1、Designation: D 5948 05e1Standard Specification forMolding Compounds, Thermosetting1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5948; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTEEditorial corrections were made in August 2005.1. Scope*1.1 This speci
3、fication covers the basic properties of thermo-set molding compounds and the test methods used to establishthe properties.1.2 ClassificationMolding thermosetting plastic com-pounds shall be of the following resins and are covered by theindividual specification sheets (see 5.1 and Annex A1-AnnexA8).R
4、esinPhenolic, cellulose filledPhenolic, mineral/glass filledMelaminePolyesterDiallyl iso-phthalateDiallyl ortho-phthalateSiliconeEpoxyNOTE 1There is no equivalent ISO standard.1.3 Order of PrecedenceIn the event of a conflict betweenthe text of this specification and the references cited in Section2
5、 (except for related specification sheets), the text of thisspecification takes precedence. Nothing in this specification,however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless aspecific exemption has been obtained.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be consideredstandard.2. Referenced Docu
6、ments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 149 Test Methods for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Electrical Insulating Materials atCommercial Power FrequenciesD 150 Test Methods for A-C Loss Characteristics andPermittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD 229 Test Methods
7、 for Rigid Sheet and Plate MaterialsUsed for Electrical InsulationD 256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD 495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, DryArc Resistance of Solid Electrical InsulationD 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD 618
8、Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural Load in the Edgewise PositionD 695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Propertie
9、s of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 796 Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens ofPhenolic Molding Compounds3D 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1896 Practice for Transfer Molding Test Specimens ofThermosetting CompoundsD 3419 Practice for In-Lin
10、e Screw-Injection Molding TestSpecimens from Thermosetting CompoundsD 3636 Practice for Sampling and Judging Quality of SolidElectrical Insulating MaterialsD 3638 Test Method for Comparative Tracking Index ofElectrical Insulating MaterialsD 4350 Test Method for Corrosivity Index of Plastics andFille
11、rsD 4697 Guide for Maintaining Test Methods in the UsersLaboratoryE 994 Guide for Calibration and Testing Laboratory Ac-creditation Systems General Requirements for Operationand RecognitionE 1224 Guide for Categorizing Fields of Capability for1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com
12、mittee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.16 on ThermosettingMaterials.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 5948 - 96(02)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
13、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. Replaced by Practice D 5224.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
14、Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Laboratory Accreditation Purposes2.2 Underwriters Laboratory Standard:4UL 94 Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Partsin Devices and Appliances2.3 Other Standard:DDC AD 29745
15、7 Procedure for Determining Toxicity ofSynthetic Compounds53. Terminology3.1 For definitions of technical terms pertaining to plasticsused in this specification, refer to Terminology D 883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 batcha homogeneous unit of finished molding com-pound
16、manufactured at one time.3.2.2 heat resistancethe elevated temperature at which aparticular material retains a minimum of 50 % of its originalflexural strength measured at 23C.4. Significance and Use4.1 This specification is a revision of STD MIL-M-14H,Specification for Molding Compound, Thermosetti
17、ng, retain-ing the MIL-M-14H material designations and property re-quirements while conforming to ASTM form and style. It isintended for qualification and batch acceptance for materialsused by government and industry, and is intended as a directreplacement for MIL-M-14H.5. Requirements5.1 Specificat
18、ion SheetsThe individual item requirementsshall be as specified herein and in accordance with theapplicable specification sheet (seeAnnexA1-AnnexA8). In theevent of any conflict between the requirements of this specifi-cation and the material specification, the latter shall govern.5.2 QualificationM
19、olding compounds furnished underthis specification shall be products which conform to theapplicable material specification and quality assurance provi-sions in this specification.5.3 Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) The user shall beprovided with a material safety data sheet.5.4 UniformityAll moldi
20、ng compound of the same brandfrom one manufacturer shall be uniform in texture, in color,and in the specified properties as determined by the batch-acceptance inspection specified in 8.3.5.5 Property ValuesStandard specimens of the com-pounds shall conform to the property values shown in theindividu
21、al specification sheets for qualification (see 8.2) andbatch acceptance (see 8.3).6. Conditioning6.1 Standard test specimens shall be conditioned beforetesting, as specified in Tables 1-4.6.1.1 NomenclatureThe following letters shall be used toindicate the respective general conditioning procedures:
22、6.1.1.1 Condition AAs received; no special conditioning.6.1.1.2 Condition CHumidity conditioning in accordancewith Practice D 618.6.1.1.3 Condition DImmersion conditioning in distilledwater in accordance with Practice D 618.6.1.1.4 Condition ETemperature conditioning in accor-dance with Practice D 6
23、18; Condition Desiccationcoolingover silica gel or calcium chloride in a desiccator at 23C for16 to 20 h after temperature conditioning in accordance withPractice D 618.6.2 DesignationConditioning procedures shall be desig-nated as follows:6.2.1 A capital letter indicating the general condition of t
24、hespecimen; that is, as-received, humidity, immersion, or tem-perature conditioning.6.2.2 A number indicating the duration of the conditioningin hours.6.2.3 A number indicating the conditioning temperature indegrees Celsius.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333Pfing
25、sten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.5Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Depart-ment of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161.TABLE 1 Sampling and Conditioning for Mechanical/Physical Qualification TestsNOTE 1A 50 % retention of initial flexural strength is r
26、equired.NOTE 2The side of a test specimen is that area formed by the chase of the mold.NOTE 3The face of the test specimen is that area formed by the top or bottom force plug.NOTE 4When specified.Property to Be Tested-Mechanical/PhysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form, andDimensionNumberTes
27、tedConditioning Procedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueCompressive strength, end-wiseD 695 . 25.4 by 12.7 by 12.7 mm 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum average)Dimensional stability . 7.2.1 127 bar, 12.7 by 12.7 mm 5 C-96/23/50 Percent (maximum average)Flexural strength D 790 7.2.2 127 bar, 6.4 by 12
28、.7 mm 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum average)Heat deflection temperature D 648 7.2.3 127 bar, 12.7 by 12.7 mm 3 A Degrees Celsius (minimumaverage)Heat resistance (1) D 790 7.2.4 127 bar, 6.4 by 12.7 mm 5 E-1/at designated tempera-ture test. Test at tempera-tureDegrees Celsius (minimumaverage) a
29、t temperatureImpact strengthSide (2) D 256 . As per Test Method D 256 5 E-48/50 + C96/23/50 J/m notch (minimum average)Face (3), (4) D 256 . As per Test Method D 256 5 E-48/50 + C96/23/50 J/m notch (minimum average)Tensile strength D 638 . As per Test Method D 638 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 MPa (minimum
30、 average)Water absorption D 570 7.2.5 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-24/100 + des + D-48/50 Percent (maximum average)D594805e126.2.4 A number indicating relative humidity, whenever rela-tive humidity is controlled.6.3 The numbers shall be separated from each other by slantmarks and from the capital le
31、tter by a dash. A sequence ofconditions shall be denoted by use of a plus sign ( + ) betweensuccessive conditions.Examples:Condition C-96/23/50: Humidity condition, 96 h at 23 6 1.1C and 50 62 % relative humidity.Condition D-48/50: Immersion condition, 48 h at 50 6 1C.Condition E-48/50: Temperature
32、condition, 48 h at 50 6 3C.Condition E-48/50 +C-96/23/50: Temperature condition, 48 h at 506 3C followed by+ C-96/23/50 humidity condition, 96 h at 23 61.1C and 50 6 2 % relative humidity.7. Test Procedure7.1 Standard Test Specimens:7.1.1 NumberThe minimum number of standard testspecimens to be test
33、ed is specified in Tables 1-4.7.1.2 FormThe form of the standard test specimens shallbe as specified in the referenced ASTM test method or otherapplicable test method.7.1.3 Molding of Test SpecimensMold test specimens bymethods that could include post-cure. No special treatmentshall be used to impro
34、ve the properties of the specimens whencompared with parts molded in commercial productions. (Prac-tices D 796, D 1896, and D 3419 represent the best moldingpractices for thermosets.)7.1.4 ToleranceTest specimens shall conform to the di-mensional tolerances of the appropriate test method, as listed
35、inTables 1-4. When not otherwise stated, tolerance on dimen-sions shall be 65%.7.2 Methods of TestUnless otherwise specified, take alltest measurements at the standard laboratory atmosphere of 236 1.1C and 50 6 2 % relative humidity. The test methodsshall be conducted in accordance with the applicab
36、le ASTMtest method, except where modified (see 7.2.1-7.2.12).TABLE 2 Sampling and Conditioning for Electrical Qualification TestsProperty to Be Tested-Mechanical/PhysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form, andDimensionNumberTestedConditioning Procedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueArc resistance
37、 D 495 . 102-mm disk, 3.17 mm thick 3 A seconds (minimum average)Dielectric breakdown:Short-time test D 149 7.2.6 102-mm disk, 12.7 mm thick 1 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 kilovolt (minimum average)Step-by-step test 3 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50Short-time test 1 E-48/50 + D-48/50Step-by-step test 3 E-48/50 + D-48/
38、50Dielectric constant:At 1 kHz D 150 . 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des maximum average3 E-48/50 + D-24/23At 1 MHz 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des3 E-48/50 + D-24/23Dielectric strength:Short-time test D 149 7.2.6 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 kV/mm (minimumStep-by
39、-step test 5 E-48/50 + C-96/23/50 average)Short-time test 3 E-48/50 + D-48/50Step-by-step test 5 E-48/50 + D-48/50Dissipation factor:At 1 kHz D 150 . 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des maximum average3 E-48/50 + D-24/23At 1 MHz 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 3 E-48/50 + des3 E-48/50 + D-24/23Surface
40、 resistance . 7.2.7 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 5 C-720/70/100 + dew megaohms (minimum individual)Comparative track index D 3638 7.2.8 51-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 5 A voltsVolume resistance . 7.2.7 102-mm disk, 3.2 mm thick 5 C-720/70/100 + dew megaohms (minimum individual)Water extract conductance D 435
41、0 . . . E-144/71 siemens per centimetreTABLE 3 Sampling and Conditioning for Combustion Qualification TestsProperty to Be Tested-Mechanical/PhysicalASTM TestMethodModifiedbySpecimens, Form,and DimensionNumberTestedConditioningProcedure(see Section 6)Unit of ValueFlame resistance ignition time D 229
42、7.2.9 127-mm bar, 12.7 by12.7 mm5 A seconds (minimum average)Burning time seconds (maximum average)Flammability UL 94 7.2.10 127-mm bar, 12.7-mmthickness5 A rating/thickness (1.6, 3.2, or6.4 mm)Toxicity when heated:Carbon dioxideCarbon monoxideAmmoniaAldehydes as HCHOCyanide and HCN 7.2.11 127-mm ba
43、r, 12.7 by12.7 mm4 A parts per million (maximumaverage)Oxide of nitrogen as NO2Hydrogen chlorideD594805e137.2.1 Dimensional StabilityMold or machine the speci-mens so the 12.7 by 12.7-mm ends are smooth and parallel.Subject the specimens to the condition C-96/23/50 (see 6.2).Then measure the initial
44、 length of the specimens to the nearest0.01 mm. Subject the specimens to 10 cycles, each cycle asfollows: 48 h in a circulating air oven at 125 6 5C plus 24 hat 23 6 1.1C and 50 6 2 % relative humidity. At thecompletion of 10 cycles, measure the final length of thespecimens to the nearest 0.01 mm. T
45、he percentage dimensionalchange is calculated to the nearest 0.1 % as follows:Dimensional change, %5initial length 2 final length!initial length3 100 (1)The average percent dimensional change of the five speci-mens shall be recorded.7.2.2 Flexural StrengthUse Test Method D 790 to deter-mine flexural
46、 strength. The span-depth ratio shall be 16:1, andthe dimensions of the test bar shall be 127 by 12.7 by 6.4 mm.7.2.3 Heat-Deflection TemperatureUse Test MethodD 648 to determine heat-deflection temperature. The speci-mens shall be placed directly in the oil bath and not in air. Thestress load shall
47、 be 1.82 MPa.7.2.4 Heat ResistanceCondition the specimen for1hatthe designated temperature. After conditioning, the flexuralstrength (see 7.2.2) shall be tested at the same temperature inaccordance with Test Method D 790. When measured at theelevated test temperature, the molding compound shall meet
48、the heat resistance requirement of retaining 50 % of theflexural strength value as determined at 23C. The average offive determinations divided by the average flexural strength asdetermined at 23C shall be multiplied by 100 and recorded aspercent flexural strength retained at the specified condition
49、ingand testing temperature. For example:7.2.4.1 The temperature specified under heat resistance foreach material grade in Annexes A1.1 through A8.1 is the E 1temperature designated in Table 1. It is the temperature atwhich that particular grade shall retain a minimum of 50 % ofits original flexural strength.7.2.5 Water AbsorptionUse Test Method D 570 to deter-mine water absorption, modified as follows:7.2.5.1 Condition the specimens at 100 6 2C for 24 h,followed by a 16 to 20-h period of cooling over silica gel orcalcium chloride in a de
