1、Designation: E69 02 (Reapproved 2007)E69 15Standard Test Method forCombustible Properties of Treated Wood by the Fire-TubeApparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E69; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers fire-tube test procedures for fire tests for combustible properties of wood trea
3、ted to reduceflammability. This test method relates to properties of treated wood, as such, rather than to the performance of a fabrication usedas an element of construction. Performance under this test method shall be as prescribed in requirements applicable to materialsintended for specific uses.1
4、.2 This test method is a fire-test-response standard.1.3 The SI values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.1.4 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response toheat and flame under controlled laborator
5、y conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire riskof materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a firerisk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent t
6、o an assessment of the fire hazard of a particularend use. This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame undercontrolled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of
7、 the materials,products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the a
8、pplicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.6 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting thesetests.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based ProductsE176 Terminology of
9、 Fire Standards3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms found in this test method, refer to Terminologies D9 and E176.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide a relative measurement of the combustibility of fire-retardant-treated woodspecimens based on th
10、eir percentage loss in weight under controlled fire exposure conditions (1).3 In addition, other possible datainclude rate of weight loss, time of flaming and afterglowing, increase in temperature, and maximum vertical flame progress.4.2 This test method is not sufficiently large scale to evaluate t
11、he suitability of a given treated product for building construction,but it is a convenient method to use for purposes of development or as a quality-control test during manufacture.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommi
12、ttee D07.07 on Fire Performance of Wood.Current edition approved April 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2015. Published April 2007February 2016. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 asE69 02.E69 02 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/E0069-02R07.10.1520/E0069-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, vis
13、it theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this test me
14、thod.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prio
15、r editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.3 This test method gives a procedure for
16、sampling and preparation of test specimens from a lot of treated material in whichcomplete penetration is a requirement. A procedure is also given for the sampling of charges at a treating plant for purposes ofquality control of the treatment process.4.4 This test method has proven useful for evalua
17、ting comparative fire performance effectiveness of fire-retardant chemicals andtreatment formulations for wood and wood products (2-5).4.5 In this test method, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory test conditions. If different testconditions are substituted or the a
18、nticipated end-use conditions are changed, it may not be possible by or from this test methodto predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposureconditions described in this procedure.5. Apparatus5.1 The apparatus for
19、 conducting the fire-tube test shall consist of the fire-tube assembly and accessory equipment as follows:5.1.1 Fire-Tube AssemblyA specially constructed balance designed to indicate directly the percentage loss of weight sufferedby the test specimen when exposed to a standardized flame for a given
20、duration. Essential construction details of the apparatusassembly are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.5.1.2 Igniting BurnerThe igniting burner is to be of the low-form (curved-stem) bunsen type, having an inside tube diameterof 38 in. (9.5 mm) and attached to a ring-stand support. The igniting burner sha
21、ll be provided with a device to maintain a constantgas flow, as described in 5.1.2.1 and the flame calibration, as required by 9.4.5.1.2.1 Gas Flow DeviceTypical devices utilized to control gas flow are manometers, pressure regulators or gas flowmeterswith a rating of 0 to 5 SCFH (0 to 142 L/h). A g
22、as flowmeter is desirable since they are readily available, very accurate, andinexpensive.5.1.3 Temperature-Indicating ApparatusA thermometer or thermocouple equipment that will indicate temperatures up to1000F (538C).FIG. 1 Construction Details of Fire-Tube ApparatusInch-Pound Units SI Units Inch-P
23、ound Units SI Units18 in. 3 mm 4916 in. 116 mm14 in. 6 mm 434 in. 121 mm38 in. 9.5 mm 512 in. 140 mm34 in. 19 mm 6 in. 152 mm1 in. 25 mm 8 in. 203 mm114 in. 31.7 mm 28 in. 711 mm112 in. 38 mm 33 in. 838 mm3 in. 76 mm 38 in. 965 mm312 in. 89 mm 4 ft 6 in. 1.35 m4716 in. 113 mmE69 1525.1.4 TimerA timi
24、ng device capable of being read to minutes and seconds.5.1.5 BalanceA balance with readability of 0.1 g and suitable for weighing test specimens and moisture-content samples.5.1.6 OvenA suitable thermostatically controlled oven for moisture-content determinations.6. Sampling and Test Specimens for W
25、ood Impregnated Throughout Entire Section6.1 For interior trim or other lumber requiring penetration of treating solution throughout the section (but not for wood givenincomplete penetration), the test specimens shall be prepared as follows:6.1.1 At least one sample shall be taken from the lot for e
26、ach 5000 bd ft or fraction thereof. Different species, and pieces ofthe same species with widely different thicknesses, shall be considered as separate lots and sampled accordingly. The samples shallbe selected so as to include material from different sections of a finished unit or different lengths
27、 of finished trim, or to includevariations such as heartwood or sapwood, rate of growth, density, and other visible nonuniformities. Samples shall be cut not closerthan 2 ft (0.6 m) from the ends of treated boards.6.1.2 Not less than five tests shall be made from each sample, except that where the q
28、uantity is less than 2000 bd ft the numberof tests shall be left to the discretion of the testing authority but shall be not less than two.6.1.3 The standard specimens cut from the selected samples shall be 38 by 34 in. (9.5 by 19 mm) in cross section by 40 in. (1016mm) in length, with surfaces smoo
29、th-sawed to dimensions within 6132 in. (0.8 mm). Each test specimen shall consist of one piecesawed the full 40-in. length or shall be made up of several shorter pieces joined at squared ends with six small wire staples at eachjoint to give a combined length of 40 in.6.1.4 From samples taken from bo
30、ards having thicknesses of 34 in. (19 mm) or more, the specimen shall be prepared by cutting38 by 34-in. (9.5 by 19-mm) pieces longitudinally, not nearer than 38 in. from the edge of the sample, and so that the face of thesample appears as one, or both, of the 38-in. edges of the specimen; provided,
31、 however, that if the thickness of the sample exceeds112 in. (38 mm) an additional test specimen shall be cut from the center of the piece with the 38-in. edge parallel to the edge ofthe sample.6.1.5 From samples taken from boards having thicknesses of 38 in. (9.5 mm) or more but less than 34 in. (1
32、9 mm), the specimenshall be prepared by cutting 38 by 34-in. pieces longitudinally not nearer than 38 in. from the edge of the same and so that the faceof the sample appears as one, or both, of the 34-in. faces of the specimen.FIG. 2 Assembly of Fire-Tube Apparatus for Procedure AE69 1536.1.6 When t
33、he material to be tested is less than 38 in. (9.5 mm) in thickness, a specimen built up in laminated form with pliesof approximately equal thickness is acceptable. The plies shall be dressed smooth and assembled by nailing with 38-in. steel-wirebrads (No. 20 Bwg, 0.035-in. nominal thickness). The we
34、ight of nails used shall be recorded for correction of the weight of thespecimen.6.1.7 A composite specimen prepared from more than one sample piece shall be taken so as to be representative of the averagequality of the materials to be tested.7. Sampling and Test Specimens7.1 Where arrangements are
35、made for sampling of each charge at the treating plant, the specimens shall be obtained as follows:7.1.1 No charge shall contain less than six sample pieces. These sample pieces shall be of Douglas fir or of the same speciesand commodity (lumber, plywood, and so forth) of wood as the rest of the mat
36、erial in the charge. Each sample shall bear anidentification mark.7.1.2 Placement of sample pieces in the material to be treated on a tram shall be representative of the average exposure to thetreating solution and yet be accessible for ready removal without seriously disturbing the loading.7.1.3 Sa
37、mple pieces shall be 38 by 34 6 132 in. (9.5 by 19 6 0.8 mm) in cross section and be at least 42 in. (1.1 m) in length.7.1.4 Fire-tube test specimens shall be cut from each selected sample and shall be 40 in. (1.016 m) in length, within 6132 in.(0.8 mm). The remainder of the sample 2-in. (51-mm) or
38、greater in length shall be cut off for moisture test specimens.8. Conditioning8.1 The moisture content of the specimen when tested shall be 7 6 3 weight % of the dry material. Make the moisturedetermination for each specimen on a piece 38 by 34 in. (9.5 by 19 mm) in cross section and 2 to 8 in. (51
39、to 203 mm) in length,cut adjacent to one end of the specimens. Weigh the moisture test specimen and the fire tube test specimen to the nearest 0.1 gor less and record. Dry the moisture test specimen for 24 h at 212 6 3F (100 6 1.7C) or until a constant weight is achieved.Constant weight is achieved
40、when readings are taken 2 h apart and agree within 0.2 %. Calculate the moisture content as follows:X 5Wi 2WOD#/WOD3100 (1)where:X = moisture content of the moisture test specimen, %,Wi = initial weight of the moisture sample, andWOD = oven dry weight of the moisture sample.If the moisture content e
41、xceeds 10 %, condition the fire tube test sample or prepared specimen by drying at temperatures notexceeding 160F (71C) until the moisture content is within the prescribed limits of 4 to 10 %. If the moisture content of thespecimen is less than 4 %, the moisture content can be increased by storing t
42、he specimen on a wire screen placed over a pan ofwater. If not tested immediately, store the specimen, after conditioning, in such a manner as to prevent absorption or loss of water.8.2 Calculate the weight to which the fire tube test specimen must be conditioned to contain 10 % moisture as follows:
43、Wt5110/1001X!# 3Wo (2)where:Wt = desired weight of the fire tube test specimen containing 10 % moisture at time of test,Wo = original weight of the fire tube test specimen before conditioning, andX = moisture content of the moisture test specimen, %.NOTE 1If, for example, X = 15 % and the Wo = 145 g
44、, the specimen would be dried to a weight of 0.96 Wo or 138.7 g to contain 10 % moisture.8.3 Calculate the weight to which the fire tube test specimen must be conditioned to contain 4 % moisture as follows:Wt 5104/1001X!# 3Wo (3)where Wt is the desired weight of the fire tube test specimen containin
45、g 4 % moisture at time of test.9. Procedure A9.1 Use Procedure A where a continuous check on the percentage loss of weight of specimens during exposure to the flame isto be made.9.2 Conduct the test either in a room free of violent drafts or in a laboratory hood.9.3 Adjust the temperature probe so t
46、hat the tip of the thermometer or thermocouple is flush with and in the center of the topplane of the test apparatus.9.4 Adjustment of BurnerPlace the burner within the empty fire tube, so that the top of the burner is 1 in. (25 mm) below a40 in. (1.02 m) fire tube specimen hung in place with a 14 i
47、n. (6 mm) cup hook. Adjust the burner and gas regulator to give a blueflame approximately 11 in. (279 mm) in height, with a tall indistinct inner cone. Regulate the flame further to produce aE69 154temperature of 356 6 9F (180 6 5C) at the top of the fire tube. This setting should be maintained for
48、at least 1 min to be surethat the flame has stabilized. When the adjustment is satisfactory, withdraw the lighted burner from the fire tube.9.5 Adjustment of Fire-Tube Weighing ApparatusAfter ensuring that the beam and fire tube swing freely on their respectiveknife edges, adjust the apparatus (Note
49、 2) as follows so that the end of the pointer comes to rest:9.5.1 At the 100 % mark on the loss-of-weight chart when the previously warmed fire tube is empty except for a screw hookused for suspending the specimen, and9.5.2 At the 0 % mark when the fire tube contains the suspended specimen.NOTE 2Adjustment 7.4.1 is made by suitable manipulation of the counter-weights R and T (Fig. 1), with Rod S forming an angle of approximately45 with the vertical. Adjustment 7.4.2 is made by appropriately raising or lowering Ch
