1、Designation: F 405 05An American National StandardStandard Specification forCorrugated Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 405; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers
3、 requirements and test methodsfor materials, marking dimensions, workmanship, elongation,brittleness, pipe stiffness, and perforations for corrugatedpolyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings in nominal sizes of 3 to 6in., inclusive.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standar
4、d. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.NOTE 1Sizes 8 to 15 in. are described in Specification F 667.1.3 The text of this specification references notes andfootnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes andfootnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not becon
5、sidered as requirements of the specification.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof
6、this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials F
7、or Wire and CableD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-moplastic Pipe and FittingsD 2412 Test Method for Determination of External LoadingCharacteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate LoadingF 412 Terminology Relating to
8、 Plastic Piping SystemsF 667 Specification for Large Diameter Corrugated Poly-ethylene Pipe and Fittings3. Terminology3.1 Definitions Definitions are in accordance with Termi-nology F 412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Ter-minology D 1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviationfor p
9、olyethylene is PE.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 crackany break or split that extends through thewall.3.2.2 creasea deformation that cannot be removed like adent; generally associated with wall buckling.4. Significance and Use4.1 Corrugated PE pipe and fittings are intended
10、 for under-ground applications where soil support is given to the flexiblewalls. Their major uses are in soil drainage and septic fieldleach beds (see appendix for installation guidelines).4.2 Corrugated fittings complying with the requirements ofthis specification may be used with either standard o
11、r heavy-duty pipe as defined by the requirements of Table 1.5. Materials5.1 GeneralCompounds used in the manufacture of cor-rugated PE drainage pipe and fittings shall conform with therequirements of Grade P14 Class C, Grade P23 Class C, GradeP33 Class C, or Grade P34 Class C, as defined and describ
12、edin Specification D 1248.NOTE 2Class B pigments may be substituted for Class C providedthat ultraviolet protection is acceptable to the purchaser as satisfactory forthe intended use.5.2 Rework MaterialThe manufacturer shall use only hisown clean pipe or fitting rework material; the pipe and fitting
13、sproduced shall meet all the requirements of this specification.6. Requirements6.1 The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughoutand free of foreign inclusions or visible defects. The pipe andfittings shall be as uniform as commercially practicable incolor, opacity, density, and other physica
14、l properties. The ends1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on PlasticPiping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.65 on LandDrainage.Current edition approved August 1, 2005. Published August 2005. Originallyapproved in 1974. Last previous edition
15、 approved in 1997 as F 405 97.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International,
16、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.shall be cut squarely and cleanly. They shall be free of internalobstructions, including defective seams or mold registrationlines. The product function shall be considered when judgingexternal defects.6.1.1 Visible
17、DefectsCracks, creases, splits, obstructionsto flow in perforations or in pipe, uncolored or “pale” pipe, andobvious thin spots are not permissible.NOTE 3Wall thickness may vary within each corrugation. Thisvariation is acceptable provided that the pipe meets all physical require-ments.NOTE 4Defecti
18、ve sections may be removed and the line spliced in thefield, where practical.6.2 Dimensions:6.2.1 Nominal SizeThe nominal size for pipe and fittingsshall be the inside diameter. Nominal diameters shall be sizedin 1-in. increments beginning at 3 in.6.2.2 Inside DiameterThe tolerance on the specified
19、in-side diameter shall be 63 % when measured in accordancewith 8.7.1.6.2.3 LengthCorrugated PE pipe is an extruded productand may be sold in any length agreeable to the user. Lengthshall not be less than 99 % of stated quantity when measured inaccordance with 8.7.6.2.4 PerforationsPerforations shall
20、 be cleanly cut anduniformly spaced along the length of the pipe, in a size, shape,and pattern to suit the needs of the specifier. Unless otherwisespecified, leach bed pipe shall have at least two rows of holesnominally14 to34 in. in diameter at a maximum of 5-in.(125-mm) centers, when measured in a
21、ccordance with 8.7.3.Pipe shall be clearly marked with a locating stripe or emboss-ment.6.2.5 The actual inside diameter of a fitting will normallyexceed the nominal diameter to permit the connection to beexternal to the pipe.6.2.6 The maximum allowable gap between fitting and pipeshall not exceed t
22、he pipe perforation width unless otherwisespecified.6.2.7 All fittings shall be within an overall length dimensiontolerance 612 in. (12.7 mm) of the manufacturers specifieddimensions.6.3 Pipe Requirements:6.3.1 Pipe StiffnessCorrugated PE pipe shall have a mini-mum pipe stiffness as described in Tab
23、le 1 when tested inaccordance with 8.3. Pipe tested shall contain perforations ifapplicable.NOTE 5The 5 and 10 % deflection criteria, which were arbitrarilyselected for testing convenience, should not be considered as limitationswith respect to in-use deflection. The engineer is responsible for esta
24、b-lishing the acceptable deflection limit.NOTE 6The strength and load carrying capabilities of plastic drainand sewer pipe are measured and reported as pipe stiffness which isdetermined in accordance with Test Method D 2412. The term “crushstrength” is not applicable to plastic piping because (1) th
25、e values obtainedcan be significantly different, depending on the bedding, loading, ortesting technique used; and (2) the term derives from rigid pipe and refersto its ultimate strength at rupture.6.3.2 Elongation:6.3.2.1 The pipe shall be tested in accordance with 8.4. Thetest specimens shall conta
26、in perforations if applicable. Threespecimens shall be tested and the average elongation calcu-lated.6.3.2.2 This test is intended for continuously extruded pipeonly. Individually blown molded pipe, due to its short length,is exempted from the test unless installed in tension.6.3.2.3 The average elo
27、ngation shall meet the requirementsof Table 1. For pipe having a higher elongation, the specimensshall meet the requirements of 6.3.3.6.3.3 Pipe Stiffness While ElongatedPipe having an elon-gation greater than permitted by Table 1 shall be further testedin accordance with 8.5. Three specimens shall
28、be tested; theaverage value shall meet the pipe stiffness requirements ofTable 1 in the stretched condition in order to be consideredacceptable under this specification.6.4 Fitting Requirements:6.4.1 The fittings shall not reduce or impair the overallintegrity or function of the pipe line.6.4.2 Comm
29、on corrugated fittings include in-line joint fit-tings, such as couplings and reducers, and branch or comple-mentary assembly fittings, such as tees, Ys, downspoutadapters, and end caps. These fittings are installed by variousmethods, such as snap-on, screw-on, or wrap around.NOTE 7Some corrugated f
30、ittings will not fit all pipes. Only pipesupplied or recommended by the pipe manufacturer should be used.6.4.3 Fittings shall not reduce the waterway of the pipebeing joined. Reducer fittings shall not reduce the cross-sectional area of the smaller size.6.4.4 Pipe and joint fittings shall not separa
31、te when tested inaccordance with 8.8.6.4.5 The fitting shall not crack, split, or crease when testedin accordance with 8.9.6.4.6 The design of the fittings shall be such that whenconnected with the pipe, the axis of the assembly will be leveland true when tested in accordance with 8.10.6.5 Brittlene
32、ssThere shall be no cracking of the pipe wallwhen tested in accordance with 8.6, except as specified in 6.5.1and 6.5.2.6.5.1 Cracks with a maximum chord length of 10 mm thatoriginate at a perforation or at either end of the sample shall notbe cause for rejection.6.5.2 Splitting along a pipe seam or
33、mold parting line is notcaused by brittleness and should be evaluated as a workman-ship defect as described in 6.1, if no split exceeds 50 mm inchord length.7. Sampling and Retest7.1 SamplingRepresentative samples of pipe and fittingssufficient to determine conformance with this specificationshall b
34、e taken at random from stock by the testing agency.TABLE 1 Physical Test Requirements for Corrugated PlasticPipePhysical Property Specified StandardPipeHeavy-DutyPipePipe stiffness at 5 % deflection, min, MPa (psi) 0.17 (24) 0.21 (30)Pipe stiffness at 10 % deflection, min, MPa (psi) 0.13 (19) 0.175
35、(25)Elongation, max, % 10 5F4050527.2 Retest and RejectionIf the results of any test(s) do notmeet the requirements of this specification, the test(s) shall beconducted again only by agreement between the purchaser andseller. Under such agreement, minumum requirements shall notbe lowered, changed, o
36、r modified, nor shall specification limitsbe changed. If, upon retest, failure occurs, the quantity ofproduct represented by the test(s) shall be rejected.8. Test Methods8.1 ConditioningCondition the specimen prior to test at70 to 77F (23 6 2C) for not less than 40 h in accordance withProcedure A in
37、 Practice D 618, for those tests where condi-tioning is required and in all cases of disagreement.8.2 Test ConditionsConduct the test in a laboratory tem-perature of 23 6 2C unless otherwise specified.8.3 Pipe StiffnessWeigh a minimum of three pipe speci-mens and test for pipe stiffness, F/Dy, as de
38、scribed in TestMethod D 2412, except for the following: (1) The test speci-mens shall be 12 618 in. (305 6 3 mm) long. (2) Locate thefirst specimens in loading machine with the imaginary linebetween the two corrugator seams (end view) parallel to theloading plates. The specimen must lie flat on the
39、plate within18in. (3 mm). If necessary, straighten specimen by hand bendingat room temperature to accomplish this. Use the first locationas a reference point for rotation and testing of the other twospecimens. Test each specimen in one position only. (3) Thedeflection indicator shall be readable and
40、 accurate to 60.001in. (60.02 mm). (4) The residual curvature found in corrugatedpipe frequently results in an erratic initial load/deflectioncurve. When this occurs, project the lineal portion of theload/deflection curve between 0 and 5 % deflection until itintersects the deflection axis. This poin
41、t shall be considered asthe origin of the load/deflection curve.NOTE 8The parallel plates must exceed the samples in length.8.4 ElongationEach specimen shall be 50 in. (1.27 m)long and shall be tested with the axis vertical. Apply the loadby hanging a mass at the bottom end of the specimen. Theiniti
42、al load shall not exceed one D lb; the test load shall be fiveD lb, where D is the nominal inside diameter of the specimen.Apply the initial load to straighten the specimen and mark thegage length. The gage length shall be the middle 30 in. (0.76m) of the specimen. Apply the test weight gently and,
43、after 3min, remeasure the gage length to the nearest 0.125 in. (3 mm).Calculate the elongation, E, in percent, as follows:E = (in. of stretch 3 100)/30 in.NOTE 9The test load is additional to the initial (tare) load.8.5 Pipe Stiffness While ElongatedTest the 30-in.(0.76-m) gage length cut from the c
44、enter of the 50-in. (1.27 m)specimen for pipe stiffness at 5 and 10 % deflection asdescribed in Test Method D 2412, except for the followingconditions: (1) Stretch the test specimen as shown in Fig. 1 tothe same percent elongation as measured in 8.4 and test in thiscondition; (2) support it on a rig
45、id base plate 12 in. (305 mm)in length, and (3) apply a load plate 12 in. (305 mm) in length,to the center portion of the 30-in. (762-mm) specimen.8.6 BrittlenessTest three samples of frozen pipe at animpact of 35 ftlbf (47 J) between two flat parallel plates. SeeFig. 2.8.6.1 Cut sample specimens 6
46、in. (152 mm) long from onecontinuous length.8.6.2 Condition specimens at 10 6 5F (23 6 3C) for aminimum of 30 min.8.6.3 Set the 21-lb (9.5-kg) top plate for a free fall of 20 in.(508 mm) to the uppermost surface of the specimen.8.6.4 Locate the specimen to be tested on the bottom platewith the plane
47、 of the corrugator seams parallel to the plate.8.6.5 Drop the upper plate and impact test the pipe specimenwithin 30 s of removal of specimen from conditioning envi-ronment.8.6.6 Remove and inspect in accordance with the require-ments of 6.5. Repeat for each specimen.NOTE 10Brittleness cracking will
48、 normally occur in the areas ofdirect plate contact and will be quite audible.8.7 Measurement:8.7.1 Inside DiameterMeasure the inside diameter of thepipe with a tapered plug in accordance with Test MethodD 2122.8.7.2 LengthMeasure pipe with any suitable device accu-rate to 614 in. (66 mm) in 10 ft (
49、3 m) (0.2 %). Make allmeasurements on the tubing while it is resting on a relativelyflat surface in a straight line, with no external forces of tensionor compression exerted on the pipe.8.7.3 PerforationsMeasure dimensions of perforations ona straight specimen with no external forces applied. Makelinear measurements with instruments accurate to 0.01 in. (0.2mm).NOTE 1Use any fabricated fitting that provides contact around the circumference of the corrugation in place of the end cap. On one end of the roduse a double nut (locked togeth
