1、Designation: D 6834 02Standard Test Method forDetermining Product Leakage from a Package with aMechanical Pump Dispenser1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th
2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the ability ofa pump dispenser to seal when the packaging is held
3、 undervacuum. Furthermore, it evaluates the seal between the pumpdispenser and the neck container/closure integrity.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate
4、 safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See 4.3 for a specific warning statement.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 999 Test Methods for Vibration Testing of ShippingContainersD 3198 Test Method for Application and Removal Torque
5、of Threaded or Lug-Style Closures3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is suitable for establishing specifica-tions of product leakage for both the pump dispenser and thefinal package. The test is performed at two levels of vacuum, alow and a high level, in order to avoid going directly fromat
6、mospheric pressure to 200 mbar, which can sometimes causepump components that had not been fully seated, to seat.3.1.1 Method A, Product Leakage Test without VibrationTesting of a Mechanical Pump Dispenser Package, is usedwhen a pre-conditioning of the package in a simulated shippingsituation is not
7、 desired.3.1.2 Method B, Product Leakage Test with Vibration Test-ing of a Mechanical Pump Dispenser Package, is used when apre-conditioning of the package in a simulated shippingsituation is desired. The dynamics and stresses of shipping cancreate conditions where the package may be more likely tol
8、eak.4. Apparatus4.1 Vacuum Chamber, with a minimum capacity of 200mbar (147 mm Hg).4.2 Absorbent Paper.NOTE 1Alcoholsensitive paper may be useful in verifying the pointsof leakage for alcohol based products since it is permanently stained withalcohol upon contact.4.3 WarningAppropriate handling cons
9、ideration shouldbe given to flammable, toxic, caustic, or other potentiallyhazardous materials used in this determination.5. Sampling5.1 Select an appropriate number of dry, unused pumpdispensers at random for the precision and accuracy desired. Anumber of ten or more samples is recommended, but ami
10、nimum of three is acceptable.6. Conditioning6.1 If possible, condition the test specimen at 23 6 3C (736 5.4F) for not less than 4 h. If the test specimens are notconditioned at the recommended temperature, this should benoted in the test report discussed in 9.1.7. Test Specimen and Sample7.1 For ea
11、ch test specimen select a container to which thepump dispenser will be attached during the test. The actualbottle for final package is recommended for testing.8. ProceduresMETHOD APRODUCT LEAKAGE TEST WITHOUTVIBRATION TESTING OF A MECHANICAL PUMPDISPENSER PACKAGE8.1 Fill each container with the liqu
12、id to be tested at theactual level of the final package target weight.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 onPackaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.33 on MechanicalDispensers.Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published November 2002.2For ref
13、erenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
14、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.8.2 Attach the pump dispenser securely to the container. Formechanical pump dispenser packages using a threaded orlug-style closure, follow Test Method D 3198 for the propermethod of closure application. Take care not to actuate thepump dispenser during
15、this step.8.3 Line the vacuum chamber shelves with the absorbentpaper. The paper should be absent of stains so that it is easierto identify any leakage during the test.8.4 Lay one or more containers on their side in the vacuumchamber.NOTE 2Packages should be oriented such that possible leakage point
16、sare visible when the vacuum chamber door is closed.8.5 With the door of the vacuum chamber closed, start thepump and bring the vacuum level to a maximum of 850 mbar(absolute pressure, equal to 163 mbar).8.5.1 Hold this level of vacuum for a minimum of 3 min andobserve for signs of leakage. If leaka
17、ge is observed, stop thetest, and identify the leakage points and report findings inSection 9.8.5.2 If no leakage has occurred, increase the level ofvacuum to 200 mbar (absolute pressure, equal to 813 mbar).8.5.3 Hold this level of vacuum for a minimum of 3 min andobserve for signs of leakage. If le
18、akage is observed, stop thetest, and identify the leakage points and report findings inSection 9.8.6 If leakage occurs, carefully disassemble the pump unitsfrom the container and identify possible causes for the leakage(for example: damaged seal surface, poorly molded neck-finishon the container, an
19、d so forth.). Report findings in Section 9.METHOD BPRODUCT LEAKAGE TEST WITHVIBRATION TESTING OF A MECHANICAL PUMPDISPENSER PACKAGE8.7 Fill each container with the liquid to be tested at theactual level of the final package target weight.8.8 Attach the pump dispenser securely to the container. Forme
20、chanical pump dispenser packages using a threaded orlug-style closure, follow Test Methods D 3198 for the propermethod of closure application. Take care not to actuate thepump dispenser during this step.8.9 Place the filled containers in an appropriate carton sothat they will remain firmly in place
21、during vibration.8.10 Proceed as directed according to Method D 999 for 20min each on bottom, top, and one side.8.11 Remove the specimens from the carton. Examine allspecimens for visible leakage without removing or disturbingthe closure. Report the location of any leakage in Section 9.8.12 Line the
22、 vacuum chamber shelves with the absorbentpaper. The paper should be absent of stains so that it is easierto identify any leakage.8.13 Lay one or more containers on their side in the vacuumchamber.NOTE 3Packages should be oriented such that possible leakage pointsare visible when the vacuum chamber
23、door is closed.8.14 Packages should be oriented such that possible leakagepoints are visible when the vacuum chamber door is closed.8.15 With the door of the vacuum chamber closed, start thepump and bring the vacuum level to a maximum of 850 mbar(absolute pressure).8.15.1 Hold this level of vacuum f
24、or a minimum of 3 minand observe for signs of leakage. If leakage is observed, stopthe test, and identify the leakage points and report findings inSection 9.8.15.2 If no leakage has occurred, increase the level ofvacuum to 200 mbar (absolute pressure).8.15.3 Hold this level of vacuum for a minimum o
25、f 3 minand observe for signs of leakage. If leakage is observed, stopthe test, and identify the leakage points and report findings inSection 9.8.16 If leakage occurs, carefully disassemble the pumpcomponents from the container and identify possible causes forthe leakage (for example: damaged seal su
26、rface, poorly moldedneck-finish on the container, and so forth.). Report findings inSection 9.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Product description, container and type and model ofthe pump dispenser being tested,9.1.2 Number of defective packages,9.1.3 Number of packages,9.1.4 Leak
27、age location on each package,9.1.5 Reason or possible reason for the leakage to occur foreach location cited, and9.1.6 The method followed, A or B.10. Precision and Bias10.1 No statement is made about either the precision or biasof these methods since results merely state whether or not thereis conf
28、ormance to the criteria specified in the procedure.11. Keywords11.1 container leakage; mechanical pump dispenser leak-age; vacuum leakage testASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of thi
29、s standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five yea
30、rs andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commit
31、tee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.D6834022This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D6834023
