1、Designation: F 1623 96 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Terminology Relating toThermal Imaging Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1623; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Referenced Documents1.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1405 Test Method for Determining the Dynamic ThermalResponse of Direct Thermal Imaging ProductsAtl
3、antekMethodF 1444 Test Method for Determining Dynamic ThermalResponse of Direct Thermal Paper-Label Printer MethodF 1445 Test Method for Determining Static Thermal Sensi-tivity of Direct Thermal Media2. Terminologyactivation temperaturetemperature which generates an op-tical density of 0.20.active c
4、oat, na coating layer which contains the primaryimage (color) forming ingredients.antioxidantsee stabilizer.antistata chemical additive, generally added to the back sideor printhead side of thermal products, which enhances theconductivity of the coating, allowing static electric chargesto be bled of
5、f during the production processes or during theoperation of the product in a machine.background, na measure of the reflectance or density of theunimaged portion of a thermal paper; typically measuredusing a densitometer, reflectometer, or opacimeter.basecoat, na coating applied to a base substrate t
6、o producea level surface for the application of the active coat; may alsofunction to improve the heat/energy transfer of the activecoat layer.binder, na material employed to bind the image-formingmaterials to the substrate.DISCUSSIONCommonly employed materials include polyvinyl ac-etate, polyvinyl a
7、lcohol, starch, and styrene butadiene polymer disper-sions.color formersee leuco dye.core, na paper, plastic, or fiber core upon which the thermalproduct is wound.developer, nacidic materials which react with leuco dyes toform color.DISCUSSIONTypical developers include Bisphenol A, TGSA, D8,and benz
8、yl paraben.direct thermal imaging productpaper, film, or other sub-strate upon which a coating is applied; the imaging compo-nents consist of a color former, a developer, a sensitizer andantioxidants which react to form an image when heated froma thermal printhead.direct thermal paper, npaper coated
9、 with a heat-reactivecoating, which changes from a colorless form to an intensecolored state upon contact with a thermal printhead.direct thermal product, nsubstrate coated with a heat-sensitive formulation for the purpose of creating an imagewhen heat is applied from a thermal printhead.D2T2, nabbr
10、eviation for dye diffusion thermal transfer.dye sublimination, nan imaging process from thermal dyeribbons, which employ selected organic dyes, and havecharacteristics different from an imaging process usingpigmented materials employed in thermal transfer waxribbons.dynamic thermal response curve, n
11、graphical representa-tion of the response characteristic of a thermal printingsystem over a given range of print energies; the y-axis isoptical density and the x-axis is print energy (watts/dot ormillijoules) or energy density (millijoules/square millime-tres). (F 1444, F05)environmental resistance,
12、 na measure of a direct thermalproducts ability to resist the effects of exposure to environ-mental contaminants on either the imaged or unimagedareas.DISCUSSIONTypical contaminants may include water, oils, alcohol,light, or heat/humidity.image density, na measure of the reflectance or density ofthe
13、 imaged portion of a thermal imaging product afterexposure to heat energy; typically measured with a densito-meter, reflectometer, or opacimeter.initial temperatureSee activation temperature.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 onBusiness Imaging Products and is the dire
14、ct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.01on Nomenclature and Definitions.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originallyapproved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 1623 96 (2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orconta
15、ct ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.ink layer(1) the compon
16、ents of the image coating used inthermal transfer products which contain waxes, resins,pigments and other materials deposited or coated onto asubstrate; (2) the layer of thermally sensitive material whichis transferred during the thermal transfer printing process.ion content, na measure of the free
17、sodium, potassium, andchloride content in a direct thermal or thermal transferproduct; trace amounts may cause chemical attack to thethermal printhead elements.leuco dye, ncolor precursors, examples of which are triph-enyl methane and fluoran classes which react with a devel-oper to form a colored i
18、mage.DISCUSSIONTypical dyes include ODB 1, ODB 2, S-205, S-305,PSD 150, CF-51, and CVL.onset temperature, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, thetemperature at which the imaging material begins to changephysical form (that is, start to melt).optimum energy, nenergy (millijoules/square millimetres)which a
19、chieves the best optical print density and consistent,well-defined image; dependent on ribbon thickness, coatingformulation, ribbon speed in the printer, and print headtemperature.peak melting point, nin a thermal transfer ribbon, themaximum temperature to which the imaging material shouldbe subject
20、ed.precoatsee basecoat.print speed rating, nhighest speed of image developmentunder fixed operating conditions to obtain optimum printquality.print speed response, nthe response curve of optical densityversus print speed with a fixed energy level input.receptor, nthe material which receives on its s
21、urface animage from a thermal printing process.saturation density, nthe optical density value at which noadditional density increase is seen on the thermal image asthe energy delivered to thermal paper is increased.saturation temperature, nthe temperature at which a ther-mal image reaches its maximu
22、m optical density.sensitizer, na material which forms an eutectic with thedeveloper to lower the melt point; acting as a solvent withthe developer, the leuco dye is solubilized and reacts to formcolor.DISCUSSIONTypical materials include parabenzyl biphenyl, DPE,dimethyl DPE, dibenzyl oxalate, PHNT,
23、DMT, DBT, and amide waxes.slipping layer, na layer applied to a dye diffusion thermaltransfer ribbon which promotes smooth flow of the ribbonthrough the printer.smoothness, na measure of the surface roughness or topog-raphy of a thermal substrate, critical for optimum printheadcontact.stabilizer, nm
24、aterials added to the coating mixture or used ina topcoat to reduce the reversibility and degradation of thecolor reaction and unreacted background.static thermal response curve, nthe relationship of theresponse characteristic of a thermal printing system over agiven range of print energies; optical
25、 (reflectance) density(y-axis) versus temperature (x-axis). (F 1445, F05)thermal imaging transfer ribbon, nplastic film or othermaterial, upon which a dye or pigmented coating is applied;imaging results when a thermal printhead transfers thecoating onto a suitable substrate or receptor media.thermal
26、 response, dynamic, nthe relationship between thethermal image optical density (y-axis) versus printheadenergy (x-axis); printhead energy density (millijoules/squaremillimetres) is a function of printhead power times the pulsewidth (milliseconds) divided by the area of the printhead dot(square milli
27、metres). (F 1405 and F 1444, F05)ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof
28、 infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this s
29、tandard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake you
30、r views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1623 96 (2008)2
