1、Designation: D6210 10Standard Specification forFully-Formulated Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines1, 2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the requirements for fully-formulated glycol base coolants for cooling systems of heav
3、y-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % glycolconcentration by volume in water of suitable quality, (seeAppendix X1), or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants(50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution,they will function effectively during both winter and summer to
4、provide protection against corrosion, cavitation, freezing, andboiling.1.2 This specification is intended to cover the requirementsfor engine coolants prepared from virgin or recycled ethyleneor propylene glycol.NOTE 1Committee D15 has not substantially studied the impact ofusing recycled glycols fr
5、om sources such as: glycol bottoms polyester manufacturing waste aircraft and runway deicers medical wasteto prepare engine coolants. However, several serious cases of very poor perfor-mance have been reported and substantiated in heavy duty fleets when recycledglycols from sources such as above hav
6、e been used to prepare engine coolants.Efforts are underway to more clearly define the purity requirements for glycolsused to prepare engine coolants meeting this specification, whether from recycledengine coolants or other sources.1.3 The coolants governed by this specification are catego-rized as
7、follows:Coolant Type DescriptionI-FF Ethylene glycol base concentrateII-FF Propylene glycol base concentrateIII-FF Ethylene glycol predilute (50 vol %)IV-FF Propylene glycol predilute (50 vol %)1.4 Coolant concentrates meeting this specification do notrequire any addition of Supplemental Coolant Add
8、itive (SCA)until the first maintenance interval when a maintenance dose ofSCA is required to continue protection in certain heavy dutyengine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinderliner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by andare the primary responsibility of the engine
9、manufacturer orvehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, followthe SCA suppliers instructions.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,
10、 if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1126 Test Method for Hardness in WaterD1293
11、 Test Methods for pH of WaterD3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant forAutomobile and Light-Duty ServiceD4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by ChemicallySuppressed Ion ChromatographyD5828 Test Method for Compatibility of SupplementalCoolant Additives (SCAs) and Engine Coolant Concen-tr
12、atesD7583 Test Method for John Deere Coolant Cavitation Test2.2 Other Standards:4Federal Method 2540B Total Dissolved Solids Dried at103105C1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.07 on Specifications.C
13、urrent edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6210 - 08. DOI:10.1520/D6210-10.2A research report is available from ASTM International Headquarters. RequestRR:D15-1023.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
14、 website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, AmericanPublic Health Association, et al, 101
15、5 15th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 200051*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. General Requirements3.1 Concentrated and prediluted coolants shall meet all
16、ofthe physical, chemical and performance requirements of Speci-fication D3306., Tables 1, 2, and 3.3.2 The coolant concentrate mixed with water or the predi-luted coolant, when maintained with maintenance doses ofSCAin accordance with the engine manufacturers recommen-dations, and those on the produ
17、ct label, shall be suitable for usein a properly maintained cooling system in normal service fora minimum of two years (see Appendix X1).4. Additional Requirements4.1 The coolant concentrate or prediluted coolant addition-ally shall provide protection in operating engines againstcavitation corrosion
18、 (also termed liner pitting) and againstscaling of internal engine hot surfaces. Hot surfaces typicallyare within the engine head, head spacer, upper cylinder liner, orliquid cooled exhaust manifold. ASTM has test methods underdevelopment for both cavitation corrosion and hot surfacescaling. Until t
19、hese procedures are approved as ASTM stan-dards, the mandatory requirements of Annex A1 shall apply.4.2 Lack of compatibility between the coolant and SCAproducts chemistry may cause the solute to precipitate out ofsolution, with potential adverse effects in the vehicle or enginecooling system. A tes
20、t procedure for compatibility (TestMethod D5828) has been developed and approved. The com-patibility of SCA and coolant concentrate solutions meetingthis specification shall be determined using D5828 and theresults reported.4.3 Both the concentrated and prediluted coolants shallcontain less than 50
21、g/g sulfate ion.5. Keywords5.1 cavitation; fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant;supplemental coolant additive maintenance doseANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR FULLY FORMULATED HEAVY DUTY ENGINE COOLANTA1.1 Laboratory data or in-service experience demonstrat-ing a positive influ
22、ence on reducing cavitation corrosion in anoperating engine is required. See Table A1.1.A1.1.1 In-service qualification tests may consist of single-or multiple-cylinder engine tests.At the option of the engine orvehicle manufacturer, such testing may be conducted in “looseengines” or in engines full
23、y integrated into an application, suchas a vehicle, a power boat, or a stationary power source. Onesuch test has been developed.5A1.1.2 Coolants that have completed the Test MethodD7583 (laboratory test method to demonstrate coolant cavita-tion performance) test with a maximum pit count of 200 arere
24、garded as passing the requirements of A1.1.A1.1.3 Several chemical compositions have been testedextensively by producers and users and satisfactorily minimizecylinder liner cavitation in actual test engines. Coolants meet-ing either of the following compositions are regarded aspassing the requiremen
25、ts of A1.1:A1.1.3.1 A minimum concentration of nitrite (as NO2)of1200 g/g (ppm) in the 50 volume % predilute coolant, orA1.1.3.2 A minimum combined concentration of nitrite (asNO2) plus molybdate (as MoO42) in the 50 volume %predilute coolant of 780 g/g (ppm). At least 300 g/g (ppm)each of NO2and Mo
26、O42must be present.A1.1.3.3 The above concentrations are doubled for coolantconcentrates.A1.2 Both concentrated and prediluted coolants under thisspecification must contain additives to minimize hot surfacescaling deposits. Certain additives (polyacrylate and othertypes) minimize the deposition of c
27、alcium and magnesiumcompounds on heat rejecting surfaces. No specific chemicalrequirements for hot surface scaling and deposits resistance5“A Comparison of Engine Coolant in an Accelerated Heavy-Duty EngineCavitation Test,” SAE Technical Paper 960883, SAE International, 400 Common-wealth Drive, Warr
28、endale, PA 150960001.TABLE A1.1 Cavitation Protection Options Meeting theRequirements of A1.1Utilize one of theFollowingPrediluteorConcentrateAcceptance CriteriaIn-service test peragreementagreement betweenengine manufacturer andcoolant supplier for testcriteriaLaboratory test(D7583)per testedformul
29、ationmaximum 200 pit countmeasured per TestMethod D7583ChemicalCompositionNitrite formulation predilute nitrite (as NO2) of 1200g/g (ppm) minimumNitrite formulation concentrate nitrite (as NO2) of 2400g/g (ppm) minimumCombined nitriteand molybdateformulationpredilute combined concentration ofnitrite
30、 (as NO2) plusmolybdate as (MoO42)of780 g/g (ppm) minimum.At least 300 g/g (ppm)each of NO2and MoO42must be presentCombined nitriteand molybdateformulationconcentrate combined concentration ofnitrite (as NO2) plusmolybdate (as MoO42)of1560 g/g (ppm)minimum. At least 600g/g (ppm) each ofNO2and MoO42m
31、ust bepresentD6210 102have been established at this time. A test procedure is underdevelopment and will be incorporated into the specificationwhen a procedure is approved by ASTM.APPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. COOLANT MAINTENANCE FOR HEAVY DUTY ENGINESX1.1 Engine CoolantCooling system fill fo
32、r a heavy dutyengine consists of water and fully formulated heavy dutycoolant concentrate or fully formulated prediluted heavy dutycoolant.X1.1.1 Water:X1.1.1.1 Water quality affects the efficiency of coolantadditives. When untreated, all water is corrosive. Water havinga high mineral content or cor
33、rosive materials is unfit forcooling system use.X1.1.1.2 When preparing coolant mixtures, the watershould be of such quality that it does not contain excessivesolids, hardness salts, sulfates, or chlorides. In the absence ofspecific recommendations from the engine or vehicle manu-facture, see Table
34、X1.1. Contact your local water department,the responsible government agency, or submit a water samplefor analysis if there is a question on water quality.X1.1.2 Coolant Concentrates:X1.1.2.1 The coolant concentration should be maintainedbetween 40 and 60 % glycol by volume, depending on theengine op
35、erating environment. Freeze protection will be pro-vided in accordance with Table X1.2.X1.1.3 Prediluted Engine Coolants:X1.1.3.1 Prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume% minimum) should be used without further dilution. Ifadditional freeze protection is required, coolant concentratemay be
36、 added to the prediluted engine coolant to increase thetotal glycol content in the cooling system (see Table X1.2)X1.1.4 Supplemental Coolant Additive:X1.1.4.1 SCAs extend the life of the coolant by replenishingthe additives that deplete during normal operation. SCAs,however, do not extend the freez
37、e protection provided by thecoolant concentrate.X1.1.4.2 Heavy-duty engine users experience has shownthat coolants not meeting the criteria specified inA1.1 may notprovide long term protection against cavitation corrosion (linerpitting). User experience and published information shows thepresence of
38、 nitrite in an SCA or fully-formulated heavy-dutycoolant is particularly effective in providing maximum protec-tion.X1.1.4.3 New technology consisting of other chemistriesmay provide satisfactory protection. Such chemistries can beestablished by agreement between producers and users upondemonstratio
39、n of performance utilizing Test Method D7583.Optionally, such demonstrations can consist of comparativedamage rating from testing in operating engines. One or bothof these options may be applied as determined in a specificagreement between parties.X1.2 Coolant Maintenance Recommendations:X1.2.1 If a
40、ny of the following recommendations differ,follow the engine or vehicle manufacturers recommendations.X1.2.2 Use the coolant concentration recommended in thisspecification.X1.2.3 Drain and flush the cooling system as recommendedby the engine or vehicle manufacturer.X1.2.4 Use water that meets the re
41、quirement in Table X1.1.X1.2.5 Use accurate, reliable equipment, such as a refrac-tometer, to measure coolant concentrate levels for freezeprotections.X1.2.6 Use the SCA manufacturers recommended test kitwhen testing the coolant for proper additive concentration. Testkits shall indicate the degree o
42、f liner pitting protection presentin the coolant.X1.2.7 Check freezing point at two different levels whencoolant concentrate and water is premixed and stored in bulk ordrums to be sure mixing is complete before use.X1.2.8 Use coolant mixed at the desired proportions formake-up.X1.2.9 Use SCAs at the
43、 recommended maintenance dosageand intervals to control deposits, corrosion, water pumpdamage, and liner pitting.X1.2.10 Periodically check bulk premixed coolant storagetanks for separation of chemicals and contamination.X1.2.11 DO NOT add undiluted coolant concentrate asmake-up coolant for coolant
44、Types I-FF and II-FF.X1.2.12 DO NOT add plain water as make-up coolant.TABLE X1.1 Suggested Water Quality LimitsAProperty Specific Values Test MethodTotal solids, g/g (ppm (grains/gal)340 (20) max Fed Method 2540BBTotal hardness, g/g (ppm(grains/gal)170 (10) max D1126Chloride (Cl), g/g (ppm (grains/
45、gal)40 (2.4) max D4327Sulfate (SO4), g/g (ppm (grains/gal)100 (5.9) max D4327pH 5.5 to 9.0 D1293AAdopted from a survey by the D15 Water Quality Task Force.BFederal Method 2540B, “Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 103105C.”4TABLE X1.2 Freeze ProtectionApproximate Freeze Protection Temperature, C (F)Gly
46、col Content, % Coolant Type I-FF Coolant Type II-FF40 24 (12) 21 (6)50 37 (34) 32 (26)60 52 (62) 48 (54)D6210 103X1.2.13 DO NOT exceed 60 % coolant concentrate in TypeI-FF and Type II-FF coolants. A coolant concentrate levelgreater than 68 % actually reduces freeze protection in ethyl-ene glycol bas
47、e coolants. The maximum recommended coolantconcentrate level is 60 % which provides the freeze protectionshown in X1.1.2.X1.2.14 DO NOT exceed the manufacturers recommendeddosage of SCA or the recommended concentration of coolantconcentrate. Over-concentration can result in plugged radia-tors, heate
48、r cores, and charge air coolers and can also causewater pump seal leaks.X1.2.15 DO NOT reuse coolant that has been drained froma vehicle.X1.2.16 DO NOT precharge the cooling system with SCAwhen using fully-formulated heavy-duty engine coolant.X1.2.17 DO NOT use soluble oil additives.X1.2.18 DO NOT u
49、se methyl alcohol or methoxypropanolbase coolant concentrates.X1.2.19 DO NOT use anti-leak additives if engine coolingsystem is equipped with a coolant filter, as this may plug thefilter element. For all other cooling systems, follow therecommendations of the engine or vehicle manufacturer.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D15 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D621008)that may impact the use of this standard.(1) The newly adopted ASTM Test Method D7583 was addedto the list
