1、Designation: D6158 10Standard Specification forMineral Hydraulic Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses ind
2、icates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in hydraulicsystems, where the performance requirements demand fluidswith one of the following characteristics:1.1.1
3、 A refined base oil (Class HH),1.1.2 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidationinhibitors (Class HL), and1.1.3 A refined mineral base oil with rust and oxidationinhibitors plus antiwear characteristics (Class HM).1.2 This specification defines the requirements of mineraloil-based hydraulic f
4、luids that are compatible with mostexisting machinery components when there is adequate main-tenance.1.3 This specification defines only new lubricating oilsbefore they are installed in the hydraulic system.1.4 This specification defines specific types of hydraulicoils. It does not include all hydra
5、ulic oils. Some oils that are notincluded may be satisfactory for certain hydraulic applications.Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit or requirea wider or narrower range of characteristics than those de-scribed herein.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No o
6、ther units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5.1 ExceptionIn X1.3.9 on Wear Protection, the valuesof pump pressure are in MPa, and the psi follows in brackets asa reference point immediately recognized by a large part of theindustry.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains to the
7、testmethods referenced in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory li
8、mitation priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-troleum Products by Copper Strip TestD445 Test Method for Kine
9、matic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Productsby Potentiometric TitrationD665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics ofInhibited Mineral Oil i
10、n the Presence of WaterD892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-ing OilsD943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhib-ited Mineral OilsD974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator TitrationD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), or
11、 API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD1401 Test Method for Water Separability of PetroleumOils and Synthetic FluidsD2070 Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic OilsD2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-matic Viscosity at 40 and 1
12、00CD2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-cosity SystemD2619 Test Method for Hydrolytic Stability of HydraulicFluids (Beverage Bottle Method)D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity ofLubricants Measured by Brookfield ViscometerD3427 Test Method forAir Release Properties o
13、f PetroleumOils1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0.10 on Specifications.Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous ed
14、ition approved in 2005 as D615805. DOI:10.1520/D6158-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copy
15、right ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging andCorrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Minera
16、l OilsD6080 Practice for Defining the Viscosity Characteristics ofHydraulic FluidsD7043 Test Method for Indicating Wear Characteristics ofNon-Petroleum and Petroleum Hydraulic Fluids in a Con-stant Volume Vane Pump3. Classification3.1 Type HH Hydraulic OilsNon-inhibited refined min-eral oils for hyd
17、raulic systems that do not have specificrequirements of oxidation stability, rust protection, or anti-wearproperties. Type HH oils are usually intended for total losssystems or very light-duty equipment.3.2 Type HL Hydraulic OilsRefined mineral oils withimproved rust protection and oxidation stabili
18、ty for hydraulicsystems where relatively high temperatures and long periods ofoperation time are expected, and where there is the possibilityof water or humidity that could rust metal parts of themachinery. These oils are intended for use in systems where nometal to metal contact is expected between
19、 the moving parts.Usually systems working at low pressures specify HL oils.Some high-pressure piston pumps can operate satisfactorily onthese oils.3.3 Type HM Hydraulic OilsOils of HL type with im-proved anti-wear properties, for general hydraulic systems,especially for those working at high pressur
20、es and where thepossibility of metal to metal contact between the moving partsexists. Type HM oils are usually specified for hydraulicsystems with vane pumps, or when the system is intended towork at maximum pump capacity for long periods of time.3.4 Type HV Hydraulic OilsOils of HM type with im-pro
21、ved viscosity/temperature properties, for general hydraulicsystems where equipment is intended to operate over a widerange of ambient temperatures.4. Classification Requirements4.1 Type HHThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 1 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150,
22、 in accordance with Classification D2422.4.2 Type HLThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 2 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.3 Type HMThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 3 and include Viscosity
23、Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D2422.4.4 Type HVThe requirements for this type of oil arepresented in Table 4 and include Viscosity Grades ISO VGfrom 10 to 150, in accordance with Classification D2422.5. Inspection5.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon be
24、tweenthe purchaser and the supplier.6. Packaging and Package Marking6.1 The material shall be suitably packaged to permitacceptance by the carrier and to afford adequate protectionfrom normal hazards of handling and shipping. Packaging shallconform to applicable carrier rules and regulations.TABLE 1
25、 Requirements for Type HH Mineral Oil Hydraulic FluidsTest MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysicalISO viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at40C, mm2/s9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity, #
26、750 cP D2983Atemperature, /C report report report report report report report reportViscosity index D2270 report report report report report report report reportSpecific gravity D1298Breport report report report report report report reportAppearance Visual clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrig
27、htclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97 temperature, C, max -15 -12 -9 -6 -6 -6 -6 -6ChemicalAcid number D974/D 664 mg KOH/g, max 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05PerformanceE
28、lastomercompatibilityD471 100 6 1C/288 6 2h6 2h SRE-NBR 1Elastomer (DIN53 538,Part 1 orreport report report report report report report reportAMA 524, Part 1)relative volume change,%Creport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore Ahardness, rating Creport report 0 to 8
29、0 to 7 0 to 7 0 to 6 0 to 6 0 to 6APrecision of the test method for hydraulic oils at low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the test method is applicable.BTest Method D4052 can also be used.D6158 102TABLE 2 Requirements for Type HL Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Rust and O
30、xidation)Test MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 45 68 100 150Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at 40C, mm2/s 9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity, # 750 cP D2983Atemperature, C, max -33 -23 -
31、15 -8 -2 4 10 16Viscosity index D2270 min 90 909090 90 90 90 90Specific gravity D1298Breport report report report report report report reportAppearance visual, at 20C clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D
32、92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97 temperature, C, max -33 -24 -21 -18 -15 -12 -12 -12Chemical:Acid Number D974/D 664 mg KOHg report report report report report report report reportPerformance:Rust prevention D665ACvisual evaluation pass or fail pass pass pass pass
33、pass pass pass passD665BCpass pass pass pass pass pass pass passCorrosion D130 copper corrosion, 3 h at 100C, visual,max2 222 2 2 2 2Water separation D1401 time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 54C, max 30 30 30 30 30 30 . .time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion at 82C, max . . . . . . 60 60Elastomer compatibility
34、D471 100 6 C/288, 6 2 h SRE-NBR 1Elastomer(DIN 53 538, Part 1 or AAMA 524 Part 1)relative volume change, %Dreport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore A hardness, ratingDreport report 0 to -8 0 to -7 0 to -7 0 to -6 0 to -6 0 to -6Foam D892 Sequence I, tendency/stabi
35、lity, mL, max 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0Sequence II, tendency/stability, mL, max 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0Sequence III, tendency/stability, mL, max 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0Air release D3427 time, (mins. at 50C, max) 5 5 5 5 10 10 . .time, (mi
36、ns. at 75C, max) . . . . . . report reportOxidation stability D943 time for acid number of 2 mg KOH/g, h,min1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000Sludge tendency D4310 total insoluble sludge, mg, max 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200copper in oil/water/sludge, mg report report report report report re
37、port report reportThermal stability D2070 copper appearance, visual max report report report 5 5 5 report reportsteel appearance, visual max report report report 1 1 1 report reportsludge, mg/100 mL, max report report report 25 25 25 report reportAPrecision of the test method for hydraulic fuels at
38、low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the test method is applicable.BTest Method D4052 can also be used.CTest Method D665 soak time is 24 h.DThese numbers are provisional; ASTM is trying to establish a technical consensus for possible revision.D6158103TABLE 3 Requirements
39、 for Type HM Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Anti-wear)Test MethodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity D445 kinematic viscosity at 40C, mm2/s 9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity #
40、 750 cP D2983Atemperature, C, max -33 -23 -15 (-8) -2 4 10 16Viscosity index D2270 *min 90 909090 90 90 90 90Specific gravity D1298Breport report report report report report report reportAppearance Visual, at 20C clear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbrightclear andbri
41、ghtclear andbrightclear andbrightFlash point D92 temperature, C, min 125 145 165 175 185 195 205 215Pour point D97 temperature, C, max -33 -24 -21 -18 -15 -12 -12 -12Chemical:Acid number D974/D 664 mg KOH/g, max report report report report report report report reportPerformanceRust prevention D665AC
42、visual evaluation, pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passD665BCvisual evaluation, pass or fail pass pass pass pass pass pass pass passCorrosion D130 copper corrosion, 3 h at 100C, visual, 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2maxWater separability D1401 time (mins) to 3 mL emulsion 30 30 30 30 30 30 . .max a
43、t 54Ctime (mins) to 3 mL emulsion . . . . . . 60 60max at 82CElastomer compatibility D471 100 6 1C/288 6 2hSRE-NBR 1 Elastomer(DIN53 538, Part 2 or AAMA 524,Part 2)relative volume change, %Dreport report 0 to 15 0 to 12 0 to 12 0 to 10 0 to 10 0 to 10change in Shore A hardness, ratingDreport report
44、0 to -8 0 to -7 0 to -7 0 to -6 0 to -6 0 to -6Foam D892 Sequence I tendency/stability mL max 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0Sequence II tendency/stability mL max 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0 75/0Sequence III tendency/stability mL max 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 150/0 1
45、50/0Air release D3427 time (mins) at 50C, max 5 5 5 5 10 13 . .time (mins) at 75C max . . . . . . report reportOxidation stability D943 time for acid number of 2 mg 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000KOH/g, h, minSludge tendency D4310 total insoluble sludge, mg, max 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 2
46、00copper oil/water/sludge, mg report report report report report report report reportThermal stability D2070 copper appearance, visual report report report 5 5 5 report reportsteel appearance, visual report report report 1 1 1 report reportsludge, mg/100 mL report report report 25 25 25 report repor
47、tWear protection D7043 weight loss vanes + ring, mg, . . report report report . . .max at 65 6C/100Hweight loss vanes + ring, mg, . . . . . report report reportmax at 79 4C/100HAPrecision of the test method for hydraulic oils at low temperatures is being improved by Subcommittee D02.07.C0, but the t
48、est method is applicable.BTest Method D4052 can also be used.CTest Method D665 soak time is 24 h.DThese numbers are provisional; ASTM is trying to establish a technical consensus for possible revision.D6158104TABLE 4 Requirements for Type HV Mineral Oil Hydraulic Fluids (Multigrade Anti-wear)Test Me
49、thodProperties ASTM (Other) Parameters LimitsPhysical:ISO-viscosity grade D2422 10 15 22 32 46 68 100 150Viscosity of fresh oil D445 kinematic viscosity at40C, mm2/s9.0-11.0 13.5-16.5 19.8-24.2 28.8-35.2 41.4-50.6 61.2-74.8 90.0-110 135-165Viscosity # 750 cP D2983Atemperature, C, max 33 23 15 (8) 2 4 10 16Low temperatureViscosity gradeD6080 report report report report report report report reportViscosity index offresh oilD2270 min 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140Viscosity after shear D6080 kinematic viscosity at40C, mm2/srepo
