ASTM F1789-2015a Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners《F16机械紧固件的标准术语》.pdf
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1、Designation: F1789 15F1789 15aStandard Terminology forF16 Mechanical Fasteners1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1789; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parent
2、heses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This terminology standard provides a compilation of definitions for terminology used for mechanical fasteners.1.2 Terms in this terminology are organiz
3、ed alphabetically. In Appendix X1 they are listed under fastener characteristic.1.3 Additional definitions are shown in ANSI/ASME B18.12; IFI Glossary of Terms, IFI-139 and IFI-140; and SAE J412.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsE456 Termino
4、logy Relating to Quality and StatisticsF432 Specification for Roof and Rock Bolts and AccessoriesF2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and Carburization in Hardened and Tempered Threaded Steel Bolts,Screws, Studs, and NutsF2482 Specification for Load-Indicating Externally Threaded Fasten
5、ers2.2 ANSI/ASME Standard:3B18.12 Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners2.3 IFI Standards:4Glossary of Terms Relating to Aerospace FastenersIFI-139 Quality Assurance Requirements for Fastener Testing LaboratoriesIFI-140 Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, Rods, and Bars for Mechanical Fasteners2.4 SAE
6、Standard:5SAE J412 General Characteristics and Heat Treatments of Steels2.5 ISO/IEC Standards:6ISO/IEC 17011 Conformity assessment - General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessmentbodiesISO/IEC 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration l
7、aboratories3. TerminologyMechanical Fastener Definitionsacceptance numbernumerical value representing the maximum number of permissible non-conformances within a samplesubmitted for testing and acceptance of the population.accredited laboratoryan organization found to be operating in conformance wit
8、h the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 by anaccrediting body that has been found to be compliant to ISO/IEC 17011, and is recognized as a signatory to the InternationalLaboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM C
9、ommittee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.94 on Terminology.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015March 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20142015 asF1789 14a.F1789 15. DOI: 10.1520/F1789-15.10.1520/F1789-1
10、5A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (AN
11、SI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.4 Available from Industrial Fasteners Institute, 6363 Oak Tree Blvd. Independence, OH 44131. http:/www.indfast.org5 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.
12、sae.org.6 Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.ch.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes
13、 have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official
14、 document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1age hardenedprecipitation of constituents within certain alloy metals to increase mechanical properties.alloy groupmaterials grouped by their chemical designation and considere
15、d to be functionally or chemically similar for generalpurpose use.alloy steelsteel is considered to be alloy when the maximum range given for manganese exceeds 1.65 % or a definite minimumquantity for any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of the recognized field of
16、 constructional alloysteels: chromium, molybdenum, nickel, or any other alloying element added to obtain a desired alloying effect.alterto change fastener properties such as hardness, tensile strength, surface finish, length, or other characteristics of the fastenerthrough such processes as heat tre
17、atment, plating, and machining.alterationinsignificant alterationany change to the fastener from its purchased condition that results in no diminished or modifiedmechanical, metallurgical, or functional properties.significant alterationany change to the fastener from its as purchased condition that
18、results in modified mechanical,metallurgical, or functional properties.alteration distributordistributor of fasteners who alters a fastener prior to sale and assumes the full responsibilities of thealteration and its affected mechanical and performance characteristics.anchor boltsteel rod or bar, on
19、e end of which is intended to be cast in concrete while the opposite end is threaded and projectsfrom the concrete for anchoring other material to the concrete. The end cast in concrete may be either straight or provided withan anchor, such as a bent hook, forged head, or a tapped or welded attachme
20、nt to resist forces imposed on the anchor bolt asrequired.annealinggeneral term applied to a variety of thermal treatments applied to fasteners for the purpose of softening orhomogenizing material properties. The specific types of annealing are:full annealingheating steel above the upper critical tr
21、ansformation temperature, holding it there long enough to fully transformthe steel to austenite, and then cooling it at a controlled rate, in a furnace, to below a specified temperature.Afull anneal refinesgrain structure and provides a relatively soft, ductile material that is free of internal stre
22、sses.intercritical annealing/isothermal annealingheating a steel above the lower critical transformation temperature, but below theupper-critical transformation temperature, to dissolve all the iron carbides, but not transform all the ferrite to austenite. Coolingslowly from this temperature, throug
23、h the lower critical temperature, produces a structure of ferrite and pearlite that is free ofinternal stresses. In intercritical annealing, the steel continues to cool slowly in the furnace, similarly to full annealing. Inisothermal annealing, cooling is stopped just below the lower critical, assur
24、ing complete transformation to ferrite and coarsepearlite, and eliminating the potential for bainite formation. The coarse pearlite structure greatly improves machinability ofmedium carbon steels.normalizingvariation of full annealing in which steel is heated above the upper critical temperature and
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