1、Designation: E2754 10Standard Specification forDelphastus catalinae (Horn) (Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2754; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers information on and the testmethod for determining the purity, sex ratio, and number oflive adults pres
3、ent in commercial containers of Delphastuscatalinae (Horn), a predator of whitefly.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E2200 Specification for Information Included with
4、Packag-ing of Multi-Cellular Biological Control Organisms3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 viabilityqualitative assessment of activity of beetlesafter warming.3.1.2 life stage when shippedadult.3.1.3 name of productDelphastus catalinae (Horn).3.1.4 preferred host
5、 preymost species of whitefly includ-ing, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Bemisia tabaci.4. Classification4.1 PhylumArthropoda.4.2 ClassInsecta.4.3 OrderColeoptera.4.4 FamilyCoccinellidae.4.5 GenusDelphastus.4.6 Speciescatalinae.5. Physical Properties5.1 NumberShipments of D. catalinae must have a mini-m
6、um number of live adult beetles as specified on container oraccompanying literature.5.2 Sex RatioD. catalinae has a male:female sex ratio of1:1.5.3 Sex IdentificationColor of both sexes is mostlyreddish-brown, male head and legs yellow; female similar tomale except head reddish-yellow. See Gordon3fo
7、r a moredetailed description.6. Summary of Test Method (Determining the Viability,Purity, Sex Ratio, and Numbers of Living Adults inContainers of D. catalinae)6.1 The number of live beetles, sex ratio, and presence ofother live insects or mites will be determined by counting andexamining individual
8、containers from shipments of D. catali-nae.7. Significance and Use7.1 The biological control of whitefly with D. catalinaedepends on accurate release rates of predators. Accuratepackaging, and maintenance of purity, sex ratio, and viabilityof shipments is critical to this success. This test will bet
9、ypically employed by producers and users of the product toassess the number of live biological control agents delivered.8. Materials8.1 Dissecting microscope or magnifier (103).8.2 Fine (#1) paint brush or forceps.8.3 Funnel.8.4 Holding container.8.5 Aspirator (Mod. 1135A).49. Test Unit9.1 A single
10、container of D. catalinae is considered a testunit. In large shipments, a minimum of three containers pershipment should be chosen randomly.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 onPesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee
11、E35.30 on Natural Multi-Cellular (Metazoan) Biological ControlOrganisms.Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informa
12、tion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Gordon, R.D., South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) Part III: TaxonomicRevision of the Western Hemisphere Genus Delphastus Casey, Frustula entomol.,Vol 17, No. 3, 1994, pp. 100101.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus k
13、nown to the committee at this timeis . If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide thisinformation to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1whichyou may attend.1Copyright ASTM International,
14、 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.10. Pre-Test Conditions10.1 If samples must be held before testing, hold containerswith D. catalinae out of direct sunlight between 10 and 12Cfor a maximum of 24 h prior to testing.11. Sample Preparation and Treatme
15、nt11.1 Cool samples to 5 to 10C for 1 to 2 h prior to testingto reduce activity of beetles.12. Counting Procedure12.1 To count the total number of beetles, gently tap aportion of the beetles from the container onto an 8311 sheet ofwhite paper placed on a flat surface under bright light at roomtemper
16、ature (18 to 21C) and immediately start countingactively moving beetles, brushing them as they are countedinto a second bottle using a funnel or an insect aspirator. Storethe live, counted beetles in a second container. Repeat theprocess until all the beetles are counted. While counting thebeetles,
17、remove any packing materials and identify and recordthe presence of any live arthropods other than adult D.catalinae beetles. Record live and dead beetles. Retain the livebeetles if the sex ratio is required. In multiple bottle shipments,check three bottles.13. Sex Ratio13.1 Normal sex ratio is 50 %
18、 female.13.2 Count males and females using handling techniqueabove. The sex is determined by the color of the head: maleshave a yellow head and yellow legs, females have a reddish-yellow head. The head is most easily seen on live beetles as itis extended when they are walking. See Gordon3for a mored
19、etailed description.14. Interpretation of Results14.1 The average number of live beetles found in thecontainers counted should equal or exceed the number indi-cated on the package label. There should be no live arthropodspresent other than adult D. catalinae beetles. The sex ratioshould be 50 6 5 %
20、female. In multiple bottle shipments, threebottles should be checked. If two out of three bottles fail thestandard, the shipment is below standard.15. Precision and Bias15.1 Precision and bias for this test method not beendetermined.16. Keywords16.1 beetles; Coccinellidae; Coleoptera; counting metho
21、d;Delphastus catalinae (Horn); sex ratio; viabilityASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent righ
22、ts, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for
23、revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing
24、you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E2754 102
