1、Designation: E 1908 03Standard Guide forSample Selection of Debris Waste from a BuildingRenovation or Lead Abatement Project for ToxicityCharacteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) Testing forLeachable Lead (Pb)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1908; the number immediately followin
2、g the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide describe
3、s a method for selecting samples ofbuilding components coated with paints suspected of contain-ing lead. The samples are collected from the debris wastestream created during demolition, renovation, lead hazardcontrol, or abatement projects. The samples are subsequentlyanalyzed in the laboratory for
4、lead.1.1.1 The debris waste stream is assumed to have more thanone painted component, for example, metal doors, wood doors,and wood window trim.1.2 This guide is intended for use when sampling to test forlead only and does not include sampling considerations forother metals or for organic compounds.
5、 This guide also doesnot include consideration of sampling for determination ofother possible hazardous characteristics of the waste.1.3 This guide assumes that the individual component typescomprising the debris waste stream are at least partiallysegregated and that the volume of each type of compo
6、nent inthe debris waste stream may be estimated.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of reg
7、ulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 4840 Practice for Sampling Chain of Custody Proce-dures2E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials3E 2239 Standard Practice for Record Keeping and RecordPreservation for Lead Hazard Activities42.2 Federal Document
8、s:40 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) Part 261, AppendixII-Method 1311, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Proce-dure (TCLP)5Interim Final Report, Lead-Based Paint Contaminated De-brisWaste Characterization Study No. 37-26-JK 44-92,May 1992May 19936,2.3 OSHA Standard:29 CFR 1926.62, OSHA Lead in Cons
9、truction Standard43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 component (of the waste), neach of those differentand distinguishable materials that comprise the waste.3.1.2 sample (of the waste), na collection of the compo-nents of the waste assembled in proportion to their
10、 contributionto the total volume of the waste.3.1.3 waste, nmaterial resulting from conduct of a demo-lition, renovation, or lead abatement project that is or will bedirected for disposal.3.1.4 waste stream, nthe total flow of waste from ademolition, renovation, lead hazard control or abatementproje
11、ct.NOTE 1Regulations promulgated by authorities having jurisdictionmay define terms in 3.1.1-3.1.4 differently than defined above.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The entirety of the debris waste stream created bydemolition, renovation, lead hazard control or abatementprojects in and around buildings and r
12、elated structures isexamined visually, and estimates made of the total volume ofthe waste and of the relative volume proportions of the variouscomponents of the waste.Asample of the waste is selected andassembled that contains the various waste components in the1This guide is under the jurisdiction
13、of ASTM Committee E06 on BuildingPerformance and is the direct responsibility of E06.23 on Abatement of Hazardsfrom Lead in Buildings and Related StructuresCurrent edition approved May 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous addition approved in 1997 as E 1908972Annu
14、al Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 4.12.5Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingOffice, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954. Also available from http:/www.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/index.html.6
15、Available from Commander, U.S. Army Environmental Center, ATTN: SFIM-AEC-EC, Bldg. E4435,Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 210105401.Also availablefrom http:/chppm-www.apgea.army.mil/lahome/docs/lead_list.htm.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29
16、59, United States.same relative volume proportions as these estimates. Thesample is then submitted to a laboratory for conduct of theToxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) for lead.5. Significance and Use5.1 Waste samples collected using this guide provide repre-sentative samples for anal
17、ysis in a laboratory using the TCLP.5.2 The TCLP is used to simulate the transfer of lead fromburied lead-containing waste into the ground water systemupon codisposal of the lead-containing waste and municipalsolid waste in unlined solid-waste landfills. The TCLP attemptsto simulate rain or ground w
18、ater leaching, or both. For theprocedure to yield a predictor of the subsurface (in-ground)leaching process, a representative sample of the volume of thewaste must be selected and submitted for leaching and analy-sis. The result of the sampling, leaching, and analysis processis used to determine the
19、 waste handling and disposal protocolsto be followed and to document compliance with applicablelaws, regulations, and requirements. The guide addresses thesampling process by defining a component-volume-basedmethod to collect and assemble a representative sample of asolid waste stream that may conta
20、in heterogeneous compo-nents.5.3 The collection of a volume-based sample of the wastestream is based on the fact that the TCLP leachate leadconcentration limit, like other such TCLP limits, was devel-oped based on the spatial dimensions of landfills.5.4 Individuals who use this guide are expected to
21、 be trainedin the proper and safe conduct of sampling of lead-containingwastes, qualified/certified/licensed as required by those au-thorities having jurisdiction over such activities, and properlyutilize tools and safety equipment when conducting theseprocedures.5.5 This guide may involve use of va
22、rious hand and powertools for sampling the components of the waste. It is intendedthat such tools should be properly and safely used by personstrained and familiar with their performance and use.5.6 In the unique case where an entire building is the waste,consideration should be given to use of the
23、sampling protocolproposed in the Interim Final Report, Lead-Based PaintContaminated Debris Waste Characterization Study No.37-26-JK44-92, May 1992 May 1993. In general terms,building components are drilled to collect samples of thevarious components in proportion to the volume of thosecomponents in
24、the entire building. The component samples areassembled, and the resulting assembled sample is analyzedaccording to the TCLP protocol.6. Sampling Supplies6.1 Hand and Power Tools, as needed for the sampling andhandling of the various components of the waste (e.g., saws,metal snips).6.2 Personal Prot
25、ective Equipment (PPE) and Systems,asappropriate for the safe collection and handling of the waste.NOTE 2Those requirements contained in the OSHA Lead in Con-struction Standard, 29 CFR 1926.62, for exposure to lead, may beconsidered. The presence of other chemical hazards in the waste maynecessitate
26、 the application of other such standards.6.3 Containers, of construction, size, and number to fullyhold the waste sample assembled from the various compo-nents. These containers may be available from the laboratory towhich the assembled waste sample is to be sent for analysis.6.4 Markers, pens, self
27、-adhesive labels, for use in uniquelyidentifying samples of waste collected.6.5 Chain of Custody Forms, similar to those described inPractice D 4840. These forms may be available from thelaboratory to which the assembled waste sample is to be sentfor analysis.7. Procedure7.1 Determine the Volume Pro
28、portions of the Sample7.1.1 Estimate the volume of each pile of painted waste thathas been segregated according to component type, for examplemetal doors, wood doors, and wood window trim.7.1.2 Calculate the volume proportion of each componenttype as a percent of the total volume of the waste.NOTE 3
29、If the volume estimate was made in units of cubic feet (ft3),convert to cubic meters (m3) by multiplying the value in cubic feet (ft3)by0.0283 as follows:0.0283 3volume in cubic feet!5volume in cubic meters!NOTE 4If the volume estimate was made in units of cubic yards (yd3),convert to cubic meters (
30、m3) by multiplying the value in cubic yards (yd3)by 0.765 as follows:0.765 volume in cubic yards!5volume in cubic meters!7.2 Collect a Volume Proportional Sample7.2.1 Collect randomly a waste sample having a massbetween 0.25 kg and 1 kg. Follow ASTM E 105 to assure thatthe material collected is repr
31、esentative. (Note 5)NOTE 5After preanalysis processing by the laboratory, this amount ofthe waste should be enough to yield a minimum of two 100-g TCLPspecimens.7.2.2 The amount collected from each pile shall be takenaccording to the volume proportion of each pile. (Note 6)NOTE 6For example, assume
32、that the project involved disposal ofpainted doors, door frames, windows, window frames or trim molding, orboth, from several rooms. Assume further that glass is removed to berecycled. Segregated waste piles might then contain metal doors, wooddoors (solid and hollow separately), metal door and wind
33、ow frames (noglass), wood door and window frames (no glass), and wood molding. Asin 7.1.1, estimate the volume of the waste in each pile and calculate thevolume proportions. See Table 1.Asin7.2.2, use the volume proportionsto collect the appropriate amount of material from each pile. In thisexample,
34、 the sample would be 17 % wood by volume from windowframes.8. Sample Handling and Analysis8.1 Preparation for ShipmentTABLE 1 Example of Determining Volume ProportionsPainted Component Estimated Volume Volume Proportionwood doors, solid 0.081 m350 % (= 0.081/0.163)door frames, wood 0.020 m312 %windo
35、ws, wood 0.031 m319 %window frames, steel 0.003 m32%window frames, wood 0.028 m317 %total 0.163 m3100 %E19080328.1.1 Prepare the total amount of waste collected as thesample from each pile for shipment (7.2.2) to a laboratory foranalysis. (Note 7)NOTE 7All the material sent to the laboratory compris
36、es a singlesample of the debris waste stream that is broken, cracked, crushed, cut,ground, etc., as a whole and is homogenized before a subsample is takenfor TCLP analysis.8.1.1.1 Place the total amount of waste collected as thesample into one or more containers. Assure that each containeris securel
37、y closed to prevent sample loss or contaminationduring handling and transportation.8.2 Label each sample container with a unique identifier.8.3 Complete the request-for-analysis paperwork as re-quired by the laboratory for analysis of the waste sample.Advise the laboratory of the number and types of
38、 containerssent and the means and methods of delivery, and that TCLP forlead is to be performed. (Note 8).NOTE 8It is prudent to contact the analytical laboratory to determinehow laboratory personnel intend to or should process the sample prior tosubsampling for conduct of the TCLP.8.4 Complete a Ch
39、ain of Custody form such as described inPractice D 4840.8.4.1 Record the sample container identifiers on the Chainof Custody form.8.5 Package the sample container(s) for shipment and labelthe over-pack, if one is used, according to applicable transpor-tation laws and regulations.8.5.1 Enclose the co
40、mpleted Chain of Custody form in theshipment package.8.6 Ship the packaged waste sample to a laboratory foranalysis9. Record Keeping9.1 Records shall be maintained in accordance with E 2239and shall include, at a minimum, a copy of the report.10. Report10.1 A report shall be prepared and include at
41、a minimumthe following:10.1.1 A description of the project and site from which thewaste was sampled including names, addresses, locations,waste-producing processes, and dates.10.1.2 A list and description of the components sampledfrom the waste stream.10.1.3 The estimated volumes of each component w
42、astepile.10.1.4 The calculated volume proportion of each compo-nent comprising the entire waste sample.10.1.5 A copy of the Completed Chain of Custody Form.10.1.6 Acopy of paperwork that was prepared as a record ofthe laboratory submission and analysis request.10.1.7 A copy of any packing list(s) or
43、 shipping papers, orboth, used in shipment of the waste sample to the laboratory.11. Keywords11.1 abatement; lead; TCLP; wasteASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are e
44、xpressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not rev
45、ised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you m
46、ay attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E1908033
