1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 292及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What is the conversation mainly about? （ A） A standard unit for measuring weight. （ B） How to care for precious metals. （ C） The value of precious metals. （ D） Using the metric system. 12 How is the weight used? （ A） To measure amounts of rainfall. （ B） To check the accuracy of
5、 scales. （ C） To observe changes in the atmosphere. （ D） To calculate the density of other metals. 13 What does Doctor Thomas probably think about the cost of the new weight? （ A） It is too high for such a light weight. （ B） It is difficult to judge the value of such an object. （ C） It is a small am
6、ount to pay for so much precious metal. （ D） It is reasonable for an object with such an important function. Questions 14 Why does a newborn baby have to spend the first year of his life learning to listen? （ A） Because he likes learning. （ B） Because his hearing center is still immature. （ C） Becau
7、se his ears are immature. （ D） Because he wants to know how to use his ears. 15 What s a newborn baby s reaction to a loud noise near him? （ A） Get angry. （ B） Look away. （ C） Begin crying. （ D） Ignore it. 16 When does a baby begin to use more vowels and consonants? （ A） When he is pleased. （ B） As
8、he grows. （ C） When he gets angry. （ D） When he hears other baby crying. 17 What is the occasion for the mans speech? （ A） Graduation. （ B） A class reunion. （ C） The dedication of a new building. （ D） The groundbreaking ceremony for a pedestrian walkway on campus. 18 In what aspect does State Univer
9、sity remain the same? （ A） The main campus. （ B） The student population. （ C） The age-old ideals. （ D） The programs of the Division of Continuing Education. 19 Why was University Tower torn down? （ A） Because a bell tower was to the built on the site. （ B） Because it was found unsafe. （ C） Because a
10、 parking lot was to be constructed there. （ D） Because no one wanted to preserve it. 20 What is the main idea of the mans speech? （ A） Everything at State University has changed in the past ten years. （ B） Although the campus looks the same, some things have changed at State University. （ C） In spit
11、e of the changes on the campus, the commitments of the State University remain the same. （ D） Everything has stayed the same at State University during the past ten years. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and
12、mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Nowadays, air travel is very【 C1】 _. We are not surprised when we watch on TV that a politician has talked with French President in Paris and attended a meeting in Beijing on the same day.【 C2】 _, if a person takes long-distance flying frequently, he can be so
13、 tired that he maybe feel his brain is in one country, his【 C3】_in another.【 C4】 _, he【 C5】 _knows where he is. When we fly from east to west or【 C6】 _versa, the【 C7】 _we experience after taking a long distance flying is【 C8】 _, because we cross time zones. According to doctors, air travelers, after
14、 crossing several time zones, are in no【 C9】 _to go to work, and they should go【 C10】 _to bed【 C11】_arrival. As to airline pilots who often live【 C12】 _their own watches and ignore local time, there is no need for them to worry about their health although they sometimes have breakfast at midnight, b
15、ecause they are used to【 C13】 _and are【 C14】 _fit. Many businessmen like long-distance flights, thinking they are【 C15】 _to have been chosen and they are out for promotion. They are lucky if the company follows the doctor s advice and allow them to rest for a day or two【 C16】 _working. However, some
16、times the manager is so energetic that he believes everyone is【 C17】_to be as fit as he is. Since he has never felt【 C18】 _after flying himself, the work he assigns is so【 C19】 _that the employee is too【 C20】 _to carry the work out satisfactorily. That is disastrous for the employee s health and the
17、 company s reputation. 21 【 C1】 （ A） ordinary （ B） common （ C） plain （ D） usual 22 【 C2】 （ A） Hence （ B） However （ C） Otherwise （ D） Furthermore 23 【 C3】 （ A） digestion （ B） concentration （ C） friends （ D） life 24 【 C4】 （ A） In short order （ B） All in one （ C） In a word （ D） In other words 25 【 C5】
18、（ A） almost （ B） nearly （ C） hardly （ D） practically 26 【 C6】 （ A） vice （ B） via （ C） vicar （ D） vibes 27 【 C7】 （ A） weary （ B） fatigue （ C） tired （ D） strain 28 【 C8】 （ A） strengthened （ B） increased （ C） reinforced （ D） aggravated 29 【 C9】 （ A） status （ B） state （ C） situation （ D） condition 30 【
19、C10】 （ A） away （ B） straggly （ C） straightforward （ D） straight 31 【 C11】 （ A） in （ B） when （ C） after （ D） on 32 【 C12】 （ A） on （ B） by （ C） upon （ D） with 33 【 C13】 （ A） fly （ B） flying （ C） live （ D） lives 34 【 C14】 （ A） mentally （ B） emotionally （ C） physically （ D） bodily 35 【 C15】 （ A） favored
20、 （ B） flattened （ C） flayed （ D） flattered 36 【 C16】 （ A） before （ B） behind （ C） after （ D） in front of 37 【 C17】 （ A） likely （ B） supposed （ C） going （ D） expected 38 【 C18】 （ A） discontent （ B） resentful （ C） dissatisfied （ D） uncomfortable 39 【 C19】 （ A） demeaning （ B） demanding （ C） demonstrati
21、ve （ D） deplorable 40 【 C20】 （ A） sleepy （ B） excited （ C） exhausted （ D） angry Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 The core of Greece s troubles is too much spending, too little tax
22、-collecting and book-cooking. Spain and Ireland are in trouble even if the percentage of their public debt in gross domestic product is much smaller than that of Germany. Italy, also in the financial markets crosshairs, has high public debt but a lower deficit than the eurozone s average. The root o
23、f these countries problems is that their prices and wages have risen much faster than those of other eurozone members. There are two ways to mitigate the pain. First, to adopt temporarily more expansionary fiscal policies for a while. Or, more powerfully, the wider euro area could adopt more expansi
24、onary monetary policies for several years. As to the second option, the “inflation fundamentalists“ will have none of it. This elite consisting of central bankers, top economic officials, politicians, academics and journalists insists that it is unacceptable to allow inflation to climb above two per
25、cent. Hyper-inflation in Germany in the 1930s and stagflation in industrial countries in the 1970s and 1980s support their view. It s true that moderate inflation can creep up to become high inflation. But inflation fundamentalism can also hurt. There is little if any empirical evidence that moderat
26、e inflation hurts growth. In most countries, cutting actual wages is politically difficult if not impossible. But, to regain competitiveness and balance the books, real wage adjustments are sometimes inevitable. A slightly higher level of inflation allows for this painful adjustment with a lower lev
27、el of political conflict. On the other hand, ultra-low inflation, in a recession, can easily become deflation. Falling prices encourage people to defer spending, which makes things worse and erodes tax payments, impairing a government s ability to pay debt. That in turn increases the debt s size and
28、 costs. In addition, a single-minded focus on inflation makes it easy for policymakers to lose sight of the broader picture-asset prices, growth and employment. Policy can become too tight or too loose as in the run-up to the crisis in the U. S. when low inflation was seen as a comforting sign that
29、things were in order. In a recession, ultra-low inflation also reduces the effectiveness of monetary policy since interest rates cannot go below zero. The crisis in the euro area highlights the need for a more open-minded discussion of the merits and costs of ultra-low inflation. 41 In the author s
30、opinion, the second way to mitigate the pain is_. （ A） cutting the spending （ B） controlling inflation within two percent （ C） ultra-low inflation （ D） moderate inflation 42 Which of the following inflation might be accepted by the author? （ A） 2%. （ B） 1%. （ C） 4%. （ D） 8%. 43 We can learn from the
31、 fourth paragraph that_. （ A） moderate inflation hurts growth （ B） it is unnecessary to cut actual wages （ C） the author opposes moderate inflation （ D） the author opposes inflation fundamentalism 44 The word “books“ (line 5, paragraph 4)means_. （ A） tickets （ B） accounts （ C） works （ D） stamps 45 W
32、hat is the text mainly about? （ A） The core of Greece s trouble. （ B） Two ways to solve the problems of Greece, Spain, Ireland and Italy. （ C） The merits of inflation fundamentalism. （ D） The shortcomings of inflation fundamentalism. 45 Slavery has played a significant role in the history of the U.
33、S. It existed in all the English mainland colonies and most of the Founding Fathers also had slaves, as did eight of the first 12 presidents. Dutch traders brought 20 Africans to Jamestown, Virginia, as early as 1619, however, throughout the 17 th century the number of Africans in the English mainla
34、nd colonies grew very slowly. At that time, colonists used two other sources of unfree labor: Native American slaves and European indentured servants. During those years, every colony had some Native American slaves, but their number was limited. Indian men avoided performing agricultural labor, bec
35、ause they viewed it as women s work, and colonists complained that they were too “haughty“. The more important was that the settlers found it more convenient to sell Native Americans captured in war to planters in the Caribbean than to turn them into slaves, because they often resisted and it was no
36、t hard for the slaves to escape. Later, the policy of killing Indians or driving them away from white settlements was proposed and it contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves. The other form of labor was the white indentured servitude. Most indentured servants consisted of poor Europe
37、ans. Desiring to escape tough conditions in Europe and take advantage of fabled opportunities in America, they traded three to seven years of their labor in exchange for the transatlantic passage. At first, it was mainly English who were the white indentured servitude but later increasingly Irish, W
38、elsh, and German joined. They were essentially temporary slaves and most of them served as agricultural workers although some, especially in the North, were taught skilled trades. During the 17th century, they performed most of heavy labor in the Southern colonies and also consisted of the bulk of i
39、mmigrants to those colonies. At the end of the 17 th century, in order to meet the labor need, landowners in America turned to African slaves. During the late 17th and 18th centuries, thanks to the dominant position of England in terms of naval superiority, English traders (some of whom lived in Eng
40、lish America) transported millions of Africans across the Atlantic. And the transatlantic slave trade produced one of the largest forced migrations in history, blacks (the great majority of whom were slaves) increasing from about 7 percent of the American population in 1680 to more than 40 percent b
41、y the middle of the 18th century. 46 Which of the following was true of the slavery in America? （ A） The colonists sold African Americans to planters in the Caribbean. （ B） Native American slaves performed agricultural labor. （ C） During the 17th century, the white indentured servitude was the main
42、labor in the Southern colonies. （ D） It was at the end of the 17th century that African people began to be brought to America. 47 We can infer from the sentence“ Later, the policy of killing Indians or . contradicted with their widespread employment as slaves“ that_. （ A） many Indians were killed by
43、 White settlers （ B） many Indians were drove away from white settlements （ C） the Indians were slaves in a wide-spread way （ D） white settlers must have to find other source of labor 48 In the third paragraph, the author mainly argues that_. （ A） the number of Native American slaves was very small （
44、 B） the colonists thought that the Native American slaves were very haughty （ C） the Native American slaves had been treated cruelly （ D） the Native American slaves always resisted 49 Which of the following wasnt the opinion of the colonists towards the Native American slaves? （ A） The Native Americ
45、an slaves were very haughty. （ B） The Native American slaves were very lazy. （ C） The Native American slaves were hard to control. （ D） The Native American slaves always found ways to escape. 50 The relation between the second paragraph and the next following two paragraphs is that in the next follo
46、wing two paragraphs the author_. （ A） further elaborates the issue discussed in the second paragraph （ B） modifies the point of view in the second paragraph （ C） changes the view expressed in the second paragraph （ D） offers the reason to support the viewpoint in the second paragraph 50 U. S. health
47、 officials are increasing surveillance measures at doctors offices and international borders to guard against the spread of swine flu. Washington also has begun dispersing medicine from a federal stockpile. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says there have been only mild cases of swine
48、flu in the United States, but experts remain on guard. Acting agency director, Richard Besser, says the epidemic in Mexico prompted U. S. doctors to begin monitoring actively for possible infections. “ We are asking doctors when they see someone who has flu-like illness who has traveled to an affect
49、ed region, to do a culture, take a swab in the nose and send it to the lab so we can see: is it influenza, is it this type?“ he said. Speaking Sunday at the White House, Besser said the extra detection efforts have enabled officials to find more infections than under normal circumstances. He also says he expects the number of infections will rise and the illness will spread to other U. S. regions, as doctors continue to monit
