1、Designation: E2386 04 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Guide forConduct of PDD Screening Examinations1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide establishes essential and recommended ele-ments in the procedures for the conduct of a psychophysiologi-cal detection of dec
3、eption (PDD) screening examination.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2000 Guide for Minimum Basic Education and Trainingof Individuals Involved in the Detection of Deception(PDD)E2031 Practice for Quality Control of PsychophysiologicalDetection of Deception (Polygraph) ExaminationsE2063 Pr
4、actice for Calibration and Functionality ChecksUsed in Forensic Psychophysiological Detection of Decep-tion (Polygraph) ExaminationsE2064 Guide for Minimum Continuing Education of Indi-viduals Involved in Psychophysiological Detection of De-ception (PDD)3. Location and Test Conditions3.1 Conditions
5、under which testing occurs shall be free fromdistractions that would interfere with the ability of the exam-inee to appropriately focus on the issues being addressed. Theexamination site should be reasonably free from outside noiseand distraction.4. Preparation4.1 All relevant paperwork pertaining t
6、o the examineeshould be made available to the examiner in ample time forreview prior to the examination.4.2 Only instruments meeting ASTM standards, as a mini-mum, should be used during the conduct of PDD screeningexaminations.4.3 No examination shall be conducted unless the instru-ment is functioni
7、ng in accordance with Practice E2063.4.4 An examiner shall, prior to the examination, dedicatesufficient time to identify the issues and unique circumstancesin any area of anticipated testing.5. Pretest Practices5.1 The examiner shall adhere to the following practices:5.1.1 Verify the correct identi
8、ty of the examinee to theextent possible.5.1.2 Obtain the consent of the examinee prior to testing.5.1.3 The examiner shall ensure that the examinee is a fitsubject for testing to the extend legally practicable.5.1.3.1 At any time during the PDD examination that itbecomes apparent to the examiner th
9、at the examinee is notsuitable for testing, the examination will be terminated.5.2 All screening examinations shall be conducted in com-pliance with governing local, state, and federal regulations andlaws.5.3 The examiner shall display objectivity.5.4 Sufficient time shall be spent to discuss the is
10、sues to betested and to allow the examinee to explain his or her position.5.5 The examiner shall formulate all test questions incompliance with recognized professional practices.5.6 The examiner shall allow sufficient time to introduceeach test question to the examinee in a manner which complieswith
11、 recognized professional practices.5.6.1 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that theexaminee recognizes and understands each question.5.7 Sufficient time shall be spent to ensure that the examineeunderstands the PDD process and that cooperation is required.5.8 Screening examinations shall be a
12、udio/visual recordedin their entirety unless precluded by provisions in 5.2.6. Intest Practices6.1 Examiners shall use testing formats and techniques inaccordance with ASTM standards.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52 on ForensicPsychophysiology and is the direct responsibil
13、ity of Subcommittee E52.05 onPsychophysiological Detection of Deception (PDD).Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2386 04 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/E2386-04R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
14、website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United
15、States.6.2 Examiners shall only use screening formats for whichthey have been trained in accordance with Guide E2000 andGuide E2064.6.2.1 No more than five relevant questions should beaddressed in any one series of a screening examination.6.2.2 Screening tests, like other multiple-issue PDD tech-niq
16、ues, are tests for utility, designed as a screening method andnot a specific issue examination. To maximize accuracy andutility, a specific issue test should be conducted when signifi-cant responses appear using this screening tool. When suchresponses are present to any relevant question on the scre
17、eningtest, the response should be explored further with the examineeand tested using a single-issue comparison test format asoutlined in ASTM standards. Opinions that an examinee hasbeen deceptive should result only from the analysis of aspecific issue test.6.3 All physiological recordings shall be
18、accounted for, andconsidered in the final opinion.6.4 Examiners shall not deliberately change the manner inwhich the questions are presented within a test.6.5 Question intervals shall allow for a reasonable recovery.6.6 Stimulus onset to stimulus onset shall not be less than 20seconds.7. Evaluation
19、Practices7.1 The examiner shall use evaluation methods for whichthey have been formally trained and that are appropriate to thattesting technique.7.1.1 All scoring and decision rules used within an organi-zation for PDD screening shall be rendered in writing.7.2 The examiner shall maintain all recor
20、ds of test dataanalysis in accordance with Practice E2031.7.3 The examiner shall not disclose the results of theexamination until the test has been adequately and sufficientlyanalyzed.7.4 Examiners shall collect a sufficient amount of physi-ological data suitable for evaluation in compliance with th
21、eformat utilized.7.4.1 All suitable physiological data will be evaluated whenformulating an opinion.8. Posttest Practices8.1 Following collection of all physiological data, a discus-sion of the examination shall be conducted, as appropriate.8.2 Consumers of PDD results shall be advised that anydecis
22、ion regarding the examinees status should not be basedsolely on the results of physiological responses obtained duringa PDD screening examination.9. Keywords9.1 forensic psychophysiology; PDD employment screeningexamination; PDD examination; polygraphASTM International takes no position respecting t
23、he validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard
24、is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International H
25、eadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This
26、standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2386 04 (2011)2
