instrument with Universal HVI CalibrationCotton Standards (Short/Weak and Long/Strong).7.5.2 For ELS saw ginned and roller ginned raw cotton testing, calibrate the instrument with Universal HVI Short/WeakCalibration Cotton Standard and Extra Long Stap
44、le HVI Long/Strong Calibration Cotton Standard.7.6 The calibration materials can be obtained from the USDA, AMS, Cotton Divisions Standardization and EngineeringBranch. The contact information is provided below:USDA, AMS, Cotton DivisionStandardization and Engineering Branch3275 Appling Road, Room #
45、5Memphis, TN 38133 USAhttp:/www.ams.usda.gov/cotton/phone: 901-384-3030 / fax: 901-384-3032COLOR8. Summary of Test Method8.1A smooth representative surface of a cotton sample is placed over the colorimeter sample window and pressed flat. Theinstrument colorimeter is energized, and color values are d
46、isplayed on the instruments visual monitor in one or more of thefollowing terms: the grayness and yellowness scale developed for cotton, the Rd and +b values, and the United States Departmentof Agriculture color grade code number. ScopeD5867 1238.1 This section describes the measurements of Rd (colo
47、r reflectance) and +b (color yellowness) for raw cotton. The Rd and+b measurements are based upon standards established by USDA.9. Significance and Use9.1Color is the primary factor of the color grade of cotton. Since cotton is graded by visual judgment, an instrument thatmeasures color in terms tha
48、t are highly correlated with visual judgement is a decided asset. Color measurements are even moreimportant for use as an aid in reproducing copies of the official standards for color grade of cotton.9.2Color is an element of cotton quality, and raw stock color measurements are useful in controlling
49、 the color of manufacturedgreige, bleached, or dyed yarns and fabrics. Summary of Test Method9.1 Asmooth representative surface of a cotton sample is placed in the color measurement area and pressed flat with a minimumforce of 4 lb/in.2(0.3 kg/cm2).10. Apparatus and Materials10.1Cotton Colorimeter, HVI Model, with accessories.10.2Calibration Tile StandardsA set of five working calibration tile standards of designated Rd and+b values.10.3Cotton Color Check Standards. Significance and Use10.1 Color is an element of cotton quality, and raw cotton color measu
