1、Designation: D6525/D6525M 17D6525/D6525M 18Standard Test Method forMeasuring Nominal Thickness of Rolled Erosion ControlProducts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6525/D6525M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case o
2、f revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the nominal thickness of rolled erosion control pro
3、ducts.1.2 This test method does not provide thickness values for rolled erosion control products under variable compressive stresses.This test method determines nominal thickness, not necessarily minimum thickness.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separa
4、tely as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concer
5、ns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordanc
6、e with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standa
7、rds:2D4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs) for TestingE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method3. Terminology3.1 Defini
8、tions:3.1.1 pressure, nthe force or load per unit area.3.1.2 thickness(1) the distance between one planar surface and its opposite parallel and planar surface; (2) in rolled erosioncontrol products, the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the material, measured under a specified pressur
9、e and time.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The nominal thickness of rolled erosion control products is determined by observing the perpendicular distance that amovable plane is displaced from a parallel surface by the rolled erosion control product while under a specified pressure of 0.2 kPa0.029 psi f
10、or 5 s.5. Significance and Use5.1 Thickness is one of the basic physical properties used to control the quality of rolled erosion control products. Thicknessvalues may aid in the calculation of other rolled erosion control product parameters. Thickness howeverThickness, however, is not1 This test me
11、thod is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.05 on Geosynthetic ErosionControl.Current edition approved July 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2018. Published July 2017February 2018. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approve
12、d in 20162017 asD6525/D6525M 16.D6525/D6525M 17. DOI: 10.1520/D6525_D6525M-17.10.1520/D6525_D6525M-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards D
13、ocument Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, AST
14、M recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1general
15、ly an indication of field performance and generally should not be used in specifications. This test method is developed toaid manufacturers, designers, and end users in comparing the thickness of rolled erosion control products through the use of anaccepted ASTM standard.5.2 The thickness of rolled
16、erosion control products may vary considerably depending on the pressure applied to the specimenduring measurement. Where observed changes occur, thickness decreases when applied pressure is increased. To minimizevariation, specific sample size and applied pressure are indicated in this test method
17、to ensure all results are comparable.5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of rolled erosion control products, but cautionis advised since information on between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests in accordance with 5.3.1 may beadvised.5.3
18、.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing ofcommercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical biasbetween their laboratories. Competent statis
19、tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.AsAt a minimum, the twoparties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are formed from a lot of material ofthe type in question. The test specimens should be randomly assigned in equal numbers to
20、 each laboratory for testing. The averageresults from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability levelchosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purcha
21、serand supplier must agree to interpret future tests in light of the known bias.NOTE 1The user should be aware that the compressibility of the materials, their rebound characteristics, and the like will also affect the thicknessof the rolled erosion control products following the time they are rolle
22、d up on rolls, shipped, and stored.6. Apparatus6.1 Thickness Testing InstrumentThe thickness gauge shall have a base (or anvil) and a free-moving presser foot plate whoseplanar faces are parallel to each other to 0.1 mm. A gauge with a 150.0-mm 6.00-in. diameter presser foot, the base of whichshall
23、extend at least 10 mm in all directions furtherfarther than the edge of the approximately 17 500-mm2 circular presser foot,shall be used for measurements of rolled erosion control products. The instrument must be capable of measuring a maximumthickness of at least 25 mm 1 in. to an accuracy of 60.02
24、5 mm 0.001 in. The gauge shall be constructed to permit gradualapplication of pressure to a specific force of 0.2 6 0.02 kPa 0.029 6 0.003 psi for rolled erosion control products. Dead weightloading may be used.6.2 Cutting DiesDies to cut specimens should have dimensions at least as large as a circl
25、e 200.0 mm 8.00 in. in diameter.NOTE 2Due to compressibility of many rolled erosion control products, the cutting and handling preparation may change the thickness. Care shouldbe exercised to minimize these effects.6.3 ScissorsA sharp pair of scissors may be used in place of cutting dies.7. Sampling
26、7.1 Lot SampleIn the absence of other guidelines, divide the product into lots and take lot samples in accordance with PracticeD4354.7.2 Laboratory SampleFor the laboratory sample, take a full-width sample of sufficient length in the machine direction so thatthe required size and number of specimens
27、 can be obtained. Exclude the inner and outer layers or wraps of the roll or any materialcontaining folds, crushed areas, or other distortions not representative of the sampled lot.7.3 Remove test specimens from the laboratory sample so that each specimen will contain different machine and cross-mac
28、hineelements with no specimen taken nearer than 100 mm 4 in. from the roll sides or ends, unless otherwise specified.7.4 Test SpecimensSpecimen size shall be sufficient to assureensure that the edge of the specimen will extend beyond the edgeof the presser foot by 10 mm 0.39 in. in all directions.7.
29、5 Number of SpecimensUnless otherwise agreed upon, as when provided in an applicable material specification, take thenumber of test specimens per laboratory sample as follows:7.5.1 Reliable Estimate of vWhen there is a reliable estimate of v based upon extensive part records for similar materialstes
30、ted in the users laboratory as directed in this test method, calculate the required number of specimens as follows so that theuser may expect at the 95 % probability level that the test result is not more than 5.0 % of the average above or below the averageof the sample:n 5 t v A!2 (1)where:n = numb
31、er of test specimens (rounded upward to a whole number),v = the coefficient of variation of individual observations on similar materials in the users laboratory under conditions of singleoperation precision, %,D6525/D6525M 182v = coefficient of variation of individual observations on similar materia
32、ls in the users laboratory under conditions ofsingle-operator precision, %,t = value of Students t for one-sided limits, a 95 % probability level, and the degrees of freedom associated with the estimateof v (see Table 1), andA = 5.0 % of the average, the value of the allowable variation.7.5.2 No Rel
33、iable Estimate of vWhen there is no reliable estimate of v for the users laboratory, measurements shall be madeon a minimum of ten (10) specimens per laboratory sample.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens to the moisture and temperature equilibrium in the atmosphere for testing rolled erosion cont
34、rolproducts, that is, a temperature of 21 6 2 C 70 6 4 F and a relative humidity of 60 6 10 %.9. Procedure9.1 Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmosphere specified in 8.1.9.2 Handle the test specimens carefully to avoid altering the natural state of the material.9.3 With force applied
35、to the presser foot on the base (no test specimen present), zero the measuring scale or record the basereading. Lift the presser foot, center the test specimen on the base under the presser foot, and bring the presser foot into the contactwith the material. Gradually increase the pressure to 0.2 kPa
36、 0.029 psi. After the full force has been applied to the presser footfor 5 s against the specimen, record the thickness to the nearest 0.025 mm 0.001 in. and remove the specimen from the test device.9.4 Repeat the method for each of the remaining specimens.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the average o
37、f the thickness for all test results as read directly from the test instrument.11. Report11.1 Report the following information for the nominal thickness:11.1.1 Project, type of rolled erosion control product tested, and method of sampling,11.1.2 Name or description of thickness apparatus used for te
38、sting,11.1.3 Dimensions of the presser foot and of the specimen to the accuracy recorded in 6.1 and 6.2,11.1.4 Loading time interval,11.1.5 Number of tests,11.1.6 Average nominal thickness to the accuracy recorded in 9.3,11.1.7 Coefficient of variation of thickness in the sample, in percent (optiona
39、l), and11.1.8 Any unusual or out-of-standard conditions or observations made during the tests.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method is based on antwo interlaboratory studystudies of Test Method D6525,conducted in 2013. Eight 2013 and 2014. Seven laboratories participa
40、ted in this the 2013 study and five laboratories participatedin the 2014 study. Each of the labs reported three replicate test results for two different types of mats and a double net blanket.TABLE 1 Values of Students t for One-Sided Limits and the 95 %Probabilitydf One-Sided df One-Sided df One-Si
41、ded1 6.314 11 1.796 22 1.7172 2.920 12 1.782 24 1.7113 2.353 13 1.771 26 1.7064 2.132 14 1.761 28 1.7015 2.015 15 1.753 30 1.6976 1.943 16 1.746 40 1.6847 1.895 17 1.740 50 1.6768 1.860 18 1.734 60 1.6719 1.833 19 1.729 120 1.65810 1.812 20 1.725 1.645D6525/D6525M 183each of the tested RECPs. Every
42、“test result” reported represents the average of ten measurements taken from a sample. PracticeE691 was followed for the design and analysis of the data; the details are given inASTM Research Report No.Nos. RR:D35-10203and RR:D35-1025.412.1.1 Repeatability (r(r)The difference between repetitive resu
43、lts obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus under constant operating conditions on identical test material within shortintervals of time would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the followi
44、ng values onlyin one case in 20.12.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as the maximum difference between two results, obtained under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the test method.12.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are
45、listed in Table 2.12.1.2 Reproducibility (R(R)The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different operatorsapplying the same test method in different laboratories using different apparatus on identical test material would, in the long run,in the normal and correct operati
46、on of the test method, exceed the following values only in one case in 20.12.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as the maximum difference between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causes under normal and correct operation of the
47、test method.12.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 2.12.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproducibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.12.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 12.1.1 and 12.1.2 will have an approximate 95 % probability of beingcorrec
48、t. The precision statistics obtained in this ILS must not be treated as exact mathematical quantities which are applicable toall circumstances and uses. The limited number of materials tested may lead to times when differences greater than predicted bythe ILS results will arise, sometimes with consi
49、derably greater or smaller frequency than the 95 % probability limit would imply.12.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no accepted reference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.12.3 The precision statement was determined through statistical examination of 72 all usable test results, from eight laboratories,on threefour materials.12.3.1 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it is recommended to choose the material closest in characteri
