1、Designation: D 7471 09Standard Specification forCPT-Fluoropolymer Molding and Extrusion Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7471; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers copolymers of chlorotrifluoro-ethylene, perfluoroalkoxy, and tetrafluoroethylene and aresuitable for extr
3、usion, compression, and injection molding.1.2 This specification does not cover blended materials anddoes not cover recycled materials.1.3 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTMSI-10 are to be regarded as the standard. The values given inparentheses are for information only.1.4 The f
4、ollowing safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this specification.Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and heal
5、thpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 792 Test Me
6、thods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by DisplacementD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 3418 Test Method for Transition Te
7、mperatures and En-thalpies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers byDifferential Scanning CalorimetryD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsIEEE/ASTM SI-10 Use of the International System of Units(SI): The Modem M
8、etric System3. Terminology3.1 GeneralThe terminology given in Terminology D 883is applicable to this specification.3.2 Definitions:3.3 lot, none production run or a uniform blend of two ormore production runs.3.4 GeneralThe abbreviated terms given in TerminologyD 1600 are applicable to this specific
9、ation.4. Classification4.1 This specification covers one type of fluoropolymersupplied in pellet form classified according to their meltingpoint. The resins of each type are divided into four gradesaccording to their melt flow rate.4.2 An one-line system shall be used to specify materialscovered by
10、this specification. The system uses predefined cellsto refer to specific aspects of this specification, as illustrated asfollows:Specification _Standard Number : Type : Grade : SpecialBlock : : : Notes: :,:Example: Specification D 7471 - 09, I2For this example, the line callout shall be, Specificati
11、onD 7471 09, I2 and shall specify a fluoropolymer that has allof the properties listed for that type and grade in the appropri-ate specified properties, or tables, or both, in the specificationidentified. A comma is used as the separator between thestandard number and the type. Separators are not ne
12、ededbetween the group and grade.35. General Requirements5.1 The material shall be of uniform composition and soprepared as to conform to the requirements of this specifica-tion.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi
13、ttee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Docum
14、ent Summary page onthe ASTM website.3See the ASTM Form and Style Manual, available from ASTM Headquarters.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2 The material described in this specification shall be freeof foreign matter
15、 to such a contamination level as shall beagreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.6. Performance Requirements6.1 The average test result of the lot shall conform to therequirements prescribed in Table 1 when tested by the proce-dures specified herein. Table 1 lists those tests of specificgr
16、avity and tensile properties requiring a specimen molded asdescribed in Section 8.7. Sampling7.1 The materials shall be sampled in accordance with anadequate statistical sampling program.8. Specimen Preparation8.1 Prepare a molded sheet 1.5 6 0.3 mm (0.06 6 0.01 in.)thick. Use a picture-frame-type c
17、hase having a suitableblanked-out section and thickness to produce the desired sheet.Use clean aluminum foil, 0.13 to 0.18 mm (0.005 to 0.007 in.)thick, in contact with the resin. Spraying a high-temperaturemold release agent on the aluminum foil will help prevent thefoil from sticking to the sheet.
18、 Use steel molding plates at least1.0 mm (0.040 in.) thick and have an area adequate to cover thechase.8.2 Lay down and smoothly cover one plate with a sheet ofaluminum foil. Place the mold chase on top of this assembly.Place within the mold chase sufficient molding material toproduce the required s
19、heet in such manner that the polymercharge is a mound in the middle of the chase. Place a secondsheet of aluminum foil on top of the granules and add the topmold plate. Place the assembly in a compression molding presshaving platens that have been heated to 320 6 5C (608 69F).8.3 Bring the press pla
20、tens to incipient contact with themold assembly. Hold for 2 to 4 min without pressure. Applyapproximately 1 MPa (145 psi) and hold for 1 to 1.5 min. Thenapply 2 to 4 MPa (290 to 580 psi) and hold for 1 to 1.5 min.Maintain the press at 320 6 5C (608 6 9F) during thesesteps. Remove the assembly from t
21、he press and place betweentwo 20 6 7-mm (0.75 6 0.25-in.) steel plates whose tempera-ture is less than 40C (104F).8.4 When the sheet is cool enough to touch about 50 to 60C(122 to 140F), remove aluminum foil from the sheet. (If thesheet is allowed to cool to room temperature, the aluminum foilcannot
22、 be pulled free.)9. Conditioning9.1 For tests of specific gravity and tensile properties,condition the molded test specimens in accordance withProcedure A of Practice D 618 for a period of at least 4 h priorto test. The other tests require no conditioning.9.2 Conduct tests at the standard laboratory
23、 temperature of23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) for determination of specific gravityand tensile properties only. Since this resin does not absorbwater, the maintenance of constant humidity during testing isnot necessary. Conduct tests for melt flow rate and meltingpoint under ordinary laboratory conditions.10
24、. Packaging and Package Marking10.1 PackagingThe material shall be packaged in stan-dard commercial containers so constructed as to ensure accep-tance by common or other carriers for safe transportation to thepoint of delivery unless otherwise specified in the contract ororder.10.2 MarkingShipping c
25、ontainers shall be marked withthe name of the material, type, grade, and quantity therein.10.3 All packing, packaging, and marking provisions ofPractice D 3892 shall apply to this specification.11. Test Methods11.1 Melt Flow Rate:11.1.1 Principle of Test MethodThe melt flow rate shallbe determined a
26、t 297 6 1C using Procedure A or B describedin Test Method D 1238. The extrusion plastometer to be usedis described in Test Method D 1238 modified by use ofcorrosion resistant alloy for the barrel lining, orifice, piston tip,and orifice securing device. Use pellets or pieces of approxi-mately the sam
27、e size cut from molded or extruded forms. Stripsabout 6 mm (14 in.) by 76 mm (3 in.) long also load readily intothe barrel. Refer to Table 2 or Table 3 of Test Method D 1238for the amount of charge which shall be adjusted accordinglywith melt density of CPT being used. Usually the chargeamount is 5
28、to 15 g. Flow rate shall be measured using a loadof 10,000 g for Type I Grades 1 and 2, and 5000 g for Type IGrades 3 and 4. Collect five successive cuts for the manualmethod.11.1.2 Precision and BiasPrecision and bias for this testmethod are to be determined by round-robin testing.11.2 Specific Gra
29、vityDetermine the specific gravity of aspecimen approximately 25 by 38 mm (1 by 1.5 in.) blanked orcut from the molded plaque (see Section 8) in accordance withthe procedures described in Test Methods D 792. Add twodrops of a wetting agent to the water in order to reduce thesurface tension and ensur
30、e complete wetting of the specimen.11.3 Melting Point:11.3.1 Melting Characteristics by Thermal AnalysisUsedifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as described in TestMethod D 3418 for this determination. For specification pur-poses, the test shall be run on a 10 6 2-mg specimen cut fromTABLE 1 Deta
31、il RequirementsType IGrade 1 2 3 4Specific gravity,min: 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12max: 2.17 2.17 2.17 2.17Melting point, C,min: 235 235 235 235max: 255 255 255 255Flow rate, g/10 min,min: 1A4A7B20Bmax: 4A15A20B40BTensile strength, min,:MPa 25 22.75 20.68 20.68psi 3625 3300 3000 3000Elongation, min, %: 300
32、275 260 250AMeasured with 10,000 g load.BMeasured with 5000 g loadD7471092a pellet of the resin as sold or received. The heating rate shallbe run at 10 6 1C (18 6 1.8F)/min to 330C (626F). Twopeaks during the initial melting test are observed occasionally.In this case, the peak temperatures shall be
33、 reported as Tlforthe lower temperature and Tufor the upper temperature. Thepeak temperature of the peak largest in height shall be reportedas the melting point if a single value is required. If a peaktemperature is difficult to discern from the curves, that is, if thepeak is rounded rather than poi
34、nted, straight lines shall bedrawn tangent to the sides of the peak. The temperaturecorresponding to the point where these lines intersect beyondthe peak shall be taken as the peak temperature.11.4 Tensile Properties:11.4.1 Cut five specimens with the microtensile die shownin Fig. 1 of Test Method D
35、 1708. The die shall be of thesteel-rule or solid metal type of curvature of 5 6 0.5-mm (0.26 0.02-in.) type. Determine the tensile properties in accor-dance with the procedures described in Test Method D 638except that the specimens used shall be as detailed above, theinitial jaw separation shall b
36、e 22.2 6 0.13 mm (0.875 6 0.005in.), and the speed of testing shall be 50 6 5 mm/min (2 6 0.2in./min). Clamp the specimens with essentially equal lengths ineach jaw. Determine the elongation from the chart, expressingit as a percentage of the initial jaw separation.12. Number of Tests12.1 One set of
37、 test specimens as prescribed in Section 11shall be considered sufficient for testing each sample. Theaverage result of the samples tested shall conform to therequirements of this specification.13. Certification and Inspection13.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference t
38、o this specification shall be for conformance tothe requirements specified herein.13.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of melt flow rate and melting point.13.3 Periodic-check inspection with r
39、eference to a specifi-cation shall consist of the tests for all requirements of thematerial under the specification. Inspection frequency shall beadequate to ensure the material is certifiable in accordance with13.4.13.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-tured by a process in stat
40、istical control, sampled, tested and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of thespecification.13.5 ReportsWhen specified in the purchase order orcontract, a report of the test results shall be furnished. Thereport shall consist of results of the lot-acceptance inspectionfor the s
41、hipment.14. Keywords14.1 chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer; copolymer of chlo-rotrifluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy, and tetrafluoroethylene;CPT copolymer; CTFE copolymer; ethylene copolymer; per-fluoroaloxy copolymer; PFA copolymer; tetrafluoroethylenecopolymer; TFE copolymerASTM International takes
42、 no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own resp
43、onsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addresse
44、d to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the
45、address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D7471093
