1、Designation: E 501 06Standard Specification forStandard Rib Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the general requirements forthe standard rib tire for pavement skid-resistance testing. Thetire covered
3、 by this specification is for use in evaluation oftire-pavement friction.1.2 The terminology in this specification is consistent withTerminology E 867.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 297 Test Methods for Rubber
4、ProductsChemicalAnalysisD 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 1054 Test Method for Rubber PropertyResilience Us-ing a Goodyear-Healey Rebound PendulumD 1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used inRubber ProductsD 2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDu
5、rometerHardnessD 3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, andProcedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-ing Standard Vulcanized SheetsE 867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement Systems3. Materials and Manufacture3.1 The individual standard tires shall conform to the designstandards
6、 of Section 5. Dimensions, weights, and permissiblevariations are given in Section 6 and in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.3.2 Tread compounding, fabric processing, and all steps intire manufacturing shall be certified to ensure that the specifi-cations are met.3.3 A small raised guideline shall be molded on the
7、 tireshoulder area to provide a rapid visual check as to whether themaximum wear level for testing has been reached. Tires shouldactually be removed from service as recommended in 11.5. Themarking on the tire, as suggested in Fig. 1, and curb ribs shallbe molded on both sides of the tire.3.4 Fig. 1
8、is a photograph of the standard tire, and Fig. 2 isa cross section of a typical tire.33.5 tire should be mounted so that it is rotated in thedirection of the arrow on the side of the tire. See Fig. 1.4. Material Requirements4.1 The compounding requirements for the tread compoundare given in Table 1.
9、4.2 FabricThe fabric shall be polyester body or carcassplies and fiber glass belt plies.NOTE 1Certain proprietary products have been specified since exactduplication of properties of the finished tire may not be achieved withother similar products. This inclusion does not in any way comprise arecomm
10、endation for these proprietary products nor against similar prod-ucts of other manufacturers, nor does it imply any superiority over anysuch similar products.5. Physical Requirements Physical Requirements5.1 The physical and mechanical test requirements are givenin Table 2.6. Dimensions, Weights, an
11、d Permissible Variations6.1 GeneralDetails of dimensions are listed as followsand are shown in Fig. 2. When tolerances are not specified, tiredimensions are subject to manufacturers normal tolerances.6.1.1 Construction The tire shall be a size G78-15 tube-less type, belted bias construction (two bod
12、y plies plus two beltplies). The tread width shall be 5.85 in. (148.6 mm) and thecross-sectional tread radius shall be 15.50 6 2.0 in. (393.7650.8 mm). The tire shall have a recommended cross-sectionwidth of 8.35 in. (212.1 mm) and a recommended sectionheight of 6.34 in. (161.0 mm) when mounted on a
13、 Tire and RimAssociation 15 by 6JJ rim. The cured crown angles shall be 336 2 for the body plies, and 27 6 2 for the belt plies.1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E17 on Vehicle- Pavement Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E17.24 on Tireand Slider Ch
14、aracteristics.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originallypublished as E 501 73 to replace E 249. Last previous edition approved in 2000as E 501 94 (2000).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceast
15、m.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3ASTM E 501 tire is available from Specialty Tires of America, P.O. Box 749,1600 Washington St., Indiana, PA 15701.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
16、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.2 RibsThe tire shall have seven plain ribs of 0.66 in.(16.8 mm) width each. Both sides of the shoulder ribs shall beparallel from the tread surface down to a depth equal to thewear guideline.6.1.3 GroovesThe tire shall have six straight groov
17、es of0.20 in. (5.08 mm) width each. Each groove shall be parallel tothe radius of the tread-radius arc and shall have a full radius atthe bottom of the groove. Each groove shall have a uniformskid depth of 0.385 in. (9.8 mm) maximum and shall have anunder-tread thickness of 0.10 in. (2.5 mm).6.1.4 W
18、ear Indicators There shall be six rows of treadwear indicators spaced uniformly around the tire circumferenceMarking on TireG 7815Standard Pavement Test TireNot for General Highway UseASTM Designation: E 501Manufacturers Name or TrademarkRim: 15x6JJFIG. 1 Test TireFIG. 2 Tire Section, Including Infl
19、ated Tire DimensionsE501062and directly across the full tread width in all six grooves. Thesetread wear indicators shall be 0.063 in. (1.6 mm) deepandapproximately 0.50 in. (12.7 mm) long.Avisual wear guidelineshall be located on the shoulder of the tire 0.22 in. (5.6 mm)from the tread surface as sh
20、own in Fig. 2.7. Workmanship7.1 Tires shall be free of defects in workmanship andmaterial.8. Test Methods8.1 Tensile Sheet CurePractice D 3182.8.2 Modulus (300 %)Test Methods D 412.8.3 Tensile Sheet DurometerTest Method D 2240, using aType A Shore durometer.8.4 Restored Energy (Rebound or Resilience
21、)Test MethodD 1054.8.5 Specific Gravity Test Methods D 297.8.6 Tensile Strength Test Methods D 412.8.7 ElongationTest Methods D 412.8.8 Tire Tread DurometerTest Method D 2240, in addi-tion to the following specific procedures:8.8.1 Use a Type A durometer. (A 0.5-in. (12.7-mm) diam-eter presser foot,
22、 Shore, code XAHAF is recommended.)8.8.2 The durometer shall be calibrated at a reading of 60hardness.8.8.3 Condition the tire and durometer to equilibrium at73.4 6 3.6F (23 6 2C) before determining tread hardness.8.8.4 The tire tread hardness is to be determined by aver-aging at least one set of si
23、x readings. A set is one reading takenin the center of each rib, excluding the center rib. It isrecommended that additional sets of readings be taken aroundthe tread circumference.8.8.5 Apply presser foot to the tire tread as rapidly aspossible without shock, keeping the foot parallel to the treadsu
24、rface. Apply just sufficient pressure to obtain firm contactbetween presser foot and tire tread surface. Read the durometerscale within 1 s after presser foot is in contact with the tiretread, but after initial maximum transient which may occurimmediately after contact is made.9. Certification9.1 Ti
25、res are to be inflated and measured prior to shipment.Upon request, the manufacturer shall furnish the purchasercertification that the test tire meets this specification.9.2 All tires under certification shall be subject to themanufacturers normal variation.10. Packaging and Preservation10.1 The tir
26、es should be kept dry under ordinary atmo-spheric conditions in subdued light, 70 6 25F (21 6 13.8C).Tires should not be stored near electric motors, welders, orother ozone generating equipment.11. Recommendations for Tire Use and OperationalRequirements11.1 The tire is for skid testing only and is
27、not designed forgeneral highway service. Necessary transport of test equipmentshould be on commercial tires.11.2 A new tire break-in of 200 miles (320 km) minimumshould be made on tires by the purchaser before using the tirefor testing.11.3 The tire shall be operated with not less than 24 psi (165kP
28、a) inflation.11.4 The recommended static test load on the tire shall be1085 lbf (4826 N), with loading to a maximum of 1380 lbf(6138 N) permissible, at 24 psi (165 kPa) inflation.11.5 When irregular wear or damage results from tests orwhen the remaining groove depth in any groove is 0.165 in.(4.2 mm
29、) or less, the use of the tire as a standard test tire shallbe discontinued.11.6 CautionMeasured friction force and skid number(SN) may be influenced by tire groove depth, or tread hardness,or both. The magnitude of this dependence is a function of thewater depth, pavement characteristics, test spee
30、d, and tireaging effects.TABLE 1 Compounding of Oil-Extended Styrene-ButadieneBlend Rubber (SBR) TreadCompound Parts by MassSBR 1712A89.38BR 1208B35.00Zinc oxide 3.00Stearic acid 2.00N339C75.006PPDD2.00Paraffinic wax 2.00N339C75.00N339C75.00Highly aromatic oil 9.00TBBSE1.10DPGF0.10Sulfur 1.80AStyren
31、e-butadiene rubber (23.5 % styrene) 37.5 parts of high-aromatic oil.BHigh cis-polybutadiene with 37.5 parts of high-aromatic oil. (CB441 has beendetermined to be equivalent).CN339 Carbon Black, see Classification D 1765.DSantoflex 13, dimethyl butylphenyl phenylenediamine.ESantocure NS, butyl benzot
32、hiazole sulfenamide.FDPG, diphenyl guanidine.TABLE 2 Physical Requirements of Tread CompoundTensile sheet cure, min at 300F (149C) 30300 % modulus, psi (MPa) 1000 6 200Specific gravity 1.13 6 .02Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 2000Elongation, min, % 500Tire tread durometer 58 6 2E501063ASTM Interna
33、tional takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely th
34、eir own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should
35、 be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standa
36、rds, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).E501064
