1、Designation: D6878/D6878M 13Standard Specification forThermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6878/D6878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made fromthermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) as the principal polymer,intended for use i
3、n single-ply roofing membranes exposed tothe weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics orscrims.1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize thesheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for theintended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such asfire resistan
4、ce, field seaming strength, material compatibility,and uplift resistance, among others, are factors which should beconsidered but are beyond the scope of this specification.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach
5、 system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport toaddr
6、ess all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with itsuse. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard toestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D471 Test Meth
7、od for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking inan Ozone Controlled EnvironmentD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or
8、Film at ElevatedTemperatureD2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Pointof Flexible Polymers and Coated FabricsD5538 Practice for Thermoplastic ElastomersTerminology and AbbreviationsD7635/D7635M Test Method for Measurement of Thicknessof Coatings Over Fabric ReinforcementG151 Practice for
9、 Exposing Nonmetallic Materials inAccel-erated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light SourcesG155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus forExposure of Non-Metallic Materials3. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The sheet shall be formulated from ethylene and higheralpha-olefin polymers, copolym
10、ers, and mixtures thereof, inamounts greater than 50 %, by weight of the total polymercontent suitably compounded to satisfy the physical require-ments in the specification (see Practice D5538).3.2 The sheet shall be capable of being heat welded, fused,or adhesively bonded to itself for making water
11、tight fieldsplices and repairs, and the supplier or fabricator shall recom-mend suitable methods and materials.3.3 Sheet shall be reinforced with fabric or scrim.4. Physical Properties and Tolerances4.1 Each sheet specimen shall meet or exceed the physicalrequirements prescribed in Table 1.4.2 The t
12、olerance for time conditions (aging, weathering,and so forth) is 615 min or 61 % of the period, whichever isgreater, unless otherwise specified.4.3 The tolerance for temperature conditions (aging,weathering, and so forth) is 62C 64F of the specifiedtemperature, unless otherwise specified.5. Dimensio
13、ns and Permissible Variations5.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier.5.1.1 The width and length tolerance shall be +3 %, 0 %.5.1.2 The thickness tolerance shall be +15 %, 10 % ofthickness agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier, but in nocas
14、e shall it be less than the minimum in Table 1.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.18on Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2013. Published December 201
15、3. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6878/D6878M 11a.DOI: 10.1520/D6878_D6878M-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
16、to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.3 The thickness of coating over scrim (reinforcingfabric) of the weathering side shall be at least 30 % of theoverall thickn
17、ess as agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier,but in no case shall it be less than the minimum in Table 1. Thetable below can be used as a reference for commonly usedthicknesses.Overall Thickness, mm in. Thickness of Coating Over Scrim, min,mm in.1.1 0.045 0.38 0.0151.5 0.060 0.48 0.0182.0 0.080
18、0.60 0.0246. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 The sheet, including factory seams, if present, shall bewatertight and free of pinholes, particles of foreign matter,protruding fibers or reinforcement, undispersed raw material,nicks and cuts, voids, thin areas, delaminations or othermanufacturing
19、 defects that might adversely affect serviceabil-ity.6.2 Edges of the sheets shall be capable of being seamed toone another without fishmouthing.7. Test Methods7.1 DimensionsTest Methods D751, after permitting thesheet to relax at 23C 73F for 1 h.7.2 Thickness, Sheet OverallRefer to Test Methods D75
20、1.7.3 Thickness of Coating Over Scrim (ReinforcingFabric)Test Method D7635/D7635M. Follow preparationprocedures as specified in Test Method D7635/D7635M. Thethickness measurements shall be conducted as described in thetest method on the coating on the side intended to be exposedto the weather.7.4 Br
21、eaking StrengthTest Methods D751, Grab Method.7.5 Elongation at BreakTest Methods D751, GrabMethod.7.6 Tearing StrengthTest Methods D751, 2 in./min jawspeed. 8 by 8 in. sample size.7.7 Brittleness PointTest Methods D2137, Method B.7.8 Ozone ResistanceTest Method D1149. Inspect at 7magnification on s
22、pecimens exposed to 100 mPa 1 10-5psiozone in air at 40C 104F. Specimens shall be wrappedaround a 75-mm 3-in. diameter mandrel for 166 h exposure.Specimen shall be wrapped around the same size mandrel forinspection. The required specimen width is 25 mm 1.0 in.7.9 Heat AgingTest Method D573. Age shee
23、t specimensfor 5376 h (224 days or 32 weeks) at 116C 240F.Specimens are then cut from the aged sheet for testing ofbreaking strength, elongation, and so forth.7.10 Linear Dimensional ChangeTest Method D1204.Age specimen for 6 h at 70C 158F or 1 h at 100C 212F.7.11 Water AbsorptionTest Method D471 fo
24、r 166 h at70C 158F. Test performed on top coating material only.(Use Test Method D471, Procedure for Change in Mass.)7.12 Factory Seam StrengthTest Methods D751, GrabMethod. Modify procedure by cutting a 25 mm 1.0 in. wideby 300 mm 12 in. long sample across the lap seam. Place injaws approximately 5
25、0 mm 2.0 in. from edges of the overlaparea and test at a jaw separation rate of 5 cm/min 2 in./min.7.13 Weather ResistanceAccelerated weathering testsshall be performed using Practice G155.7.13.1 Practice G151 and G155Xenon-arc apparatusshall be operated in accordance with the following conditions:F
26、ilter Type DaylightIrradiance 0.35 to 0.70 W/(m2 nm) at 340nm.The maximum allowableoperationalfluctuation of the irradiance settingis 0.02 W/(m2 nm).Cycle 690 min light, 30 min light pluswaterspray on the front surfaceUninsulated Black PanelTemperature80C. The maximum allowableoperationalfluctuation
27、 is 2.5C.Relative Humidity 50 %. The maximum allowableoperationalfluctuation is 5 %.Spray Water Refer to Practice G155, section6.6.1.Typical water temperature usedfor specimenspray is 21 5C, but if ambienttemperatureis low and a holding tank is notused to storepurified water, the water tempera-ture
28、can bebelow the typical range.Specimen Repositioning Refer to Practice G155, section9.5Radiant Exposure 10 080 kJ/(m2 nm) at 340 nm(1209.6 MJ/m2at 300 to 400 nm)Inspect at 7 magnification foraging.Chamber Air Temperature(where applicable)50C. The maximum allowableoperationalfluctuation is 2C.NoteIf
29、the operational fluctuations are greater than the maximum allow-able after the equipment has stabilized, discontinue the test and correctthe cause of the problem before continuing.7.13.2 Perform the weathering tests on the intact sheet withthe weathering side facing the lamps. Mount specimens forTAB
30、LE 1 Physical Requirements for TPO SheetThickness, min, mm in.Sheet-overall 1.0 0.039Coating over fabric or scrim, weathering side only 0.38 0.015Breaking strength, min, N lbf 976 220Elongation at reinforcement break, min, % 15Tearing strength, min, N lbf 245 55Brittleness point, max, C F -40 -40Ozo
31、ne resistance, no cracks PassProperties after heat aging: (retained values)Breaking strength, % min 90Elongation at reinforcement break, % min 90Tearing strength, % min 60Weight change (mass), max % 1Linear dimensional change, max, % 1Water absorption, max, mass % 3.0AFactory seam strength, min, N l
32、bf 290 66Weather resistance:Visual inspection PassATest performed on top coating material only. (Use Test Method D471, Procedurefor Change in Mass.)D6878/D6878M 132exposure under no strain. After exposure, the specimens shallbe removed, wrapped around a 75 mm 3 in. mandrel, andinspected for cracks a
33、nd crazing. A specimen is rated “pass” ifno cracks or crazing is observed.8. Inspection8.1 Inspection of the material shall be agreed upon betweeninvolved parties.9. Rejection and Resubmittal9.1 Failure to conform to any one of the requirementsprescribed in this specification shall constitute ground
34、s forrejection. Rejection shall be reported to the supplier promptlyand in writing. The seller shall have the right to reinspect therejected shipment and resubmit the lot after removal of thosepackages not conforming to the specified requirements.10. Product Marking10.1 The sheet shall be identified
35、 on the side intended to beexposed to the weather with this ASTM designation and eitherthe name of the manufacturer or supplier or TPO. The type ofidentification is at the manufacturers option. Such identifica-tion shall occur at intervals not to exceed3m9ft,10in. inthe long direction. The identific
36、ation shall be applied in such amanner as to be legible five years from installation. Identifi-cation shall not be required when so specified by the purchaser.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 The material shall be packaged in a standard commer-cial manner, unless otherwise specified, so as to b
37、e acceptableby commercial or other carriers for safe transportation to thepoint of delivery.11.2 Shipping containers shall be marked with:11.2.1 The name of the material,11.2.2 Product code,11.2.3 ASTM number,11.2.4 Size or quantity, and11.2.5 Name of manufacturer or supplier.12. Keywords12.1 flexib
38、le sheet; roofing; roofing material; single-plyroofing membrane; thermoplastic polyolefin; TPOASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determinat
39、ion of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withd
40、rawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your
41、 comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (singl
42、e or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D6878/D6878M 133
