1、Designation: E605 93 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Test Methods forThickness and Density of Sprayed Fire-Resistive Material(SFRM) Applied to Structural Members1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E605; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoptio
2、n or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Sco
3、pe1.1 These test methods cover procedures for determiningthickness and density of sprayed fire-resistive material (SFRM)used in structural assemblies. These include sprayed fiber andcementitious types. The test methods are applicable to bothlaboratory and field procedures, as indicated in Section 7.
4、1.2 These test methods require the application of SFRM inaccordance with the manufacturers published instructions.The apparatus, materials, and procedure used to apply theSFRM for laboratory tests shall be the same as is used for theconstruction of either of the test assemblies described in TestMeth
5、ods E119 and E84.1.3 There is no intent in these test methods to establishlevels of performance.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not con
6、sidered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to us
7、e.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Constructionand MaterialsE631 Terminology of Building Constructions3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms found in these te
8、stmethods, refer to Terminology E631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 density, nthe weight3per unit volume of the SFRM.3.2.2 sprayed fire-resistive materials, n materials that aresprayed onto substrates to provide fire-resistive protection ofthe substrates.3.2.3 thickness, nt
9、he distance measured from the sub-strate sprayed with the SFRM, through the SFRM, to the outersurface of the SFRM.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 The basic properties of density and thickness are deter-mined using a thickness gage, scales, steel rules, and templates.5. Significance and Use5.1 Certain
10、properties, namely thickness and density, ofSFRM are basic. It is the intent of these test methods to provideprocedures to determine these properties.6. Apparatus6.1 Steel Rule, graduated in at least 1 mm (116 in.) intervals.6.2 Thickness Gage, consisting of a needle or a pin and asliding disk perpe
11、ndicular to the needle (see Fig. 1). The pinshall be of sufficient length for the thickness of the material tobe measured. This gage shall be graduated in 1 mm (116 in.)intervals. This disk shall be perpendicular to the needle at alltimes and shall have a friction device to grip the pin unlesspurpos
12、ely moved. The disk diameter shall be a minimum of22 mm (78 in.) and a maximum of 30 mm (118 in.), to permitcontact with the surface of the specimen to be measured. Formaterials not readily penetrated by the depth gage, see 8.1.2.1and Note 2.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com
13、mittee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21on Serviceability.Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E605 93 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/E0605-93R11.2For referenced AST
14、M standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Although mass is determined, the term weight is used in these test methods asa
15、field-accepted substitute.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.3 Scales of sufficient capacity and sensitivity to weighthe test specimen to an accuracy of at least 0.1 g.6.4 Rectangular Template of predetermined length a
16、ndwidth having a minimum area of 310 cm2(48 in.2). Nodimension shall be less than 76 mm (3 in.).6.5 Knife, or other suitable device for cutting the specimen.6.6 Drying Oven, or other device capable of maintainingtemperature and humidity conditions during the specimencuring cycle, in accordance with
17、the SFRM manufacturersrequirements. (See Section 7.2.)6.7 Unexpanded Polystyrene Beads , 500 mLDesignationC Bead with a nominal diameter of 1.0 mm (0.04 in.) (pre-ferred) or lead shotsize #8 (alternate).6.8 Graduated Cylinders, two 250 cm3.6.9 FunnelPolypropylene funnel having a top diameter of150 m
18、m (6 in.) and a bottom diameter of 28 mm (1.1 in.).6.10 Beaker, 400 mL smooth wall type.6.11 Screed, minimum 150 mm (6 in.) long rigid straightedge.6.12 PanTwo flat pans minimum 150 mm (6 in.) diameterwith minimum 150 mm high rim.7. Test Specimen7.1 Laboratory Tests:7.1.1 The test specimens shall be
19、 SFRM applied to 1.5 mm(0.06 in. (16 ga.), 400 by 400 mm (16 by 16 in.) bare or gal-vanized steel plates.7.1.2 The specimens shall be conditioned for a period of notless than 72 h at room temperature, 20 6 5C (68 6 9F) anda relative humidity not greater than 60 %, until successiveweight readings, ta
20、ken at 24 h intervals, differ by less than 1 %.7.2 Field Tests:7.2.1 As an alternate to 7.1.2, the specimens shall be forcedried at a temperature of 43 6 6C (109 6 10F) and arelative humidity not greater than 60 % until successive read-ings, taken at 8 h intervals, differ by less than 1 %.8. Procedu
21、re8.1 Thickness:8.1.1 Selected areas to be measured for thickness shall be apredetermined, repetitive pattern to ensure obtaining represen-tative average thickness.8.1.2 Determine the thickness by inserting the penetratingpin of the thickness gage perpendicular to and through theSFRM, to the substra
22、te. When the point of the pin touches thesubstrate, move the sliding disk to the SFRM surface withsufficient force on the disk to register the average plane of thesurface. Withdraw the gage to read the thickness in 1 mm (116in.) increments as shown by the position of the sliding clipindicator.8.1.2.
23、1 For the purpose of averaging measurements, anymeasurement 6 mm (14 in.) or more, over the required designthickness, shall be recorded as the design thickness plus 6 mm.No individual measured thickness shall be more than 6 mmless, or more than 25 % less, than the required design thick-ness.NOTE 1Sp
24、ecific fire resistance rating criteria for beams, trusses, andcolumns may allow for a reduced thickness on flange tips. Thesethicknesses are to be averaged apart from other sections of the structuralmember. Also, some fire rating assemblies have different thicknessrequirements for crests and valleys
25、 of floor decks and should be averagedapart.NOTE 2Medium and high density SFRM may be too hard to test forthickness by standard procedure. It is recommended to check thicknessesimmediately after application, and before curing.The applicator shall adjust the thickness of the freshly applied SFRM toyi
26、eld thickness after cure, in accordance with the SFRM manufacturersrecommendations.If the product is cured and too hard to insert the thickness gage, drillsmall diameter holes into the product just large enough to accommodatethe thickness gage pin. The thickness gage is then inserted into these hole
27、sand thickness is determined by the standard procedure. These holes are tobe closed off immediately following the test using the same SFRM.8.1.3 Conducting Thickness TestingOne bay per floor orone bay for each 10 000 ft2, whichever provides the greaternumber of tests. Thickness determinations for th
28、e followingstructural elements shall be conducted in each randomlyselected bay: one selected area of metal deck, concrete slab, orwall section; one column; and one beam (joist or truss).NOTE 3The applicable building code governs. Consult the applicablebuilding code for exact requirements and toleran
29、ces.8.1.4 Tests for the Deck and Wall Section:8.1.4.1 Flat DecksIn the preselected area, lay out a300 mm (12 in.) square. Take four random symmetrical mea-surements within that square and report as an average. (SeeNote 1.)8.1.4.2 Fluted DecksIn the preselected area, lay out a300 mm (12 in.) square.
30、Take four random symmetrical mea-surements within that square, one each of the following: valley,crest, and sides, and report as an average. (See Note 1.)FIG. 1 Thickness GageE605 93 (2011)28.1.5 Test for Beams, Joists (Trusses), and Columns:8.1.5.1 BeamsFor each preselected beam, lay out one300 mm
31、(12 in.) length and take nine thickness measurements(see Fig. 2) at each end of the 300 mm length (see Fig. 3). (SeeNotes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.2 Joists (Trusses)For each preselected joist (truss),lay out one 300 mm (12 in.) length and take seven thicknessmeasurements (see Fig. 4) at each end of the 300 mm
32、 length(see Fig. 5). (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.3 ColumnsFor each preselected column, lay out one300 mm (12 in.) length and take twelve thickness measure-ments (see Fig. 6) at each end of the 300 mm length (see Fig.7). (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.5.4 Beams, Joists (Trusses), and ColumnsAverage,separately
33、, the 18 thickness measurements for the beams, the14 thickness measurements for the joists (trusses), and the24 thickness measurements for the columns. (A sample datasheet is shown in Fig. 8.) (See Notes 1 and 2.)8.1.6 Thickness DeficiencyAn item (deck, column, beam,or joist) is deficient if:8.1.6.1
34、 An individual measured thickness is more than6mm(14 in.) less, or more than 25 % less, than the requiredfire resistance design thickness. (See Note 3.)8.1.6.2 The calculated average thickness of the SFRM isless than that required by the design.NOTE 4A thickness to density correction formula is cont
35、ained incertain fire resistance rating criteria or is available from some SFRMmanufacturers. Consult the rating criteria and the SFRM manufacturer forspecific information before citing for deficiency.NOTE 5If an item is deficient, then only that specific item fails. Theremaining items in the bay, an
36、d like items in other areas of the building,shall not be deemed to have failed solely because the tested item hasfailed. (See 8.1.7.)8.1.7 Procedure in Case of Deficiency If an item isdeficient, then it shall be corrected and retested, along withanother of that specific item (that is, another column
37、, if acolumn has failed, and so forth) selected at random.8.2 Density:8.2.1 Conduct one density test at random on each of thefollowing protected elements, per floor or per every 930 m2(10 000 ft2), whichever provides the greatest number of tests:the flat portion of the deck; a beam, either the botto
38、m of thebeam lower flange or the beam web; and a column, either thecolumn web or the outside of one of the column flanges.8.2.1.1 When density falls between the minimum averageand minimum individual values of the fire resistance design, asimilar, randomly selected element in the same area shall bete
39、sted. If the average density of the two elements is then met,the area passes. If the average is not met, then those elementsin that area must be corrected.8.2.2 Length and WidthScore the specimen around theperimeter of the template.8.2.3 ThicknessUtilizing the procedure described in 7.1,take a minim
40、um of twelve thickness measurements, symmetri-cally. Determine thickness measurements prior to the removalof SFRM. Consider the average of these twelve measurementsto be the thickness of the specimen.8.2.4 Weight3Cut the specimen through to the substrate,along the perimeter of the template. Carefull
41、y remove all of thein-place material from the substrate and cure in accordancewith 7.2.FIG. 2 Test Locations for Measuring Thickness of Fire-ResistiveMaterials on BeamsNOTETake nine measurements at each end of 12 in. length.FIG. 3 BeamFIG. 4 Test Locations for Measuring Thickness of Fire-ResistiveMa
42、terials on Joists (Trusses)NOTETake 7 measurements at each end of 12 in. length.FIG. 5 JoistE605 93 (2011)38.2.5 Calculation of DensityCalculate density as follows:D 5Wl 3 w 3 t(1)where:D = density, kg/m3(lb/ft3),W = constant weight of dried material, kg (lb),l = length of the specimen, m (ft),w = w
43、idth of the specimen, m (ft), andt = average thickness of the specimen, m (ft).8.3 Displacement Method:8.3.1 This is an alternative method to 8.2 for determiningthe in-place density of specimens with irregular surfaces ordimensions or for specimens that are difficult to remove fromthe substrate.8.3.
44、2 The minimum sample size recommended is 131 cm3(8 in.3).8.3.3 The sample shall be cut to a uniform size, removing alluneven edges.8.3.4 Cure the specimen in accordance with 7.1.2 or 7.2.8.3.5 Determine weight.8.3.6 Volume Determination:8.3.6.1 Place the empty 400 mL beaker in the center of theflat
45、pan and pour the unexpanded polystyrene beads or shotthrough the funnel until the excess beads (shot) fall over therim of the beaker.8.3.6.2 Hold the screed perpendicular to the rim of thebeaker. Begin at the edge opposite the spout and screed off theexcess beads (shot). One pass is all that is need
46、ed.8.3.6.3 Discard the overflow that collects in the pan.8.3.6.4 Pour all the beads (shot) remaining in the beaker intothe graduated cylinders.8.3.6.5 Return the empty beaker into the center of the panand pour about 100 mL of beads (shot) poured from thegraduated cylinder(s) into the beaker. Do not
47、shake the beakerin any way.8.3.6.6 Place the sample to be tested in the center of thebeaker making sure no edge touches the side of the glass.Gently twist the sample if required.8.3.6.7 Pour the remainder of the beads from the graduatedcylinders over the sample, letting the excess beads (shot) flowo
48、ver the top of the beaker into the pan. Do not leave any beads(shot) in the graduated cylinders.8.3.6.8 Screed the excess beads (shot) off the top of thebeaker (8.3.6.1) and remove the beaker from the pan.8.3.6.9 Using the funnel, pour the beads (shot) collected inthe pan into the empty graduated cy
49、linder and read the volumedisplaced by the sample. Do not tap or shake the graduatedcylinder when reading.8.3.7 Calculation of DensityCalculate density as follows:D 5W 3 62.43V(2)where:D = density in lb/ft3,W = constant weight of dried material, g, andV = volume of sample dried in cm3(equal to the volumeof beads displaced by the sample).8.4 Density Deficiency:8.4.1 An item (deck, column, beam, or joist) is deficient if:8.4.1.1 An individual density is less than that allowed in thefire resistance design.8.4.1.2 The calculated average
