1、Designation: F 1296 03Standard Guide forEvaluating Chemical Protective Clothing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1296; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare
2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONASTM Committee F23 was established in 1976 for the purpose of producing standards for use inthe evaluation of protective clothing. A significant num
3、ber of these standards have applied toprotection against chemicals. Chemical protective clothing ranges from aprons and gloves to totallyencapsulating ensembles. Chemical protective clothing is widely used throughout in several differentapplications including the general industry, the chemical proce
4、ss industry, oil refining, agriculture,hazardous materials remediation, and emergency response.The effective development and selection of chemical protective clothing requires information onseveral aspects of the clothing, including chemical resistance, physical integrity, comfort, and fit.Some of t
5、hese characteristics can be evaluated using swatches of the materials from which the clothingis fabricated. Other characteristics require testing of the finished items of clothing. Committee F23 hasdeveloped test methods for both types of evaluations.The successful use of Committee F23s standards re
6、quires an awareness and understanding of eachstandard as well as the interrelationship of the standards.The successful application of chemical protective clothing requires the careful matching of theproper level of protection and performance characteristics of clothing with the potential hazard and
7、thefunctional requirements of the tasks to be performed while wearing the clothing.1. Scope1.1 This guide is intended to aid in the application ofstandards for the development, specification, and selection ofchemical protective clothing with the ultimate goal of main-taining the safety and health of
8、 workers who come into contactwith hazardous chemicals.1.2 This guide provides a short description of each refer-enced standard and then makes specific recommendations forthe use of these standards. The referenced standards areorganized under the following headings: Material ChemicalResistance, Mate
9、rial Physical Properties, Seam and ClosurePerformance, and Overall Clothing Performance.1.3 No protocol can ensure the selection of protectiveclothing that guarantees worker protection. The purpose oftesting is to generate data and information that will allow theselection of the most appropriate clo
10、thing. Ultimately, clothingselection is based on technical evaluation of available infor-mation and professional assessment of risk.1.4 The values stated in SI units or in other units shall beregarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem must be used independently of the other, wi
11、thoutcombining values in any way.1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior
12、to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 747 Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus ofPlastics by Means of a Cantilever BeamD 751 Test Methods for Coated FabricsD 1630 Test Method for Rubber Property-Abrasion Resis-tance (Footwear Abrader)D 2582 Test Method for Puncture-Propagation Tear
13、 Resis-tance of Plastic Film and Thin SheetingD 3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resis-tance (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abrader)D 4157 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F23 on Prot
14、ectiveClothing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F23.30 on Chemicals.Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originallyapproved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as F 1296 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org,
15、orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.D 4966 Test Meth
16、od for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongationof Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D 5151 Test Method for Detection of Holes in MedicalGlovesD 5587 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics byTrapezoid ProcedureD 641
17、3 Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Ver-tical Test)F 392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible BarrierMaterialsF 739 Test Method for Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Con-ditions of Continuous ContactF 903 Test Method for Resistance
18、of Materials Used InProtective Clothing to Penetration by LiquidsF 1001 Guide for Selection of Chemicals to Evaluate Pro-tective Clothing MaterialsF 1052 Test Method for Pressure Testing Vapor ProtectiveEnsemblesF 1154 Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort,Fit, Function, and Integrity o
19、f Chemical-Protective SuitEnsemblesF 1186 Classification System for Chemicals According toFunctional GroupsF 1194 Guide for Documenting the Results of ChemicalPermeation Testing on Materials Used in Protective Cloth-ingF 1291 Test Method for Measuring the Thermal Insulationof Clothing Using a Heated
20、 ManikinF 1301 Practice for Labeling Chemical Protective ClothingF 1342 Test Method for Protective Clothing Material Resis-tance to PunctureF 1358 Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement onMaterials Used in Protective Clothing Not DesignatedPrimarily for Flame ResistanceF 1359 Test Method for L
21、iquid Penetration Resistance ofProtective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Under aShower Spray While on a MannequinF 1383 Test Method for Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Con-ditions of Intermittent ContactF 1407 Test Method for Resistance of Chemica
22、l ProtectiveClothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeation CupMethodF 1461 Practice for Chemical Protective Clothing ProgramF 1494 Terminology Relating to Protective ClothingF 1790 Test Method for Measuring Cut Resistance of Ma-terials Used in Protective ClothingF 2061 Practice for Chemical Prote
23、ctive Clothing Care andMaintenance InstructionsF 2130 Test Method for Measuring Repellency, Retention,and Penetration of Liquid Pesticide Formulation ThroughProtective Clothing Materials2.2 ANSI Standard:3ANSI Z41 American National Standard for PersonalProtectionProtective Footwear2.3 ANSI/ISEA Stan
24、dard:4ANSI/ISEA 105 American National Standard for HandProtection Selection Criteria2.4 NFPA Standards:5NFPA 1991 Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensemble forHazardous Materials EmergenciesNFPA1992 Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensembleand Clothing for Hazardous Materials EmergenciesNFPA 1994 St
25、andard on Protective Ensemble for Chemical/Biological Terrorism Incidents2.5 Federal Regulations:629 CFR Part 1910.120 Hazardous Waste Operations andEmergency Response: Final Rule, Federal Register,Vol54, Mar. 6, 1989, p. 9317, as amended in Federal Register,Vol 55, Apr. 13, 1990, p. 14073; Federal
26、Register, Vol 56,Apr. 18, 1991, p. 15382 and Federal Register, Vol 59,Aug. 22, 1994, p. 4327029 CFR Part 1910.132 General Requirements, of SubpartIPersonal Protective Equipment, Federal Register,Vol39, Jun. 27, 1974, p. 23502, as amended in FederalRegister, Vol 59, Apr. 6, 1994, p. 16334 and Federal
27、Register, Vol 59, July 1, 1994, p. 3391029 CFR Part 1910.1000 Air Contaminants, Federal Regis-ter, Vol. 39, June 27, 1974.2.6 American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hy-gienists:TLVst and BEIst: Threshold Limit Values for ChemicalSubstances and Physical Agents; Biological ExposureIndices73. T
28、erminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 protective clothing, na product which is specificallydesigned and constructed for the intended purpose of isolatingparts of the body from a potential hazard; or as a barrier toprevent the body from being a source of contamination.3.1.1.1 DiscussionIn this guide, prote
29、ctive clothing isintended to provide protection against chemicals.3.1.2 For definitions of other terms related to protectiveclothing used in this guide, refer to Terminology F 1494.4. Significance and Use4.1 The standards under the jurisdiction of Committee F23and other technical committees can be u
30、sed individually or aspart of an integrated protocol in the development, selection,specification, and use of chemical protective clothing.3Available from National Safety Council (NSC), 1121 Spring Lake Dr., Itasca,IL 60143-3201.4Available from Industrial Safety Equipment Association, 1901 North Moor
31、eStreet, Suite 808, Arlington, VA 22209.5Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 BatterymarchPark, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.6Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.7Available from The
32、American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygien-ists, Inc. (ACGIH), 1330 Kemper Meadow Dr., Suite 600, Cincinnati, OH 45240.F12960324.2 The standards are intended as a means by whichinformation can be requested, generated, and reported in aconsistent, comparable manner.4.3 The suggested evalua
33、tion and test methods are recom-mended guidelines only. Test methods offer procedures forevaluating chemical protective clothing at standardized condi-tions to allow comparison.4.4 The information on clothing performance must be com-bined with professional judgment, and a clear understanding ofthe c
34、lothing application, to provide the best protection to theworker. All chemical protective clothing use must be based ona hazard assessment to determine the risks for exposure tochemicals and other hazards. Conduct hazard assessments inaccordance with 29 CFR 1910.132.4.5 Chemical protective clothing
35、intended for use duringhazardous materials emergencies shall be evaluated against andconform to NFPA 1991, Standard on Vapor-Protective En-semble for Hazardous Materials Emergencies, or NFPA 1992,Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensemble and Clothingfor Hazardous Materials Emergencies, as approp
36、riate for thetype of emergency. For emergencies involving release ofchemical agents during terrorism incidents, chemical protec-tive clothing shall be evaluated against and conform toNFPA 1994, Standard on Protective Ensemble for Chemical/Biological Terrorism Incidents.4.6 Recommendations for labeli
37、ng chemical protectiveclothing are provided in Practice F 1301, recommendations forimplementing a chemical protective clothing program areprovided in Practice F 1461, and recommendations for prepar-ing care and maintenance instructions are provided in PracticeF 2061.4.7 Appendix X1 is an example of
38、how several of thereferenced standards can be combined into a protocol to selectthe most suitable chemical protective clothing for a givenapplication. Briefly, the process is one of defining the require-ments of the application and then (by testing) eliminating thosecandidates that are unsuitable.4.
39、8 Appendix X2 provides a chart to cross reference U.S.Standards with European and International Standards. Thischart shows only analogous standards for measuring the sameproperty or evaluating the similar chemical protective clothingand does not imply that results from different tests will becompara
40、ble.5. Evaluation of Material Chemical Resistance5.1 Applicable Standards:5.1.1 Test Method F 739 (Resistance of Protective ClothingMaterials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Condi-tions of Continuous Contact)The resistance of a protectiveclothing material to permeation by a test chemical is
41、assessedby measuring the breakthrough detection time, normalizedbreakthrough detection time, and subsequent permeation ratethrough replicate specimens of the material.5.1.1.1 In the permeation test apparatus, the protectiveclothing material specimens separates the test chemical fromthe collection me
42、dium. The liquid or gas collection medium isanalyzed quantitatively for the challenge chemical concentra-tion that permeates through the test specimen as a function oftime after it contacts the material.5.1.1.2 Test Method F 739 permits several configurations ofthe test, including the choice of coll
43、ection media, detectionsystems, the test temperature, and length of the test.5.1.2 Test Method F 1383 (Resistance of Protective Cloth-ing Materials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases UnderConditions of Intermittent Contact)This test method is avariation of Test Method F 739 and is used to measurebrea
44、kthrough detection time and permeation rate throughspecimens of protective clothing under the conditions ofintermittent contact of the test chemical with the specimen.5.1.2.1 Test Method F 1383 is designed to simulate the typeof chemical exposures where chemical contact occurs throughperiodic exposu
45、re or through repeated splashes depending onthe type of task in which the clothing wearer is involved.5.1.2.2 Test Method F 1383 permits several options forspecifying the frequency and length of chemical contact withthe material specimens. Because chemical contact with thespecimen is varied, the tes
46、t method specifies the reporting ofcumulative permeation as opposed to permeation rate. One ofthe options for using Test Method F 1383 is to measure thelength of time for a specific chemical to permeate through acandidate clothing material after a single “splash” exposurefollowed by a saturated vapo
47、r exposure. This test protocol cansimulate how clothing is exposed during actual use.5.1.3 Test Method F 1407 (Resistance of Chemical Protec-tive Clothing Materials to Liquid PermeationPermeationCup Method)In this test method, permeation of chemicalsthrough a clothing specimen is measured gravimetri
48、cally. Thechemical is placed in a shallow cup and the clothing specimenclamped over the top of the cup. The interior surface of theclothing surface is left open to air. The cup assembly isweighed periodically, and from the change in weight, thepermeation rate calculated and the breakthrough time est
49、i-mated. The clothing material specimen is also observed forvisible changes in appearance that would indicate chemicaldegradation.5.1.3.1 Physical properties of the clothing specimen can bemeasured before and after the exposure as another means forassessing chemical resistance.5.1.3.2 Test Method F 1407 is applicable to chemicals withsufficiently high vapor pressure such that they will readilyevaporate upon permeation through the clothing material. Thetest cannot distinguish the permeation of different chemicalsfrom a chemical mixture.5.1.4 Test Method F 903 (Resistance of M
