1、Designation: E 1555 03Standard Specification forStructural Paste Adhesive for Sandwich Panel Repair1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1555; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification defines those characteristic
3、s that arerequired of adhesives to be used in the repair of sandwichpanels for durable, rigidwall, relocatable structures.1.1.1 This specification covers two-part epoxy adhesivesuitable for bonding aluminum alloy facings to nonmetalliccore and core to core in the repair of durable rigidwallrelocatab
4、le structures. The adhesive shall be suitable forforming bonds that will withstand exposure to temperaturesfrom 54 to 93C (65 to 199F) and high relative humidityand will also withstand the combinations of stress, temperature,and relative humidity that are expected to be encountered inservice. The ad
5、hesive shall also be suitable for the bonding ofpanel inserts and edge attachments.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard where only SI units are given, or where SI units aregiven first followed by inch-pound units; where inch-poundunits are given first followed by SI un
6、its, the inch-pound unitsare to be regarded as the standard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the u
7、ser of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and Plate2D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of
8、Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)3D 1781 Test Method for Climbing Drum Peel for Adhe-sives3D 2919 Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhe-sive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading3E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machi
9、nes4E 864 Practice for Surface Preparation ofAluminumAlloysto Be Adhesively Bonded in Honeycomb Shelter Panels5E 1091 Specification for Nonmetallic Honeycomb Core forUse in Shelter Panels52.2 Federal Specifications:6QQ-A-250/8d Aluminum Alloy 5052 H34 Plate and SheetQQ-A-250/11d Aluminum Alloy 6061
10、T6 Plate and SheetMIL-STD-401 Sandwich Constructions and Core Materials;General Test Methods3. Material3.1 The adhesive shall be a two-part thermosetting epoxypaste containing no asbestos and when tested using the testmethods described in Section 6, shall meet the requirements ofSection 4. The adhes
11、ive shall not have a deleterious effect onthe components being bonded over the range of temperatures atwhich the adhesive will be used.4. Physical Requirements4.1 Working Characteristics:4.1.1 ApplicationThe adhesive shall be suitable for appli-cation to facings and core materials.The adhesive shall
12、 not dripand shall not develop an overall average sag of 6.3 mm (0.25in.) or more when tested in accordance with the proceduresdescribed in 6.7.4.1.2 Adhesive LifeThe adhesive, when mixed in 1-qt kitquantities in a standard quart paint can, allowed to sit for 30min at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F), and then
13、 used to prepare testspecimens as prescribed in 6.1-6.3, shall still be able to deliverthe lap shear property levels listed in Table 1 for the 23Ctemperature test condition.4.1.3 The adhesive, when mixed in a quart kit and allowedto stand in ambient still air, shall not, as a result of anexothermic
14、reaction, heat itself to a temperature of 49C(120F) or above. This shall be performed in a chemical fume1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.53on Materials and Processes for Durable Rigidwa
15、ll Relocatable Structures.Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published May 2003. Originallyapproved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as E 155598.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.5Annual
16、Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.11.6Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.hood so that heat an
17、d any potentially toxic fumes that may bereleased as a result of exothermic reaction are controlled. Apreliminary test, using a pint kit, shall be conducted todetermine if a potential problem exists.4.1.4 CuringThe adhesive shall be capable of curing at 236 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) in 7 days, or for no long
18、er than3hata temperature of 60 to 66C (140 to 150.8F), with a curingpressure not to exceed 14 psig. In a 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F)cure, the curing pressure shall also be a maximum of 14 psigand shall only be required during the first 24 h of cure. In a 236 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) cure, the adhesive shall be ca
19、pable ofdeveloping 3.45 MPa (500 psi) lap shear strength, when testedat 23C temperature, within the first 24 h of cure.4.1.5 Mix RatioThe mix ratio for the two parts of theadhesive shall be defined by the manufacturer but shall be inthe range from 10:1 to 1:1 by weight.4.2 Storage LifeThe storage li
20、fe of the two parts of theadhesive, from date of shipment, when stored in airtightcontainers at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F)j, shall be at least 12months. The adhesive shall be considered to have met thisstorage life requirement if all the characteristics described in4.1 and 4.3 are met by the adhesive aft
21、er the 12-month storageperiod described above.4.3 Mechanical Properties The mechanical properties ofthe adhesive, when cured for3hat636 3C (145.4 6 5.4F)or 7 days at 23 6 3 C (73.4 6 5.4F) at a cure pressure notto exceed 14 psig, shall meet the requirements of Tables 1-4.5. Significance and Use5.1 A
22、dhesives used in the repair of sandwich panels fordurable, rigidwall, relocatable structures must have a combi-nation of mechanical property levels and environmental resis-tance that will ensure long-term durability of the adhesivebonds when exposed to severe climatic exposures. In addition,these ad
23、hesives must have processability characteristics thatpermit their use in a variety of repair scenarios and environ-ments.5.2 This specification defines those characteristics that arerequired of adhesives to be used in the repair of sandwichpanels for durable, rigidwall, relocatable structures.6. Tes
24、t Methods6.1 Preparation of Test SpecimensThe adherends shall beeither 6061 T6 or 5052 H34 aluminum alloy (Federal Specifi-cation QQ-A-250/11d or QQ-A250/8d, repspectively or Speci-fication B 209) and shall be cleaned as prescribed in PracticeE 864.6.2 ApparatusThe testing machine shall conform to t
25、herequirements of Practices E4. The load range shall be selectedso that the maximum loads for each type of test conducted fallsbetween 15 and 85 % of the full-scale capacity. Autographicequipment, or equipment that will produce equivalent accu-racy, shall be used to record loads.6.3 Lap-Shear Streng
26、thThe lap shear tests shall be per-formed in accordance with Test Method D 1002 and at the testconditions listed in Table 1. In all tests the test chamber shallbe stabilized at the test temperature for 45 min prior to the testand before the specimens are placed in it.6.3.1 Reduced and Elevated Tempe
27、rature TestsFor thetest to be conducted on specimens that have not been humidity-aged, bring the specimens to the test temperature, as indicatedby a thermocouple at the bond area, and stabilize for 10 minjust prior to test.6.3.2 Elevated Temperature Test after Humidity AgingThespecimen shall be main
28、tained in the humid environment untilimmediately before insertion into the test chamber. The speci-men shall be inserted into the test chamber and the chambertemperature returned to the test temperature as rapidly aspossible to minimize specimen dryout. Based on the thermo-couple located at the bond
29、 area, commence the test 2 min afterthe thermocouple returns to the test temperature.6.4 Flatwise Tensile StrengthSandwich specimens shallbe prepared using nonmetallic honeycomb core meeting therequirements of Specification E 1091, Type IV. The specimensshall have an area of 58 cm2(9 in.2) and be te
30、sted in accordancewith the requirements in MIL-STD-401. The facing skins shallbe a minimum of 0.51 mm (0.020 in.) thick. The adhesive layerbetween the facing skins and the honeycomb core shall beuniformly applied at a rate of 0.0488 gm/cm2(0.1 lb/ft2).TABLE 1 Tensile Lap Shear (Test Method D 1002)Te
31、st ConditionANumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage MustExceedMinimum MustExceedBC (F) MPa (psi) MPa (psi)54 6 3 (65 6 5) 6 13.8 (2000) 11.7 (1700)23 6 3(736 5) 6 17.9 (2600) 15.2 (2200)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 16.5 (2400) 14.1 (2050)93 6 3 (199 6 5) 6 10.3 (1500) 8.6 (1250)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 8.3 (1200) 7.0
32、 (1020)AAfter 30 day exposure to 60 6 3C (140 6 5F) and 95 to 100 % relativehumidity.BAll specimens tested must exceed these minimum values.TABLE 2 Flatwise Tension (Specification E 1091)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage Must ExceedMinimum MustExceedAC (F) MPa (psi) MPa (psi)54 6 3
33、(65 6 5) 6 2.11 (306) 1.79 (260)23 6 3(736 5) 6 2.11 (306) 1.79 (260)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 1.56 (226) 1.33 (192)AAll specimens tested must exceed these minimum values.TABLE 3 Climbing Drum Peel (Method D 1781)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto beTestedAverage Must ExceedMinimum MustExceedAC (F) N-m/m (
34、in.-lb/in.) N-m/m (in.-lb/in.)54 6 3 (65 6 5) 6 18 (4.04) 15.3 (3.4)23 6 3(736 5) 6 36 (8.08) 30.6 (6.8)60 6 3 (140 6 5) 6 24 (6.06) 22.7 (5.1)AAll specimens tested must exceed these minimum values.TABLE 4 Durability Test (Test Method D 2919)Test ConditionNumber ofSpecimensto be TestedApplied Stress
35、 AverageTime toFailure toExceedMPa (psi)60 6 3C (140 6 5F) and95 to 100 % R.H.668.311.0(1200)(1600)400 h50 hE15550326.4.1 Reduced and Elevated Temperature TestsStabilizethe chamber used to test the specimens at the test temperaturefor 45 min prior to the test and before the specimens are placedin it
36、. Bring the specimens to the required test temperature, asindicated by a thermocouple at the bond area, and stabilize for10 min just prior to test.6.5 Climbing Drum Peel StrengthSandwich specimensshall be prepared using nonmetallic honeycomb core meetingthe requirements of Specification E 1091, Type
37、 IV. The speci-mens shall be of the dimensions specified and tested inaccordance with the requirements in Method D 1781. Thepeeling face skin shall be 6061 T6 or 5052 H34 aluminumalloy, 0.51 mm (0.020 in.) thick. The adhesive is to beuniformly applied on each skin of the sandwich construction ata ra
38、te of 0.0488 gm/cm2(0.1 lb/ft2).6.5.1 Reduced and Elevated Temperature TestsRepeat6.4.1.6.6 Dead Load Stress DurabilityTest the specimens inaccordance with Test Method D 2919. Maintain the conditionsof the test chamber at 60 6 3C (140 6 5.4F) and 95 to 100 %relative humidity.6.7 SagSag shall be defi
39、ned as the average length of theadhesive flow line maxima down a vertical plate when tested at23 6 3C (73.9 6 5.4F) in the manner described below.6.7.1 Materials RequiredThe following materials are re-quired to carry out the sag test:6.7.1.1 Aluminum test panel conforming to dimensionsshown in Fig.
40、1a, solvent cleaned, and having lightly scribedlines located as shown in Fig. 1a,6.7.1.2 Aluminum screeding templates, conforming to di-mensions shown in Fig. 2, and6.7.1.3 Notched rack to hold test panels in vertical position.6.7.2 Application of Adhesive to Test PanelUsing a suit-able applicator,
41、apply3goffreshly mixed adhesive to therectangular area of the aluminum test panel outlined by thelight scribe lines. Spread this uniformly over the rectangulararea, ensuring that the adhesive extends to or slightly beyondthe edges of the rectangle. Avoid incorporating voids into thisadhesive test pa
42、tch. Draw the vertical screeding template,illustrated in Fig. 2b, across the length of the test panel onetime in a bottom to top direction. The purpose of this is to leavean adhesive test patch with uniform thickness and well-definedside edges. If adhesive smears are left on the test panel afterthis
43、 step, these shall be ignored as long as the side edges of thetest patch are well-defined. When required to generate well-defined edges, this step shall be repeated a second time. Nextdraw the horizontal screeding template, illustrated in Fig. 2a,across the width of the test panel one time. The purp
44、ose of thisis to establish well-defined upper and lower edges with as little,and preferably no, adhesive left on the test panel below thescribe line. Perform this one time, ignoring any adhesive thathas been pulled off the exit side of the adhesive test patch. Donot use solvent to clean adhesive sme
45、ars off of the test panel,since this will influence sag.6.7.3 TestPlace the test panel in a notched rack capable ofholding the test panel in a vertical position (to within 2 of truevertical). The notched rack shall not interfere with flow of theadhesive down the test panel. A satisfactory rack has b
46、eenmade from metal channel. Maintain the test panel in thevertical position at 23 6 3C (73.4 6 5.4F) until the adhesivehardens and no longer flows. Measure and record the length of(a) Clean, scribed aluminum test panel,1.27 mm (0.050 in.) or greater thick-ness.(b) Test panel with pre-pared test patc
47、h of ad-hesive.(c) Flow pattern with threeflow line maximas.(d) Flow pattern with oneflow line maxima.FIG. 1 Illustration of Sag Test Specimen(a) Horizontal Screeding Template, 0.062 in. Thick(b) Vertical Screeding Template, 0.062 in., ThickFIG. 2 Screeding Templates for Preparation of Test Patch on
48、 SagSpecimenE1555033each flow line maxima of the adhesive from the full-widthscribe line to the point at which the flow stops below the line.Calculate the average length of these flow line maxima, asillustrated in Fig. 1c. If there is only one maxima, as illustratedin Fig. 1d, it is considered the a
49、verage. Repeat the test twice toobtain a total of three Mavgvalues and calculate SAG as shownin 6.7.4. In order for a test to be considered valid, the sag testpanels must be fully prepared and placed in the vertical holdingrack not later than 15 min after mixing of the two adhesivecomponents has been completed.6.7.4 Pass/Fail CriterionSAG shall be computed in ac-cordance with the following equation and meet the requirementstated in 4.1.1:SAG 5Mavg,11 Mavg,21 Mavg,33(1)7. Inspection7.1 Responsibility for InspectionUnles
