1、Designation: D 6158 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forMineral Hydraulic Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in hydraulicsystems, where the performance requirements demand fluidswith one of th
3、e following characteristics:1.1.1 A refined base oil (Class HH),1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidationinhibitors (Class HL), and1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidationinhibitors plus antiwear characteristics (Class HM).1.2 This specification defines the requirement
4、s of mineraloil-based hydraulic fluids that are compatible with mostexisting machinery components when there is adequate main-tenance.1.3 This specification defines only new lubricating oilsbefore they are installed in the hydraulic system.1.4 This specification defines specific types of hydraulicoi
5、ls. It does not include all hydraulic oils. Some oils that are notincluded may be satisfactory for certain hydraulic applications.Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit or requirea wider or narrower range of characteristics than those de-scribed herein.1.5 The following safety hazard cave
6、at pertains to the testmethods referenced in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicabili
7、ty of regulatory limitation priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD 130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper fromPetroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD 445 T
8、est Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of DynamicViscosity)D 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD 665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
9、Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of WaterD 892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubri-cating OilsD 943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhib-ited Mineral OilsD 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD 1298 Test Method for Density, Relative De
10、nsity (SpecificGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD 1401 Test Method for Water Separability of PetroleumOils and Synthetic FluidsD 2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic OilsD 2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Ki
11、ne-matic Viscosity at 40 and 100CD 2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants byViscosity SystemD 2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of HydraulicFluids (Beverage Bottle Method)D 2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity ofLubricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD 3427 Test Me
12、thod for Air Release Properties of Petro-leum OilsD 4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofLiquids by Digital Density MeterD 4310 Test Method for Determination of the Sludging andCorrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral OilsD 6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristicsof H
13、ydraulic Fluids1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.Current edition approved June 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approvedin 1997. Last previous edit
14、ion approved in 1999 as D 615899.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes secti
15、on appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 7043 Test Method for Indicating Wear Characteristics ofPetroleum and Non-Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a Con-stant Volume Vane Pump3. Classificat
16、ion3.1 Type HH Hydraulic OilsNon-inhibited refined min-eral oils for hydraulic systems that do not have specificrequirements of oxidation stability, rust protection, or anti-wearproperties. Type HH oils are usually intended for total losssystems or very light-duty equipment.3.2 Type HL Hydraulic Oil
17、sRefined mineral oils withimproved rust protection and oxidation stability for hydraulicsystems where relatively high temperatures and long periods ofoperation time are expected, and where there is the possibilityof water or humidity that could rust metal parts of themachinery. These oils are intend
18、ed for use in systems where nometal to metal contact is expected between the moving parts.Usually systems working at low pressures specify HL oils.Some high-pressure piston pumps can operate satisfactorily onthese oils.3.3 Type HM Hydraulic OilsOils of HL type with im-proved anti-wear properties, fo
19、r general hydraulic systems,especially for those working at high pressures and where thepossibility of metal to metal contact between the moving partsexists. Type HM oils are usually specified for hydraulicsystems with vane pumps, or when the system is intended towork at maximum pump capacity for lo
20、ng periods of time.3.4 Type HV Hydraulic OilsOils of HM type with im-proved viscosity/temperature properties, for general hydraulicsystems where equipment is intended to operate over a widerange of ambient temperatures.4. Classification Requirements4.1 Type HHThe requirements for this type of oil ar
21、epresented in Table 1 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D 2422.4.2 Type HLThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 2 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D 2422.4.3 Type HMThe requir
22、ements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 3 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D 2422.4.4 Type HVThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 4 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classificatio
23、n D 2422.5. Inspection5.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the supplier.6. Packaging and Package Marking6.1 The material shall be suitably packaged to permitacceptance by the carrier and to afford adequate protectionfrom normal hazards of handling and shipping
24、. Packaging shallconform to applicable carrier rules and regulations.6.2 Packaging and labeling shall comply with state orfederal regulations.6.3 Each container shall be plainly marked with the manu-facturers name and brand, production code or lot number, typeof material, volume content, and any oth
25、er information re-quired by state or federal law.TABLE 1 Requirements for Type HH Mineral Oil Hydraulic FluidsTest MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysicalISO viscosity grade D 2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D 445 kinematic viscosity at40C, cSt9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.
26、8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity, # 750 cP D 2983Atemperature, /C report report report report report report report reportViscosity index D 2270 report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D 1298Breport report report report report report report reportAp
27、pearance Visual clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D 92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D 97 temperature, C, max -15 -12 -9 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6ChemicalAcid number D 974/D 664 mg
28、KOH/g, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05PerformanceElastomercompatibilityD 471 100 6 1C/288 6 2h6 2h SRE-NBR 1Elastomer (DIN53 538,Part 1 orreport report report report report report report reportAMA 524, Part 1)relative volume change,%Creport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10
29、0 to 10change in Shore Ahardness, rating Creport report 0 to 8 0 to 7 0 to 7 0 to 6 0 to 6 0 to 6APrecision of the test method for hydraulic oils at low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the test method is applicable.BTest Method D 4052 can also be used.D6158052TABLE2Requ
30、irementsforTypeHLMineralOilHydraulicFluids(RustandOxidation)TestMethodPropertiesASTM(Other)ParametersLimitsPhysical:ISO-viscositygradeD2422101522324568100150ViscosityD445kinematicviscosityat40C,cSt9.0-11.013.5-16.519.8-24.228.8-35.241.4-50.661.2-74.890.0-110135-165Viscosity,#750cPD2983Atemperature,C
31、,max-33-23-15-8-241016ViscosityindexD2270min9090909090909090SpecificgravityD1298BreportreportreportreportreportreportreportreportAppearancevisual,at20CclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightFlashpointD92temperature,C,min1251451
32、65175185195205215PourpointD97temperature,C,max-33-24-21-18-15-12-12-12Chemical:AcidNumberD974/D664mgKOHgreportreportreportreportreportreportreportreportPerformance:RustpreventionD665ACvisualevaluationpassorfailpasspasspasspasspasspasspasspassD665BCpasspasspasspasspasspasspasspassCorrosionD130copperc
33、orrosion,3hat100C,visual,max22222222WaterseparationD1401time(mins)to3mLemulsionat54C,max303030303030.time(mins)to3mLemulsionat82C,max.6060ElastomercompatibilityD4711006C/288,62hSRE-NBR1Elastomer (DIN53538,Part1orAAMA524Part1)relativevolumechange,%Dreportreport0to150to120to120to100to100to10changeinSh
34、oreAhardness,ratingDreportreport0to-80to-70to-70to-60to-60to-6FoamD892SequenceI,tendency/stability,mL,max150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0SequenceII,tendency/stability,mL,max75/075/075/075/075/075/075/075/0SequenceIII,tendency/stability,mL,max150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0Airrelease
35、D3427time,(mins.at50C,max)55551010.time,(mins.at75C,max).reportreportOxidationstabilityD943timeforacidnumberof2mgKOH/g,h,min10001000100010001000100010001000SludgetendencyD4310totalinsolublesludge,mg,max200200200200200200200200copperinoil/water/sludge,mgreportreportreportreportreportreportreportrepor
36、tThermalstabilityD2070copperappearance,visualmaxreportreportreport555reportreportsteelappearance,visualmaxreportreportreport111reportreportsludge,mg/100mL,maxreportreportreport252525reportreportAPrecisionofthetestmethodforhydraulicfuelsatlowtemperaturesisbeingimprovedbySubcommitteeD02.07.C0,butthete
37、stmethodisapplicable.BTestMethodD4052canalsobeused.CTestMethodD665soaktimeis24h.DThesenumbersareprovisional;ASTMistryingtoestablishatechnicalconsensusforpossiblerevision.D6158053TABLE3RequirementsforTypeHMMineralOilHydraulicFluids(Anti-wear)TestMethodPropertiesASTM(Other)ParametersLimitsPhysical:ISO
38、-viscositygradeD2422101522324668100150ViscosityD445kinematicviscosityat40C,cSt9.0-11.013.5-16.519.8-24.228.8-35.241.4-50.661.2-74.890.0-110135-165Viscosity#750cPD2983Atemperature,C,max-33-23-15(-8)-241016ViscosityindexD2270*min9090909090909090SpecificgravityD1298Breportreportreportreportreportreport
39、reportreportAppearanceVisual,at20CclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightclearandbrightFlashpointD92temperature,C,min125145165175185195205215PourpointD97temperature,C,max-33-24-21-18-15-12-12-12Chemical:AcidnumberD974/D664mgKOH/g,maxreportre
40、portreportreportreportreportreportreportPerformanceRustpreventionD665ACvisualevaluation,passorfailpasspasspasspasspasspasspasspassD665BCvisualevaluation,passorfailpasspasspasspasspasspasspasspassCorrosionD130coppercorrosion,3hat100C,visual,22222222maxWaterseparabilityD1401time(mins)to3mLemulsion3030
41、30303030.maxat54Ctime(mins)to3mLemulsion.6060maxat82CElastomercompatibilityD47110061C/28862hSRE-NBR1Elastomer(DIN53538,Part2orAAMA524,Part2)relativevolumechange,%Dreportreport0to150to120to120to100to100to10changeinShoreAhardness,ratingDreportreport0to-80to-70to-70to-60to-60to-6FoamD892SequenceItenden
42、cy/stabilitymLmax150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0SequenceIItendency/stabilitymLmax75/075/075/075/075/075/075/075/0SequenceIIItendency/stabilitymLmax150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0150/0AirreleaseD3427time(mins)at50C,max55551013.time(mins)at75Cmax.reportreportOxidationstabilityD943timefora
43、cidnumberof2mg10001000100010001000100010001000KOH/g,h,minSludgetendencyD4310totalinsolublesludge,mg,max200200200200200200200200copperoil/water/sludge,mgreportreportreportreportreportreportreportreportThermalstabilityD2070copperappearance,visualreportreportreport555reportreportsteelappearance,visualr
44、eportreportreport111reportreportsludge,mg/100mLreportreportreport252525reportreportWearprotectionD7043weightlossvanes+ring,mg,.reportreportreport.maxat656C/100Hweightlossvanes+ring,mg,.reportreportreportmaxat794C/100HAPrecisionofthetestmethodforhydraulicoilsatlowtemperaturesisbeingimprovedbySubcommi
45、tteeD02.07.C0,butthetestmethodisapplicable.BTestMethodD4052canalsobeused.CTestMethodD665soaktimeis24h.DThesenumbersareprovisional;ASTMistryingtoestablishatechnicalconsensusforpossiblerevision.D6158054TABLE 4 Requirements for Type HV Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Multigrade Anti-wear)Test MethodPrope
46、rties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D 2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity of fresh oil D 445 kinematic viscosity at40C, cSt9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity # 750 cP D 2983Atemperature, C, max 33 23 15 (8) 2 4 10 16L
47、ow temperatureViscosity gradeD 6080 report report report report report report report reportViscosity index offresh oilD 2270 min 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140Viscosity after shear D 6080 kinematic viscosity at40C, cStreport report report report report report report reportViscosity index aftershear
48、D 6080 report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D 1298Breport report report report report report report reportAppearance Visual, at 20C clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D
49、 92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D 97 temperature, C, max 33 24 21 18 15 12 12 12Chemical:Acid number D 974/D 664 mg KOH/g, max report report report report report report report reportPerformanceRust prevention D 665A visual evaluation, passor failpass pass pass pass pass pass pass passD 665B visual evaluation, passor failpass pass pass pass pass pass pass passCorrosion D 130 copper corrosion, 3 hat 100C, visual, max2 2222222Water separability D 1401 time
