1、Designation: F 1917 00Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forInfant Bedding and Related Accessories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1917; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety performance specification addresses incidents associated with infant beddingand related acce
3、ssories that were reported to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).These incident reports involved entanglement or strangulation on decorative ribbons, bumper guardties, wall hangings, fitted sheets, and threads resulting from unraveled seams. It also addressespotential suffocation on
4、decorative pillows placed in cribs.In response to the incident data developed by the CPSC, this consumer safety performancespecification attempts to minimize the problems listed above. This effort is accomplished through theestablishment of performance requirements and warning labels for infant bedd
5、ing and accessories.This specification cannot prevent incidents that occur as the result of unforeseeable abuse and misuse.NOTEThis consumer safety performance specification is not intended to address incidents and injuries resulting from the inter-action of other persons with children using these p
6、roducts or the incidents resulting from unforeseeable abuse and misuse.This consumer safety performance specification has been written based on current state-of-the-artsoftgoods technology. This consumer safety performance specification will be updated wheneversubstantive information becomes availab
7、le.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes safetyperformance requirements, test methods, and requirements forlabeling to minimize the identified hazards to children pre-sented by infant bedding and related accessories as identified inthe introduction.1.2 No infant bedding or relat
8、ed accessory produced afterthe approval date of the consumer safety performance specifi-cation shall indicate, either by label or other means, compli-ance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicablerequirements contained herein.1.3 The inspection and test procedures contained herein
9、shall be used to determine the conformance of products to therequirements of this consumer safety performance specifica-tion. The relevant tests for an infant bedding product or relatedaccessory can be done in any order, except where specified.Each test may be conducted on a different sample, unless
10、otherwise specified. The tests can be considered as qualifica-tion tests and not necessarily as quality control tests. Thesetests shall also be conducted when there is a design or materialchange in the infant bedding or related accessory item. Eachproducer or distributor who represents any products
11、as con-forming to this specification may utilize statistically basedsampling plans that are appropriate and shall keep suchessential records as are necessary to document that all of therequirements of this specification have been met. Any testmethods that are made mandatory by the CPSC, or anyapplic
12、able governmental agencies, shall supersede any appli-cable test methods in this specification.1.4 These tests are intended to simulate normal use condi-tions, so as to ensure that hazards are not generated throughnormal use. The tests shall be carried out in a normal useenvironment. For example, bu
13、mper guards should be securedin a crib as a customer would in actual end use situations. Tiesshould be tied and untied. While no specific requirements aredefined here, the evaluator shall perform enough testing tosimulate normal use during the estimated lifetime of theproduct. The infant bedding pro
14、duct or related accessory shallbe inspected after such tests and shall be evaluated accordingto the relevant requirements listed within this specification.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.6 The foll
15、owing safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety perfor-mance specification: This standard does not purport to address1This consumer safety performance specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F-15 on Consumer Products and is the
16、 direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F15.19 on Infant Bedding.Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2000. Published May 2000. Originallypublished as F 1917 99. Last previous edition F 1917 99.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United Sta
17、tes.the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1169 Specification
18、 for Full-Size Baby Crib2.2 Federal Standards:316 CFR Part 1508 Full-Size Baby Crib16 CFR Part 1509 Non-Full-Size Baby Crib16 CFR Part 1500.501500.53 Test Methods for SimulatingUse and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended forUse by Children2.3 ANSI Standard:4ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and
19、 Labels3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 bumper ties, nflexible ribbons, strings, and tiesattached to a bumper for the purpose of attaching to a crib.3.1.2 infant bedding and related accessories, nincludesthe following items intended for use in a nursery: fitted
20、sheets,blankets, dust ruffles, covers and drapes for canopies, pillows,mattress covers, diaper stackers, fabric wall hangings, bumperguards, headboard bumper guards, and comforters.4. General Requirements4.1 Ribbons, Strings, and TiesRibbons, strings, and tiesshall comply with the length requirement
21、s in 6.1.4.2 ThreadsUse of monofilament thread in the construc-tion of infant bedding and related accessories is prohibited.4.3 Bumper guards shall be capable of being secured at ornear all corners and at the midpoints of the long sides of thecrib. Bumper guards intended for circular cribs shall be
22、capableof being secured at intervals not exceeding 26 in. (660 mm).5. Performance Requirements5.1 Normal Use TestingSimulation of normal use condi-tions are described in 1.4.5.2 Unsupported VinylsUnsupported vinyl shall be 0.012-in. (0.30-mm) nominal thickness or thicker gage. No minimumthickness is
23、 specified for supported vinyl. Any infant beddingor related accessory item composed entirely or in part ofunsupported vinyl shall be tested in accordance with 6.2.5.3 If during the course of conducting tests in accordancewith this specification, a test sample sustains any permanentdeformation or da
24、mage, an additional test sample shall be usedfor the remainder of the tests.6. Test Methods6.1 Ribbons, Strings, and TiesFlexible ribbons, strings, orties attached to any infant bedding or related accessory item,with the exception of ties on bumper guards and headboardbumper guards, shall not exceed
25、 7 in. (180 mm) whenmeasured to the maximum length under a force of 5 lbf (22 N).Ribbons, strings, and ties on bumper guards and headboardbumper guards, shall not exceed 9.0 in. (230 mm). If ribbons,strings, or ties can tangle to form a loop, then the perimeter ofthe loop shall not exceed 14 in. (36
26、0 mm) under a force of 5 lbf(22 N).6.2 RationaleThe neck circumference of a 5th percentile0-3 month old infant is 7.2 in. (183 mm), as stated in theUniversity of Michigan final report to the CPSC dated January1986. Based on this measurement, the Infant Bedding andRelated Accessories Subcommittee has
27、 mandated the maxi-mum allowable length of flexible ribbons, strings, or tiesattached to any infant bedding or related accessory item, withthe exception of bumper guards and headboard bumper guards,to be 7.0 in. (180 mm). The maximum allowable length offlexible ribbons, strings, or ties, or a combin
28、ation thereof,attached to bumper guards and headboard bumper guards forthe purpose of securing it to a crib rail is 9 in. (230 mm).Flexible ribbons, strings, or ties of 9 in. on bumper guards andheadboard bumper guards will allow the product to be suffi-ciently secured to the crib rails by the paren
29、t or care provider.On some cribs, shorter ribbons, strings, or ties may not allowthe parent or care provider to be able to sufficiently secure thebumper guard or headboard bumper guard, or both, to the cribrail.6.3 Vinyl Thickness MeasurementUsing a paper microme-ter, measure the thickness at four l
30、ocations, one at each end andtwo in a location near the middle.7. Product/Package Marking7.1 Each product shall have a permanent conspicuous labelthat identifies the name and address (city, state, and zip code)of the manufacturer, distributor, or seller, or a label thatidentifies the Registered Iden
31、tification Number (RN) or WoolProducts Labeling Act Number (WPL).57.2 Product Warning LabelsA permanent conspicuouslabel(s) shall be on each headboard/bumper set, bumper, wallhanging, decorator pillow (label shall be applied to insert andcover, if cover is removable), diaper stacker, and fitted shee
32、t.The label(s) shall be in the ANSI format, which would includea delineated signal word panel containing the safety alertsymbol before the signal word and a contrasting background.The label(s) shall begin with the word “WARNING,” theletters of which shall not be less than 0.2 in. (5 mm) high. Therem
33、aining text shall be in letters not less than 0.1 in. (2.5 mm)high.7.2.1 The warning label(s) for a headboard/bumper set orbumper shall read as follows:“ WARNING2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book o
34、f ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.4Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thFloor, New York, NY 10036.5
35、RN/WPL is the Registration Number/Wool Products Labeling Act under theFederal Trade Commission.F1917002To prevent entanglement or strangulation, position ties to outside of crib and besure they are secure.Remove bumper when child can sit up unaided or can pull to a standing position.7.2.2 The warnin
36、g label for a fabric wall hanging shall readas follows:“ WARNINGTo prevent entanglement or strangulation, do not place within a childs reach(including a standing child).Not intended as a toy.7.2.3 The warning label for a pillow shall read as follows:“ WARNINGTo prevent suffocation, do not put any pi
37、llow in a crib or near an area where aninfant may sleep.Pillows are a decorator item only and are not intended for an infants use.7.2.4 The warning label for a diaper stacker shall read asfollows:“ WARNINGPrevent strangulation or entanglement.Never place on or attach to a crib.7.2.5 The warning labe
38、l for a fitted sheet shall read asfollows:“ WARNINGPrevent possible strangulation or entanglement.Never use crib sheet unless it fits securely on crib mattress.7.3 Package Warning StatementA warning statementshall be on each fitted sheet retail package. The warningstatement shall be in the ANSI form
39、at as stated in 7.2.7.3.1 The warning statement for a fitted sheet retail packageshall read as follows:“ WARNINGPrevent possible suffocation or entanglement.Never use crib sheet unless it fits securely on crib mattress.7.4 RationaleWarning labels for headboard/bumpers,wall hangings, pillows, fitted
40、sheets, and diaper stackers havebeen created to warn the consumer of the hazard that can existif the product is not used as intended. In most cases, thehazards identified in each warning label are substantiated bydata from in-depth investigations of accidents or fatalities, orboth, involving the use
41、 of the aforementioned products. Basedon these facts, the word “prevent,” instead of “possible,” isused in order to stress the importance of compliance with thestated warning. In addition, the word “Warning” is used as thesignal word for these warning labels asANSI Z535.4 states that“Warning” indica
42、tes a potentially hazardous situation which, ifnot avoided, could result in death or serious injury.8. Keywords8.1 bumper guard; diaper stacker; fitted sheet; infant bed-ding; wall hangingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with an
43、y item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical
44、 committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration a
45、t a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
46、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F1917003
