1、Designation: F 1755M 96 (Reapproved 2007)An American National StandardStandard Specification forSolid State Bargraph Meters for Shipboard Use Metric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1755M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification provides the requirements for design,construction, performa
3、nce, and testing of solid state bargraph-type indicating meters.1.2 The solid state bargraph meters covered by this speci-fication are intended for use in shipboard applications ofelectrical measurement. This specification covers the require-ments and quality assurance provisions for solid state, pa
4、nel-type (edgewise), and rectangular switchboard-type instru-ments, which use light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for bargraphindication and optional digital displays.1.3 This specifications requirements may be invoked forspecialized measurement applications where another quantity,for example, position, we
5、ight, concentration of a trace elementin an atmosphere sample, and so forth, is converted to electricalenergy for display and measurement. Special dial markingsshall be specified for such cases.1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded asthe standard. The values given in parentheses a
6、re for informa-tion only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF 1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment, and Facilities2.2 Federal Specifications:TTE529 Enamel, Alkyd,
7、Semigloss, Low VOC Content32.3 Federal Standards:H28 Screw Thread Standards for Federal Services33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 accuracy, nthe accuracy is a number that defines thelimit of errors expressed as a percentage of full-scale value.3.1.2 center-zero
8、meter, nmeter with display mode char-acterized by a sequentially illuminated string of LEDs startingat the center scale zero position and extending in eitherdirection from zero, proportional to the polarity and magnitudeof the input signal.3.1.3 dual bargraph display, ntwo completely indepen-dent ba
9、rgraph displays included in a single enclosure.3.1.4 end-scale value, nthe value of the actuating electri-cal quantity that corresponds to end scale indication. Whenzero is not at the end or at the electrical center of the scale, thehigher value is used. See Table 1.3.1.5 end-zero meter, nmeter with
10、 display mode charac-terized by a sequentially illuminated string of LEDs startingfrom a zero point, normally at the left for switchboard-stylemeters or horizontally installed edgewise meters, or the bottomof vertically installed edgewise meters, that extends in thedirection of full-scale value.3.1.
11、6 full-scale value, nfull-scale value is the largestvalue of the actuating electrical quantity, which can be indi-cated on the scale. For instruments with zero between the endsof the scale, the full-scale value is the arithmetic sum of thevalues of the actuating electrical quantity corresponding to
12、thetwo ends of the scale.3.1.7 response time, nthe response time is the timerequired for the indicating means to display a new value aftera step change has occurred in the measured quantity to a newconstant value.3.1.8 scale division, na scale division is the incrementbetween the centers of two cons
13、ecutive scale marks. Thenumber of scale marks is one more than the number of scaledivisions. For example, 10 scale divisions require 11 scalemarks.3.1.8.1 linear scale divisions, nlinear scale divisions arescale divisions that are spaced an equal distance apart and ofthe same value, for example, sca
14、le divisions spaced 5 A aparton a 100A meter.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 onElectrical.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1996. L
15、ast previous edition approved in 2002 as F 1755M - 96(2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3
16、Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 191115098, ATTN: NPODS.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.8.2 nonlinear scale divisions, nnonlinear scale divi
17、-sions are scale divisions of the same value spaced an unequaldistance apart.3.1.9 scale length, nthe scale length is the length of thepath described by the pattern of the LEDs in moving from oneend of the scale to the other. For multiple scale meters, thelongest scale shall be used to determine the
18、 scale length.3.1.10 scale visibility, nscale visibility is the maximumhorizontal or vertical viewing angle measured from a linenormal to the scale from which all scale marks and arcs, but notnecessarily all markings, may be seen.4. Classification4.1 ClassificationBargraph meters covered in this spe
19、ci-fication shall be classified by type and style as specified in4.2-4.3.4.2 TypeThe type designation defines the physical con-figuration of the meter and the scale.4.2.1 Rectangular/switchboard-type meters present angulardisplays from 90 to 270 scale for the measured parameter(s).Fig. 1 provides ty
20、pical dimensional and mounting data forrectangular/switchboard-type meters.4.2.2 Edgewise/panel-type meters present linear displaysfor measured parameters. Fig. 2 provides typical dimensionaland mounting data for edgewise type meters.4.2.2.1 Orientation of MeterFor edgewise/panel-typemeters, the sca
21、le marking shall be specified either for a verticalor horizontal mounting condition.4.3 StyleThe style designation defines the meters displayattributes as follows:4.3.1 Bargraph DisplayThe bargraph display shall consistof light-emitting diode (LED) elements that illuminate toproduce a bar image prop
22、ortional to the input signal. Thedisplay designation defines whether the meter has single ordual bargraph displays.4.3.2 Digital DisplayThe digital display designation de-fines the number of digits in the digital display as follows:4.3.2.1 3-digit display.4.3.2.2 312-digit display.4.3.2.3 4-digit di
23、splay.4.3.2.4 412-digit display4.3.2.5 No digital display.5. Ordering Information5.1 Purchase orders or inquiries for bargraph meters of thisspecification shall specify the following:5.1.1 Title, date, and year of this specification.5.1.2 Quantity.5.1.3 Type and for edgewise meter, the orientation (
24、see 4.2).5.1.4 Style of display (single or dual, digital display) (see4.3).5.1.5 Window type (plastic or shatterproof glass) (see 7.5).5.1.6 Dial colors (see 7.9.1.1).5.1.7 Range(s) (see 7.9.2).5.1.8 Power supply voltage (see 8.1.1).5.1.9 Signal input (analog or digital) (see 8.1.2).5.1.10 Color(s)
25、of bargraph display (see 8.2.2).5.1.11 Optional features available:5.1.11.1 Anti-glare windows (see 7.5.1).5.1.11.2 Splashproof or spraytight window (see 7.5.2).5.1.11.3 Internal illumination (see 7.6).5.1.11.4 External accessories (see 7.8).5.1.11.5 Alarm set points (see 8.1.4).5.1.11.6 Digital dis
26、play:5.1.11.7 Nonstandard range values (see 8.2.4).5.1.11.8 Dot matrix display types (see 8.2.4).5.1.11.9 Intensity control (see 8.2.5).5.1.12 Certification requirements (See 10).5.1.13 Packaging requirements.5.1.14 Testing requirements (include only if tests other thanthe production tests required
27、by this specification are to beperformed).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 MaterialsAll materials used in the construction ofthese bargraph meters shall be of a quality suitable for thepurpose intended and shall conform to the requirements of thisspecification.6.1.1 MetalsMetals and the treatment of
28、metals shall becorrosion-resistant.6.1.2 PlasticsPlastic, when used, shall be suitable ther-moplastic or thermosetting material so molded as to produce adense solid structure, uniform in texture, finish, and mechani-cal properties.6.1.3 GlassGlass used for the meter window shall be theshatterproof t
29、ype.6.1.4 GasketsMaterial used in gaskets shall not causecorrosion of metal parts with which they come in contact.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 Finishes:6.2.1.1 External FinishesThe portion of the meter caseexposed to view from the front of the panel or switchboardshall have a black semigloss finish. No nic
30、kel or brighttrimmings shall be used. The external finish may be epoxy-coated, electro-coated, or painted in accordance withTTE529 . Metal cases shall be rendered resistant to corro-sion prior to the application of the final finish.6.2.1.2 Internal FinishesInternal finishes shall be of amaterial tha
31、t shall not melt, crack, chip, blister, or scale as aresult of the tests specified herein.6.3 Threaded PartsThreaded parts shall be in accordancewith FED-STD-H28. Where practical, threads shall be inconformity with the coarse-thread series. The fine-thread seriesshall be used only for applications t
32、hat might show a definiteadvantage through their use. Where a special diameter pitchcombination is required, the thread shall be of AmericanNational Form and of any pitch between 16 and 36 which isused in the fine-thread series.6.3.1 Locking of Screw-Thread AssembliesScrew-threadassemblies shall not
33、 loosen as a result of the tests specifiedTABLE 1 End-Scale ValuesRangeEnd-Scale Values(for Ratings)End-Scale Values0-150 0, 150 15050-0-150 50, 150 150150-0-150 150, 150 15090-140 90, 140 140F 1755M 96 (2007)2FIG. 1 Rectangular/Switchboard/Type MetersF 1755M 96 (2007)3FIG. 2 Dimensional Characteris
34、tics of Edgewise MetersF 1755M 96 (2007)4herein. When practicable, split-type lockwashers or equivalentmeans shall be provided under all nuts.6.4 SealingThe meter case shall be sealed by means ofgaskets, by fusing or soldering metal-to-metal or metal-to-glass, or other means which will enable the me
35、ter to withstandthe tests specified herein.7. Design and Construction7.1 Dimensional DataTypical physical dimensions forswitchboard and edgewise meters are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.2.7.2 MountingBargraph meter shall be front panelmounted to simplify mechanical installation or removal forservice, or b
36、oth. Electrical connections locations shall bedesigned to facilitate meter removal. Typical mounting dimen-sions are indicated in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.7.2.1 Mounting HardwareThe necessary mounting hard-ware, such as mounting clips, nuts, washers, bolts, shall besupplied with each meter. The machine scr
37、ews shall have thesame finish as the external finish (see 6.2.1.1).7.3 MaintainabilityThe meter shall be constructed so thatno special tools are required for insertion or removal of themeter.7.4 CasesCases shall be corrosion resistant. Cases shallbe designed and constructed with close-fitting joints
38、 to mini-mize the entrance of dust and moisture (see 6.4).7.5 WindowsThe meter display shall be provided with awindow of methyl methacrylate (MMA), polycarbonate (PC),or shatterproof glass. If the window is made MMA or PC, theexternal surface shall be treated to resist scratching. Thewindow shall be
39、 free from detrimental defects that wouldprevent the display from being easily read or from meeting theluminous distribution and color requirement. such defectsinclude electrostatic effects, scratches, chips, cracks, or craze.7.5.1 Anti-Glare CoatingsWhen anti-glare is specified,windows shall be coa
40、ted with an anti-glare coating. Thecoating shall be uniform in quality and condition, clean,smooth, and free from foreign materials. The coating shallshow no evidence of flaking, peeling, or blistering. The coatingshall not contain blemishes such as discolorations, stains,smears, and streaks. The co
41、ating shall show no evidence of acloudy or hazy appearance.7.5.1.1 Specular ReflectanceThe coating reflectance shallbe not greater than 0.6 % for energy incident on the surface atan angle of 0 to 15 inclusive. The reflectance shall be notgreater than 1.0 % at an angle of 30.7.5.1.2 Light LossThe coa
42、ting light loss shall be notgreater than 2.0 %.7.5.2 Splashproof/Spraytight WindowsWhen specified,splashproof or spraytight windows shall be furnished.7.6 Internal IlluminationWhen specified, meters shall beequipped with internal illumination provided by a minimum oftwo lamps, so placed to illuminat
43、e the dial evenly.7.7 Auxiliary ComponentsAll connections from theshunts and resistors to the input terminals of the meters shall beinsulated to prevent shock hazard.7.8 External AccessoriesExternal shunt, shunt leads,transformers, resistors, and other external accessories shall befurnished when req
44、uired.7.9 Meter Scales:7.9.1 DialThe dial shall be made of stiff material andshall be supported and secured firmly to the meter.7.9.1.1 Dial ColorsThe meter dial shall have white mark-ings on a black background as standard.7.9.1.2 Dial MarkingsDial legend markings shall besharply defined and visible
45、 from the front of the case but notdistract attention from the scale markings. Unless otherwisespecified, the following information shall be marked on the dialor on an attached nameplate.(a) Manufacturers name.(b) Units of measurement.(c) The quantity producing end-scale deflection. For end-zero met
46、ers, the dial markings shall be FS, indicating full scale,followed by the full-scale value and units of measurement, forexample, FS-50 mV). For meters that are not end-zero meters,the dial markings shall be marked ES indicating end scalefollowed by the end-scale value and units of measurement, forex
47、ample, ES-50 mV).7.9.2 RangesFor end-zero meters, the full-scale rangesshall be as specified. For meters that are not end-zero meters,the center and end-scale ranges shall be specified appropriately.7.9.3 Scale DivisionsUnless otherwise specified, thevalue of each scale division shall be one, two, o
48、r five of theunits measured or any decimal multiple or submultiple of thesenumbers.7.9.3.1 Linear ScalesThe total number of scale divisionsshall be determined by dividing the total range by the smallestincrement. For example; a 150-V scale with the smallestincrement of 5 V is listed as having 30 sca
49、le divisions.7.9.3.2 Nonlinear ScalesThe total number of scale divi-sions shall be determined by dividing the total range by thesmallest increment, although to avoid crowding scale marks, aportion of the scale shall not be marked. For example, a 100-Ascale with the smallest increment of 2 A, but with no marksbetween 0 and 10 A, is listed as having 50 scale divisions.7.9.4 Scale VisibilityThe scale and characters shall beuniform visually in character brightness, legibility, and clean-liness of display with all elements
