1、Designation: D7032 10aD7032 14Standard Specification forEstablishing Performance Ratings for Wood-PlasticComposite Deck Boards and Guardrail Systems (Guards orHandrails)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7032; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofo
2、riginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the procedures to establish a perf
3、ormance rating for wood-plastic composite (WPC) deck boards.This specification also defines the procedures to establish a performance rating for WPC guards and handrails. The purpose of thisspecification is to establish the basis for code recognition of these products or systems in exterior applicat
4、ions where combustibleconstruction is allowed (see X1.1).NOTE 1While WPCs may contain wood fiber, the presence of wood fiber in the composite is not required by this standard. Other lignocellulosicmaterials may be used. For WPC deck boards and guardrail systems evaluated according to this standard,
5、the structural, physical, and fire attributes mayor may not exhibit similarity to those of wood due to the presence, type, and quantity of plastic(s) in the composite. WPCs should not be assumed tobehave similarly to wood. For example, to address the influence of plastic in the composite, special co
6、nsiderations in the standard address sensitivity totemperature, ultraviolet (UV) exposure, and freeze-thaw resistance.1.2 Deck boards, guards, and handrails covered by this specification are permitted to be of any code compliant shape andthickness (solid or non-solid).NOTE 2While WPCs are produced i
7、n a broad range of ratios of fiber to resin it is recognized that the performance requirements in this specificationare valid for any material or combination of materials used as deck boards, guards, or handrails. For products made primarily from resin, or for productsthat exhibit highly plastic pro
8、perties (for example, more than 3 % strain without rupture in a standard flexural test under ambient conditions), users aredirected to Specification D6662 for additional guidance.1.3 A deck board, and a deck board used as a stair tread, are assigned a span rating indicating its ability to comply wit
9、h modelcode specified functions identified for its specific end use. A guard or handrail is recognized for its ability to meet minimum coderequirements specified in the appropriate model building code.1.4 Details of manufacturing processes may be proprietary and are beyond the scope of this specific
10、ation.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if
11、any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatoryrequirements prior to use.1.7 Table of Contents:SectionScope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3General Requirements 4
12、Sampling 4.1Sample Size 4.2Conditioning 4.3Flexural Tests 4.4Temperature and Moisture Effects 4.5Ultraviolet (UV) Resistance Test 4.6Freeze-Thaw Resistance Test 4.7Biodeterioration Tests 4.81 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility o
13、f Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered WoodProducts.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2010January 2015. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2010 asD7032 10.D7032 10A. DOI: 10.1520/D7032-10A.10.1520/D7032-14.This document is not a
14、n ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate.
15、In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1SectionFire Performance Tests 4.9Deck Board Performance Requirements 5
16、General 5.1Flexural Performance Tests 5.2Determination of the Unadjusted AllowableLoad5.3Creep-Recovery Test 5.4Mechanical Fastener Holding Tests 5.5Slip Resistance Test 5.6Guard and Handrail PerformanceRequirements6General 6.1Guardrail System Test Requirements 6.2One- and Two-Family DwellingRequire
17、ments6.2.1.1Handrail Test Requirements (ConcentratedLoad)6.3Report 7Independent Inspection 8Manufacturing Standard 9Precision and Bias 10Keywords 11Two-Span Test Method Annex A1Fire Propagation Test Methods Annex A2Commentary Appendix X12. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relat
18、ing to Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD198 Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural SizesD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1037 Test Methods for Evaluating Properties of
19、Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsD1413 Test Method for Wood Preservatives by Laboratory Soil-Block CulturesD1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsD1761 Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in WoodD1929 Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of
20、 PlasticsD1972 Practice for Generic Marking of Plastic Products (Withdrawn 2014)3D2017 Test Method of Accelerated Laboratory Test of Natural Decay Resistance of Woods (Withdrawn 2014)3D2047 Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Polish-Coated Flooring Surfaces as Measured by the James Mac
21、hineD2394 Test Methods for Simulated Service Testing of Wood and Wood-Base Finish FlooringD2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor ApplicationsD2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD3345 Test Method for Laboratory Evalu
22、ation of Wood and Other Cellulosic Materials for Resistance to TermitesD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic MaterialsD4092 Terminology for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical PropertiesD4761 Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Base Structural MaterialD5764 Test Method fo
23、r Evaluating Dowel-Bearing Strength of Wood and Wood-Based ProductsD6109 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastic Lumber and Related ProductsD6662 Specification for Polyolefin-Based Plastic Lumber Decking BoardsE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
24、 Building MaterialsE108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof CoveringsE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeterF1679 Test Method for Using a Variable Incidence Tribometer (VIT) (Withdrawn 2006)3G154 Practice for Operat
25、ing Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV) Lamp Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials2.2 Other References:AWPA Standard E1 Standard Method for Laboratory Evaluation for Determination of Resistance to Subterranean Termites4AWPA Standard E10 Standard Method of Testing Wood Preservatives by Laboratory
26、Soil-Block Cultures42 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this histo
27、rical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from American Wood-Preservers Association (AWPA), P.O. Box 361784, Birmingham, AL 35236-1784, http:/.D7032 1422009 International Building Code International Code Council, Inc.52009 International Residential Code International Code Council, Inc
28、.53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerminology used to describe WPCs are defined in Terminologies D9, D883, D1554, and D4092, PracticeD1972, and Classification D4000.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 center-point loada flexure test where the load comes in contact with the test spe
29、cimen at a location that is 12 the testspan.3.2.2 guarda building component or a system of building components located at or near the open sides of elevated walkingsurfaces that minimizes the possibility of a fall from the walking surface to a lower level.3.2.3 handraila rail intended for grasping b
30、y the hand for guidance or support.3.2.4 plastic lumbera manufactured product made primarily from plastic materials (filled or unfilled), typically used as abuilding material, which is usually rectangular in cross-section.3.2.5 quarter-point loadinga flexure test where the load comes in contact with
31、 the test specimen at two locations, each ofwhich is located at 14 the span from the specimen load support. For example, quarter-point loading for a test specimen on a 24-in.(610-mm) span would have two equal loads contact the test specimen each located 6 in. in from the test specimen load support.T
32、he distance between the two points of load would be 12 in. (305 mm).3.2.5.1 DiscussionFor example, quarter-point loading for a test specimen on a 24-in. (610-mm) span would have two equal loads contact the testspecimen each located 6 in. in from the test specimen load support. The distance between t
33、he two points of load would be 12 in.(305 mm).3.2.6 span ratingan index number that identifies the test span used in all structural load testing, which is the maximumcenter-to-center support spacing for the specified end use, and allowable design capacity, in pounds per square foot(lbf/ft2 (kNm2), d
34、etermined in accordance with this specification. For example, a deck span rating of 16100 recognizes the deckboard for installation perpendicular to the floor joists spaced a maximum of 16 in. (406 mm) on center, and for supporting the loadcombinations required by the applicable code, which in this
35、case cannot exceed 100 lbf/ft2 (4.79 kN/m2).3.2.6.1 DiscussionFor example, a deck span rating of 16100 recognizes the deck board for installation perpendicular to the floor joists spaced amaximum of 16 in. (406 mm) on center, and for supporting the load combinations required by the applicable code,
36、which in thiscase cannot exceed 100 lbf/ft2 (4.79 kN/m2).3.2.7 third-point loadinga flexure test where the load comes in contact with the test specimen at two locations, each of whichis located at 13 the span from the specimen load support. For example, third-point loading for a test specimen on a 2
37、4-in. (610-mm)span would have two equal loads contact the test specimen each located 8 in. in from the test specimen load support. The distancebetween the two points of load would also be 8 in. (205 mm).3.2.7.1 DiscussionFor example, third-point loading for a test specimen on a 24-in. (610-mm) span
38、would have two equal loads contact the testspecimen each located 8 in. in from the test specimen load support. The distance between the two points of load would also be8 in. (205 mm).3.2.8 wood-plastic composite (WPC)a composite made primarily from wood- or cellulose-based materials and plastic(s).4
39、. General Requirements4.1 SamplingSamples for testing shall be representative of the population being evaluated. Sampling shall be representativeof the possible variations due to changes in raw materials and process variables over time. It is essential to consider batch-to-batchand shift-to-shift va
40、riability when sampling actual production. Test specimens shall be selected from several production runs of a5 Available from International Code Council (ICC), 5203 Leesburg Pike, Suite 600, Falls Church, VA 22041-3401, http:/www.intlcode.org.D7032 143given item. Products shall be sampled at the man
41、ufacturing site by an accredited third party inspection agency or testing laboratory.Exceptions to sampling at the manufacturing site, such as at a warehouse or distribution center, shall be documented in the testreport.4.2 Sample SizeSelection of a sample size depends upon the property to be estima
42、ted, the actual variation in the propertyoccurring in the population, and the precision with which the property is to be estimated. The principles of Practice D2915 shallbe followed. The minimum sample size shall provide estimation of mean values within 5 % in accordance with 3.4.2 of PracticeD2915.
43、4.3 ConditioningPrior to testing, all specimens shall be conditioned to environmental conditions appropriate for the intendedend use of the product. Alternatively, test specimens shall be conditioned for a minimum of 40 h at 68F 6 4F (20C 6 2C)and 50 6 5 % RH. If data show that product properties ar
44、e not affected by extreme moisture conditions, such as submersion, thematerial shall be permitted to be tested without special conditioning. When the product is to be subjected to a water soakenvironment, the test specimens shall be tested within 30 min upon removal from the treatment.4.4 Flexural T
45、estsFlexural strength and stiffness shall be determined in accordance with principles of Test Methods D4761or D6109. Alternatively, to assess compliance with performance requirements in its intended installed configuration, the deckboards shall be tested according to the two-span method defined in A
46、nnex A1. The test specimen cross section shall be theminimum anticipated structural size for the intended end use. The test span shall be that for which code recognition is desired. Thespecimens shall be loaded at a constant strain rate of 1 % per minute (610 %). Average time to failure for each tes
47、t configurationshall be recorded (see Commentary, X1.2). A constant strain rate of 1 % per minute is achieved by using a constant rate of testmachine crosshead motion, R, (inches/minute) computed in terms of the test span, L, and the member depth, d, by the followingequation:R50.001853L2/d (1)For me
48、mbers where the depth (vertical dimension) is varying along the member length, the depth (d) shall be taken as the grossmember depth at the point of maximum moment.NOTE 3Eq 1 is based on the maximum extreme fiber strain at midspan of a horizontally symmetric simple span member. For a product that is
49、symmetric about its horizontal axis, Eq 1 yields the target strain rate at both the extreme tensile and extreme compressive faces. For a product that is notsymmetric about its horizontal axis, the Eq 1 strain rate is the average of the strains at these faces. See Commentary for additional information.NOTE 4Some WPCs wood-plastic composites and plastic lumber exhibit exceptionally large deformations prior to failure in bending. Users arecautioned to take particular care in test machine set-up to accommodate large deflections, both i
