1、Designation: E1044 96 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Specification forGlass Serological Pipets (General Purpose and Kahn)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea
2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers glass serological pipets, usedin measuring volumes of liquids.1.2 This international st
3、andard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2.
4、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory ApparatusE542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory ApparatusE694 Specification for Laboratory Gl
5、ass Volumetric Appa-ratusE920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United States Government Procure-mentsE1157 Specification for Sampling and
6、 Testing of ReusableLaboratory Glassware3. Classification3.1 Style and CapacityPipets covered by this specificationshall be of the following styles and capacities:3.1.1 Style IGeneral purpose top end.3.1.2 Style IICotton plugging top end.3.1.3 Style IIICotton plugging top end, large tip opening.3.1.
7、4 Capacities (mL)0.1; 0.1 (Kahn); 0.2; 0.2 (Kahn);0.25 (Kahn); 0.5; 0.60 (Kahn); 1.0; 2.0; 5.0; 10.0; and 25.0.4. General Requirements4.1 Borosilicate GlassBorosilicate glass for pipets shallconform to the glass requirements of Type 1, Class A or B ofSpecification E438.4.2 CalibrationPipets shall be
8、 calibrated in accordancewith Practice E542 to deliver (TD) the intended capacity ofdistilled water at 20C when the last drop is blown out, exceptthe 0.25 mL Kahn pipet; this Kahn pipet shall have a clearungraduated space of not less than 63 mm between thelowermost graduation mark and the tip of the
9、 pipet. The pipetshall be filled about 10 mm above the capacity line. Removeany water on the outside of the tip by a downward wipe withfilter paper. Next, place the tip in contact with the wetted wallof a beaker and slowly lower the meniscus to the capacity line.Do not remove any water remaining on
10、the tip at this time.Delivery of the contents into a receiving vessel is made withthe tip in contact with the wall of the vessel. When the waterhas ceased to flow, the water remaining in the tip is then blownout with one firm puff with the tip in contact with the wall ofthe vessel, if possible. No a
11、fter-drainage period is allowed.Capacity tolerances shall be within the limits given in Table 1.4.3 AnnealingThe maximum residual thermal stress shallbe such as to conform to Specification E671, except thattempered tips or tempered tops, or both, may be supplied at theoption of the manufacturer. The
12、 tempered tip, when examinedin index oil that matches the refractive index of the glass beingused, shall have a temper between 75 and 220 nm.5. Design5.1 ShapeThe pipets shall be straight and of one-piececonstruction. Any cross section of a pipet taken in a planeperpendicular to the longitudinal axi
13、s shall be circular.5.2 Delivery TipsDelivery tips shall be made with agradual taper of 15 to 30 mm for capacities up to 5 mLinclusive, and 20 to 35 mm for 10 and 25 mL capacity pipets.The end of the tip shall be perpendicular to the longitudinalaxis of the pipet. Sudden constriction at the orifice
14、shall not be1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onLaboratory Ware and Supplies.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published January 2018. Originallyapproved in 1985. Last previous editi
15、on approved in 2011 as E1044 96 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/E1044-96R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM websi
16、te.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of In
17、ternational Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1acceptable. The outside edge of the tip shall be bevelledslightly at the end, and the bevel shall be ground or firepol-ished.5.3 Zero Graduation Line PositionThe dist
18、ance from thetop end to the top graduation of all pipets (except for 0.5 mLand Kahn pipets) shall be not less than 100 mm nor more than150 mm from the zero graduation line; for 0.5 mL and Kahnpipets this distance shall be not less than 90 mm nor more than150 mm.5.4 Dimensions and Outflow TimesThe li
19、miting dimen-sions and outflow times shall be as shown in Table 1. Outflowtimes shall be determined on unplugged pipets using distilledwater at 25 6 5C and by means of a stopwatch. Outflow timeshall be determined by the unrestricted outflow of the waterfrom the zero mark until the water has ceased t
20、o flow.5.5 MarkingsAll markings shall be permanent and leg-ible.5.5.1 Graduation MarkingsGraduation lines shall not ex-ceed 0.4 mm in thickness and shall be in a plane perpendicularto the vertical axis of the pipet. The lines and other markingsshall be applied by one of the following methods: etched
21、 andfilled with a permanent pigment; etched through a verticalcolored stripe fused into the glass; by application of a stainfired into the glass without etching; or by application of anenamel fired onto the glass without etching. Lengths of lines,numbering and patterns shall be in accordance with Sp
22、ecifica-tion E694.5.5.2 Color CodingEach pipet shall be marked with oneor two color bands as specified in Table 1. The single colorband should be 5 to 10 mm wide, while the double color bandsshould each be 3 to 5 mm wide and separated by a clear spaceat 2 to 3 mm. Color bands do not have to be conti
23、nuous butmay be broken as long as they cover 40 % of the circumferenceof the pipet. Colors must be bright and distinct.5.5.3 Identification MarkingsEach pipet, marked by oneof the methods given in 5.5.1, shall show the manufacturersname or trademark, the nominal capacity, the temperature ofcalibrati
24、on, 20C, and the word “delivers” or any of thefollowing symbols: TD, TD-EX, TD (EX), EX-TD, EX(TD) orEX. Pipets calibrated TD by blowing out the last drop shall beidentified by a wide band or two narrow bands permanentlymarked on their top end.5.6 WorkmanshipPipets shall be free of defects whichmay
25、distort the appearance of the liquid surface or may impairtheir serviceability.6. Sampling and Testing6.1 For sampling and testing refer to Specification E1157.7. Packaging7.1 For packaging, select from Specifications E920, E921and Practice E1133.8. Keywords8.1 glass; pipets; reusable; serologicalTA
26、BLE 1 Requirements for Glass Serological PipetsCapacity, mLCapacityTolerance,+ormLGraduations, mL OutsideDiameterGraduatedPortion, min,mmStyle I and II: OutflowTime, sStyle III: Nominal TipOpening, mmColor CodingBandLeast ValueMainNumberedInterval Graduated0.0 to at leastmin max0.1 0.005 0.01 0.01 0
27、.09 5.5 0.5 3 white0.1A0.005 0.01 0.01 0.09 5.5 0.5 3 2 green0.2 0.008 0.001 0.02 0.19 5.5 0.5 3 black0.2A0.008 0.001 0.01 0.19 5.5 0.5 3 2 blue0.25B0.008 0.0125 0.05 0.25 5.5 0.5 3 0.5 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.45 5.5 0.5 3 2 yellow0.5 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.45 5.5 0.5 3 2 black0.60A0.01 0.15 0.15 0.45 6.0 0.5 3
28、1.0 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.95 6.0 1 5 yellow1.0 0.02 0.1 0.1 0.9 6.0 1 5 2.0 red2.0 0.02 0.01 0.02 1.9 6.0 1 5 2.5 2 white2.0 0.02 0.1 0.2 1.9 6.75 1 5 2.5 green5.0 0.04 0.1 1.0 4.5 7.5 3 10 3.0 blue10.0 0.06 0.1 1.0 9.5 9.5 5 15 3.0 orange25.0 0.10 0.1 1.0 23.0 10.5 5 15 3.0 whiteAKahn serological pipets,
29、 calibrated to tip.BKahn serological pipets, calibrated to base.E1044 96 (2018)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the val
30、idity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your com
31、ments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have
32、 not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple
33、copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 96 (2018)3
