1、Designation: D6936 17Standard Test Method forDetermining Demulsibility of Emulsified Asphalt1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6936; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu
2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method, applicable to both anionic and cationicemulsified asphalts of the RS and MS type, measures thechemical breaking of the
3、emulsified asphalt.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figur
4、es) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-min
5、e the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations
6、issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D511 Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In WaterD3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving MaterialsD6934 Test Metho
7、d for Residue by Evaporation of Emulsi-fied AsphaltD6997 Test Method for Distillation of Emulsified AsphaltE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method is used to identify or classify anemulsified asphalt as an RS or MS by measuring the
8、amount ofavailable asphalt that is broken from the emulsified asphalt byutilizing specified amounts and concentrations of calciumchloride solution for anionic emulsified asphalts and dioctylsodium sulfosuccinate for cationic emulsified asphalts.NOTE 1The quality of the results produced by this stand
9、ard aredependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedureand the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used.Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generallyconsidered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling,inspection, etc. User
10、s of this standard are cautioned that compliance withSpecification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions ofSpecification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides ameans of evaluating and controlling some
11、of those factors.4. Sample Conditioning for Testing4.1 All emulsified asphalts shall be properly stirred toachieve homogeneity before testing.4.1.1 All emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing require-ments of 50 C shall be heated to 50 6 3 C in the originalsample container in a water bath or oven
12、. The container shouldbe vented to relieve pressure. After the sample reaches 50 63 C, stir the sample to achieve homogeneity.4.1.2 Emulsified asphalts with viscosity testing require-ments of 25 C should be mixed or stirred at 25 6 1Cintheoriginal sample container to achieve homogeneity.NOTE 2Emulsi
13、fied asphalts with viscosity testing requirements of25 C may be heated and stirred as specified in 4.1.1, if necessary. In theevent the 4.1.1 method is used, the sample should be cooled to 25 6 1Cbefore testing.5. Apparatus and Reagents5.1 Wire Cloth1.40-mm wire cloth that is at least 125 mmsquare,
14、unframed, and having wire diameters and openings thatconform to Specification E11.5.2 BeakerMetal beaker or other suitable metal containerwith a minimum 300-mL capacity.5.3 Stirring RodMetal rod with rounded ends, approxi-mately 10 mm in diameter.5.4 Buret50-mLglass buret graduated in 0.1-mLinterval
15、s.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.42 onEmulsified Asphalt Test.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published September 2017. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approv
16、ed in 2009 as D6936 09. DOI:10.1520/D6936-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM I
17、nternational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standar
18、ds, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.5 Calcium Chloride Solution (1.11 g/L)1.11 g of cal-cium chloride (CaCl2) dissolved in distilled or deionized waterand diluted to 1 L. The 1.11 g/L calcium chloride solution maybe sta
19、ndardized to be a 0.02 6 0.001 N solution of calciumchloride in water. Although this solution will remain stable, itshall be stored in an airtight container when not in use.5.6 Calcium Chloride Solution (5.55 g/L)5.55 g of cal-cium chloride (CaCl2) dissolved in distilled or deionized waterand dilute
20、d to 1 L. The 5.55 g/L calcium chloride solution maybe standardized to be a 0.10 6 0.001 N solution of calciumchloride in water. Although this solution will remain stable, itshall be stored in an airtight container when not in use.NOTE 3Test Methods D511 is a method that could be used tostandardize
21、the solutions in 5.5 and 5.6.5.7 Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate Solution (0.80 %)8.00 g of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate dissolved in 992 g ofdistilled or deionized water. This solution will degrade overtime and shall be stored in a cool, dark location when not inuse, in a dark glass or dark impermea
22、ble plastic air-tightcontainer. It shall not be used for testing purposes if more than90 days have elapsed since it was prepared.NOTE 4A test method that could be used to standardize this solutioncan be found in “The United States Pharmacopeia, The National Formu-lary” under the section on Docusate
23、Sodium (444.56) as recommended byCytec Industries (a manufacturer of this material).5.8 Balance, capable of weighing 500 6 0.1 g.5.9 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 163 63C6. Procedure6.1 Determine the percentage of residue as described in TestMethod D6997 or Test Method D6934.6.2 Reco
24、rd the mass of the assembly consisting of: thebeaker or container with a 300 mL minimum capacity, themetal stirring rod, and the wire cloth.6.3 When the emulsified asphalt is at a temperature of 22 63 C, measure 100 6 0.1 g into the assembly.6.4 Over a period of approximately 2 min, add the appro-pr
25、iate reagent (at room temperature) to the beaker or container,from a buret:6.4.1 35 mL of CaCl2 0.02 N solution (1.11 g/L) (5.5) foranionic rapid setting emulsified asphalts, or6.4.2 50 mL of 0.10 N CaCl2 solution (5.55 g/L) (5.6) foranionic medium setting, or mixing-type, emulsified asphalts, or6.4
26、.3 35 mL of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate solution(0.80 %) (5.7) for cationic rapid setting emulsified asphalts.6.5 While adding the solution (6.4.1, 6.4.2,or6.4.3), stir thecontents of the beaker or container continuously andvigorously, kneading any lumps against the sides of the beakeror container
27、 to ensure thorough mixing of the reagent with theemulsified asphalt.6.6 Continue kneading any lumps for an additional 2 minafter all the solution has been added.6.7 Decant the mixture of any unbroken emulsified asphaltand solution onto the wire cloth. Rinse the beaker or containercontaining the sam
28、ple and metal rod with distilled water ordeionized water, pouring the rinse water through the wire cloth.Knead and break up all lumps, and continue washing thebeaker or container, rod, and wire cloth until the rinse waterdrains clear.6.8 Place the wire cloth enclosing the asphalt residue in thebeake
29、r or container with the metal rod in a 163 6 3 C dryingoven for 1 h. Allow the beaker and contents to cool and recordthe mass. Repeat the heating and mass determination untilsuccessive masses differ by no more than 0.1 g.7. Calculation7.1 Subtract the tare mass of the assembly from the mass ofthe dr
30、ied assembly to obtain the demulsibility residue. Calcu-late the demulsibility as follows:Demulsibility, % 5 A/B! 3100 (1)where:A = weight of demulsibility residue from the test of thesample of emulsified asphalt, andB = weight of residue in 100 g of the emulsified asphalt.8. Report8.1 Report demuls
31、ibility mass percent to the nearest wholepercent.9. Precision and Bias9.1 The following criteria should be used for judging theacceptability of results of tests on RS emulsified asphalt (95 %probability):9.1.1 Duplicate results by the same operator should not beconsidered suspect unless they differ
32、by more than the follow-ing amount:Demulsibility, weight % Repeatability, % of the mean30 to 100 59.1.2 The results submitted by each of two laboratoriesshould not be considered suspect unless they differ by morethan the following amount:Demulsibility, weight % Reproducibility, % of the mean30 to 10
33、0 309.2 Precision does not apply when using dioctyl sodiumsulfosuccinate solution in the testing of cationic emulsifiedasphalt for demulsibility.9.3 The bias of this test cannot be determined because nomaterial having an accepted reference value is available.10. Keywords10.1 asphalt emulsion; cation
34、ic emulsified asphalt; demul-sibility; emulsified asphalt; emulsionD6936 172ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validit
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