1、Designation:F116202 Designation: F1162/F1162M 12An American National StandardStandard Specification forPole Vault Landing Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1162/F1162M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1This specification covers minimum requirements of size, physical characteristics of materials,
3、 standard testing procedures,labeling and identification of pole vault landing pads intended for users up to 19 ft (5.74 m).1.2The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given forinformation only.1.3The following safety hazards caveat p
4、ertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification:1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements of size, physical characteristics of materials, standard testing procedures,labeling and identification of pole vault landing systems.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in either SI
5、units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard d
6、oes not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Terminology2.1Definitions2.1.1Ref
7、erenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1292 Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials Within the Use Zone of Playground Equipment3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 base unit sections, nthose components of the primary landing system that provide the majority of the padding behindthe
8、 planting box. In most pole vault landing systems, they are several large rectangular-shaped sections that compose the vastmajority of this portion of the landing system. Base unit sections should be covered by a common top cover. (See Fig. 2thosecomponents of a pole vault landing system where the p
9、ole vaulter intends to land.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe base unit sections provide the majority of the padding behind the planting box. In most pole vaultlanding systems, they are several large rectangular sections that compose the majority of this portion of the landing system. (SeeFig. 1.)2.1.2box colla
10、r3.1.2 common top cover, ntwo to four inches of secondary (supplementary) padding around the sides and rear of the plantingbox that eliminates any and all hard surfaces between the front buns and the edges of the planting box. (See Fig. 3the continuouscovering over the top surfaces of all parts of t
11、he primary landing system.3.1.2.1 DiscussionIt may function both as padding and as a binder to help hold the base units and front bun sections in placeduring use. (See Fig. 1.)2.1.3coaches box3.1.3 front bun sections, na painted or sewn contrasting rectangle on the common top pad, 8 ft (2.68 m) deep
12、 and 10 ft (3.05m) wide, beginning 3.5 ft (1.06 m) behind the zero line. (See those components of the primary landing system that pad the areasbetween the standard bases and around the pole vault box. (See Fig. 1.)1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipmen
13、t and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.67 on PoleVault.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. DOI: 10.1520/F1162-02.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2002
14、 as E1162 02 which was withdrawnApril 2011 and reinstated in May 2012. DOI: 10.1520/F1162_F1162M-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards D
15、ocument Summary page on the ASTM website.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, AS
16、TM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.1.4c
17、ommon top cover3.1.4 pole vault box, nthe top surface of the primary pole vault landing system. It is designated initial landing point. It mayfunction both as padding and as a binder to help hold the base units and front bun sections in place during use, and it also providesa smooth safe surface upo
18、n which to land. (See Fig. 2.)2.1.5front bun sectionsa trough at the end of the pole vault runway. A vaulter slides the end of the pole into the pole vaultbox.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe pole vault box stops the forward motion of the end of the pole while allowing the pole to rotate aboutits end as the va
19、ulter leaves the ground and completes a vault.3.1.5 pole vault landing system, nthose components of the primary landing system that pad the areas between the standardbases and around the planting box. They should be bound together with straps to each other and to the base unit sections and tothe com
20、mon top pad to provide one continuous landing system. (See Fig. 2.)2.1.6multi-component landing systema device used to decelerate a free-falling pole vaulter.3.1.6 preferred landing zone, nconsists of several component parts or sections that form an integrated system and provide asafe, efficient lan
21、ding environment.2.1.7pole vault landing pada painted or sewn contrasting rectangle on the common top pad, 2.44 m 8 ft deep and 3.05 m10 ft wide, beginning 1.07 m 42 in. behind the reference point. (See Fig. 1.)3.1.7 primary landing system, na device used to decelerate a free-falling human body whil
22、e pole vaulting.2.1.8primary landing systemthat portion of a pole vault landing system that consists of several components held together toform a continuous landing surface.3.1.7.1 DiscussionThe base unit sections, front bun sections, and common top cover are all components of the primarylanding sys
23、tem.3.1.8 reference point, nthat portion of a multi-component landing system where the pole vaulter intends to land. It consistsof several components (sections) held together with binders so that a continuous safe landing surface is provided.2.1.9secondary (supplementary) paddingthe point defined by
24、 the intersections of the horizontal plane at the level of therunway, the vertical plane passing through the top edge of the back of the pole vault box, and the vertical plane passing throughthe centerline of the runway.3.1.9 standard base pads, npadding beyond the primary system landing areas that
25、does not have to be covered by a commontop pad. Box collars, standard base pads, and additional perimeter padding all fall into this category.3.the pads covering the bases of the pole vault standards and the surfaces between the bases of the pole vaultstandards and primary landing system.4. Minimum
26、Overall Dimensions of Pole Vault Landing Systems3.1Overall dimensions must be based on the kinematics of the human body and the shock-absorbing quality of the material. Theymust also be based on the comfort and safety of the user.3.2If the human body impacts with a 100% vertical force, the dimension
27、 must exceed the length and width of the body.3.3If the human body impacts with the horizontal component, the length and width of the landing surface must be derivedmathematically based upon the kinematic variables involved in the performance.FIG. 1 Pole Vault Landing System Minimum Dimensions and P
28、referred Landing ZoneF1162/F1162M 122NOTE1Several studies of pole vaulters indicate the following assumptions that were used to determine the pit dimensions. A vaulter reaching 19 ft(5.80 m) would have a push off horizontal velocity of 4 ft/s (1.2 m/s). This velocity plus the length of the body woul
29、d not exceed the 16 ft 5 in. (5.0-m)pit length. Less skilled vaulters reaching 10 ft (3 m) may have a push off horizontal velocity of 8 ft/s (2.4 m/s). This velocity plus the length of the bodywould not exceed the 16 ft 5 in. (5.0-m) pit length.3.4The minimum pole vault landing system dimensions sta
30、ted within this document are based upon the investigation of thereported catastrophic pole vaulting accidents over the past 20 years.3.5The minimum size and design specifications for pole vault landing pads are as follows: 19 ft 8 in. (6.00 m) wide across thebase unit sections by 16 ft 5 in. (5.00 m
31、) deep, when set in the most preferred position 3 in. (0.076 m) behind the vertical planeof the stop board with a uniformly high landing surface with a minimum height of 26 in. (0.66 m). The front portions of the pitthat surrounds the planting box (the front buns) shall be 16 ft 5 in. (5.00 m) wide
32、and extend at least 45 in. (1.14 m) from thatportion of the front buns where the padding begins behind the back of the planting box. Thus the front of the front bun sectionscover the entire area between the planting box and the inside edge of the base of the standard base rails to the front edge of
33、theplanting box when the pads are placed 3 in. (0.76 m) behind the back of the planting box. The minimum overall pit size is 19 ft8 in. (6.00 m) wide by 20 ft 2 in. (6.14 m) long from the from the front of the front buns to the rear-most portion of the landingarea. (See Fig. 2.) The height of the fr
34、ont units may taper down in 15 in. (0.381 m) at the front in order to give the vaulter a clearerapproach to the vaulting box. In addition, the front buns should taper into the planting box area so that they provide protectionyet allow the vaulting pole to bend and rotate undisturbed with the primary
35、 landing system a minimal distance behind the backof the planting box. (See Fig. 24.1 The minimum pole vault landing system dimensions stated within this document are based upon the investigation ofcatastrophic pole vaulting accidents.4.2 The minimum overall dimensions for the primary landing system
36、 are 6.00 m 19 ft, 8 in. wide by 6.15 m 20 ft, 2 in. longfrom the front edge of the front buns to the rear-most edge of the landing system by 0.66 m 26 in. high. (See Fig. 1.) If the frontedge of the pole vault box cutout of the primary landing system is set 0.08 m 3 in. behind the reference point,
37、the minimum lengthof the landing system is 5.00 m 16 ft, 5 in. from the front edge of the cutout of the landing system.4.3 The minimum width across all the base unit sections is 6.00 m 19 ft, 8 in. This minimum width extends from the rearmostedge of the landing system to a maximum of 1.73 m 5 ft, 8
38、in. behind the reference point.4.4 The minimum width across all of the front bun sections is 5.00 m 16 ft, 5 in. The front edge of the front bun sectionsis at least 1.07 m 42 in. in front of the reference point. The minimum total length of the pole vault box cutout is thus 1.14 m45 in. The maximum w
39、idth of the pole vault box cutout (the maximum distance between the bases of the front buns borderingeither side of the pole vault box) measured at the base of the front buns shall be 0.91 m 36 in.4.5 The height of the front buns should taper downward towards the pole vault box so that the vaulting
40、pole is allowed to bendand rotate undisturbed by contact with the front buns. Excluding this tapered portion of the front buns adjacent to the pole vaultbox cutout, the height of the front buns may taper from 0.66 m 26 in. at the rear to a minimum height of 0.38 m 15 in. (SeeFig. 1.)3.6In those spec
41、ial cases where a rectangular minimum size landing system will not fit into a facility, the rear half of the baseunit sections may be rounded slightly along the outside edges to accommodate the shape of the running track or other obstructionalongside or behind it. In these special cases, the side an
42、d rear padding may be curved based upon a radius the length of the widthof the base unit area of the system, from a point of origin halfway back on the side of the landing system (See Fig. 2 and Fig. 4).3.7Upgrades and additional supplementary padding may be used to increase the size of existing lan
43、ding systems that no longermeet the new minimum specifications of this specification. Supplementary sections of padding should be attached in some wayto the existing (primary) landing system to keep them from separating away from the primary landing system or each other.However, a common top cover n
44、eed only cover the primary portion of the pit and not the secondary (supplementary) paddingbeyond the primary landing system. Secondary (supplementary) padding may also take the form of protection on the standard basesand around the planting box. (See Fig. 4.)3.8Standard base padding is considered s
45、upplementary (secondary) padding. Standard base pads should be designed so that theuprights move freely both forward and back for efficient, accurate standard adjustments. Standard base padding systems should beapproximately the same height as the front of the front buns for which they are built. Ho
46、wever, standard base padding should notexceed the height of the front bun sections that they sit next to. Standard base padding should be a minimum of 20 in. (0.51 m)wide so that they minimally extend from the sides of the front bun sections to the outside edges of the base unit sections. Theopening
47、s for the uprights should not be more than 8 in. (0.20 m) wide. For solid foam systems, a minimum of 14 in. of paddingshould cover all hard standard base and underlayment hard surfaces. For plywood standard base type systems, a minimum of 8in. of padding should be present. In both systems the paddin
48、g should cover the entire area of the standard bases and all hardsurfaces on which they rest. They should also minimally pad the entire area between the front buns and the adjacent base unitsections. Standard base protectors do not need to be covered with the common top pad or attached to the rest o
49、f the landing system.(See Figs. 5-7.)3.9Box collars are considered secondary (supplementary) padding. They are designed to pad the area between the outside edgesof the vaulting box and the inside edges of the front buns. Box collars do not need to be covered with a common top cover.However, they should form fit exactly to the top of the outside edges of the planting box and extend beneath the landing pad frontbun sections so that they are held in place by the weight of the front buns and yet remain adjustable. (See Fig. 3
