1、Designation: D6388 99 (Reapproved 2012)D6388 18Standard Practice forTests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geonets toLiquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice describes procedures for testing geonet products for chemical resistance with liquid
3、wastes, prepared chemicalsolutions, or leachates, or both, derived from solid wastes.1.2 This practice describes test methods for measuring changes in mass, dimensions, tensile and hydraulic properties, and otheroptional physical and mechanical properties caused by immersion in test solutions, which
4、 may be representative of anticipated enduse end-use conditions. This practice may be used to assess the extent to which a products as-manufactured properties are affectedby such immersion.1.3 This practice is intended to be used in conjunction with PracticesPractice D5322 or D5496. The scope of thi
5、s practice islimited to testing and reporting procedures for unexposed and exposed geonet samples.1.4 Evaluation or interpretation of test data is beyond the scope of this practice.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the re
6、sponsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 7 for specific hazards statements.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance
7、with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard
8、s:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by Extrusion PlastometerD1621 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD3895 Test M
9、ethod for Oxidative-Induction Time of Polyolefins by Differential Scanning CalorimetryD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by the Wide-Width Strip MethodD4716D4716/D4716M Test Method for Determining the (In-plane) Flow Rate per Unit Width and Hyd
10、raulic Transmissivity ofa Geosynthetic Using a Constant HeadD5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness of GeosyntheticsD5322 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Procedures for Evaluating the Chemical Resist
11、ance of Geosynthetics to LiquidsD5397 Test Method for Evaluation of Stress Crack Resistance of Polyolefin Geomembranes Using Notched Constant TensileLoad TestD5496 Practice for In Field Immersion Testing of GeosyntheticsD5747D5747/D5747M Practice for Tests to Evaluate the Chemical Resistance of Geom
12、embranes to Liquids1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.02 on Endurance Properties.Current edition approved July 1, 2012March 15, 2018. Published July 2012. April 2018. Originally approved in 1999. Last
13、previous edition approved in 20052012 asD638899(2005).D6388 99 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D6388-99R12.10.1520/D6388-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the
14、standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accu
15、rately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United Sta
16、tes1D5885/D5885M Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Polyolefin Geosynthetics by High-Pressure Differential ScanningCalorimetry2.2 EPA Standards:EPA/600/288/052 Lining of Waste Containment and Other Impoundment Facilities3EPA 9090 Compatibility Test for Wastes and Membrane Liners43. Terminol
17、ogy3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 chemical resistance, nfor geosynthetics, the extent to which a material or product retains its original physical andchemical characteristics as a function of immersion in, or contact with, a foreign substance (see Practice D5747D5747/D5747M).3.1.2 geonet, na geosynthetic con
18、sisting of integrally connected parallel sets of ribs overlying similar sets at various anglesfor planar drainage of liquids or gases (see Terminology D4439).3.1.3 geosynthetic, na planar product manufactured from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other geotechnicalengineering relat
19、ed material as an integral part of a manmade project, structure, or system (see Terminology D4439).3.1.4 specimen, na specific portion of a material or laboratory sample upon which a test is performed or which is taken forthat purpose (see Terminology D4439).3.1.5 For definitions of terms used in th
20、is practice, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.4. Summary of Practice4.1 This practice defines test methods and procedures for evaluating the resistance of geonet to liquid exposure by monitoringphysical and chemical properties of geonet specimens immersed in a test liquid. The physical conditio
21、n of the geonet is monitoredas a function of cumulative exposure time by means of dimensional measurements and physical and chemical property tests.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice is intended to provide a list of standard procedures for test programs for investigating the chemical resistanc
22、eof a geonet with a liquid waste, leachate, or chemical. This practice should be used in the absence of other specifications requiredfor the particular situation being addressed.5.2 Chemical resistance, as used in this practice, is not a quantifiable term. This practice is intended to provide a basi
23、s ofstandardization for those wishing to compare or investigate the chemical resistance of a geonet. It should be recognized thatchemical resistance is a user judgment evaluation and that this practice does not offer procedures for interpreting the resultsobtained from test procedures contained here
24、in. As a practice, a test result is not produced.5.3 This practice is for the chemical resistance assessment of geonets and is written in parallel to similar practices forgeomembranes, geogrids, geotextiles, and geopipes. Each practice is to be considered individually for the geosynthetic underinves
25、tigation and collectively for all geosynthetics exposed to the potentially harsh chemical environment under consideration.6. Apparatus6.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0.001 g.6.2 Measuring Equipment, such as scales or calipers, suitable for determining dimensions of geon
26、et specimens.6.3 All other required equipment is specified in the referenced test methods. Refer to the appropriate standards for a descriptionof the apparatus necessary to perform those tests.7. HazardsNOTE 1Warning:The solutions used in this practice may contain hazardous chemicals. Appropriate pr
27、ecautions must be taken when handlinghazardous waste, chemicals, and the immersion solutions. Protective equipment suitable for the chemicals being used must be worn by all personnelhandling or exposed to the chemicals. Particular care should be taken when opening storage vessels at elevated tempera
28、tures due to the increased volatilityof organics and the increased activity of acids and bases. Care also must be taken to prevent the spilling of hazardous materials, and provisions must bemade to clean up any accidental spills that do occur.7.1 Before carrying out any test, safety precautions and
29、disposal procedures for hazardous waste, chemicals, or immersionsolutions, and any contaminated geonet materials, should be identified and implemented to provide full protection to all personneland to comply with applicable disposal regulations.8. Sampling8.1 Determine the number and dimensions of t
30、he test specimens according to the requirements of the dimensional measurementsand physical/polymer property tests to be performed, the duration of the immersion, and the number of test intervals.3 Available from the National Technical Information Service, PB89129670.4 Available from the Superintend
31、ent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.D6388 182NOTE 2In contrast to other related chemical resistance test practices, this practice provides for the preparation of individual test specimens directlyfrom roll materials instead of prepared samples or exposure coupons,
32、 or both. These test specimens then are used for subsequent exposure and testing.8.2 Sample in accordance with respective test methods selected.8.3 Cut individual test specimens in eachboth the machine and transverse directions from stock roll material.8.4 Mix or shuffle in a random fashion, and the
33、n select pre-cut, randomly mixed specimens for assignment to unexposed(baseline) testing or immersion in test solutions for testing after exposure.8.5 Cut individual test specimens for dimension and mass measurements. Specimens may be of any size for which accurate andrepeatable measurements can be
34、made, compatible with the immersion tank. Cut specimens from sheet stock using a die toassureensure consistency of dimensions.NOTE 3Square specimens 152.4 by 152.4 mm (6 by 6 in.) have been found to be satisfactory for dimensional and mass measurements. The sameindividual specimens may be used for l
35、ength, width, thickness, and weight change measurements, if desired. Multiple dimensional measurements maybe made on a given specimen and averaged to obtain a representative basis for comparison.9. Conditioning9.1 Condition geonet test specimens at a temperature of 21 6 2C2 C (70 6 4F)4 F) and relat
36、ive humidity between 50 and70 % for a period not less than 40 h 40 h prior to weighing, or baseline testing and immersion, or a combination thereof.10. Procedure10.1 Immerse the geonet specimens in the test solution as specified in PracticesPractice D5322 or D5496.10.2 Immerse a sufficient number of
37、 specimens to perform the required testing for each of the immersion periods.10.3 Immerse additional pieces of geonet for dimensional changes and volatile loss for each immersion period. Record theweight of the specimens to an accuracy of at least 0.1 % of the specimens weight. Record the thickness
38、of the specimens to anaccuracy of 0.0025 mm (0.0001 in.).10.4 Remove a sufficient number of specimens at the prescribed test period for the required testing. Rinse each specimen withdeionized water and blot dry with water-absorbent, lint-free towels to remove any visible liquid residue on the specim
39、en surface.Elevated temperature specimens should be allowed to cool to room temperature in a sample of immersion fluid. Specimens shouldbe stored in an airtight container or bag with as little air as possible when not being used or tested in order to minimizemoisture,moisture or volatile loss, or bo
40、th.10.5 The tests to be performed on the geonet specimens are listed in Sections 11 and 12. The tests consist of required testingto be done on the geonet and recommended testing to be performed at the discretion of the user. Recommended tests should beconducted whenever possible, as this data will a
41、id in the interpretation of the final test results. All the tests should be completedon the unexposed geonet, as well as the exposed material after each test period. Twice as many specimens as listed below shallbe tested on the unexposed material in order to increase precision of baseline data.10.6
42、Testing (except the extractables test) of the geonet exposed to the test fluid must be done within 24 h of removal from thetest solution.11. Required Testing, All Geonets11.1 Weight ChangeAfter each period, remove three preweighed specimens of geonet from the test fluid, quickly blot dry withwater-a
43、bsorbent, lint-free towels to remove any visible liquid residue on the specimen, and weigh to the nearest 0.001 g. Calculatethe percent weight change to the nearest 0.1 %.11.2 Dimensional ChangesMeasure thickness as directed in Test Method D5199, to the nearest 0.0025 mm (0.0001 in.) atthree pre-mar
44、ked locations on the specimens designated for measurement of weight before and after immersion. Measure lengthand width (in both machine and transverse directions) at two locations on the geonet specimens designated for dimension testingbefore and after immersion. Calculate percent changes to the ne
45、arest 0.1 %.11.3 Visual ObservationsDescribe the test specimens before and after immersion. Observations of visual appearance can helpin the interpretation of data and may explain anomalous test results.Appearance items to be considered may include a change fromoriginal color, as well as, curling, s
46、welling, or other gross specimen changes.11.4 Tensile PropertiesDetermine tensile properties of unexposed and exposed geonet in accordance with Test Methods-Method D5035. Use specimens 50.8 mm 50.8 mm wide by 152.4 mm long (2 by 6 in.), allowing a 50.2-mm (2-in.) gage lengthwith a 50.8 mm (2 in.) wi
47、de span. Test at 127 mm/min (5 in./min). Test five samples in each direction (machine and transverse).Determine maximum strength and percent elongation at maximum strength.11.5 Determine hydraulic transmissivity for unexposed and exposed geonet in accordance with Test Method D4716D4716/D4716M.D6388
48、183NOTE 4The value of test parameters for the transmissivity determination, including hydraulic gradient(s), normal stress(es), and seating time shouldbe specified by the user of this practice.11.6 Determine compressive load/deflection properties of unexposed and exposed geonet in accordance with Te
49、st MethodD1621, Procedure A. Cut and test three test specimens 150 by 150 mm (6.0 by 6.0 in.). Apply loading at a constant rate ofdeformation of 1 mm/min (0.04 in./min).11.7 Determine volatiles content of geonet using the procedure in EPA/600/288/052, Appendix E.11.8 Determine extractables content of geonet using the procedure in EPA/600/288/052, Appendix E.11.9 Determine specific gravity in accordance with Test Methods D792, Method A.12. Recommended Testing, All Geonets12.1 Wide Width Tensile Properties, modifiedModified for testingTesting of geonetsGeo
