1、Designation: F 594 02Standard Specification forStainless Steel Nuts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indic
2、ates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the requirements for stainlesssteel nuts 0.25 to 1.50
3、in., inclusive, in nominal diameter in anumber of alloys in common use and intended for serviceapplications requiring general corrosion resistance.1.2 Seven groups of stainless steel alloys are covered,including ten austenitic, two ferritic, four martensitic, and oneprecipitation hardening.Group All
4、oysAConditionB1 304, 305, 304L384, 189LW, 302HQC(CW) cold workedD2 316, 316L (CW) cold workedD3 321, 347 (CW) cold workedD4 430E(CW) cold workedD5 410F(H) hardened and tempered6 431 (H) hardened and tempered7 630 (AH) aged hardenedAUnless otherwise specified on the inquiry and order, the choice of a
5、n alloy fromwithin a group shall be at the discretion of the fastener manufacturer (see 6.1).BSee 4.2 for options.CWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may befurnished.DSizes 0.75 in. and larger may be hot worked and solution annealed.EWhen approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F
6、may be furnished.FWhen approved by the purchaser, alloy 416 or 416Se may be furnished.1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided, applicable only when agreed upon by the manufac-turer and the purchaser at the time of the inquiry and order.1.4 Suitable bolts, hex cap screws, and
7、 studs for use withnuts included in this specification are covered by SpecificationF 593. Unless otherwise specified, all bolts, hex cap screws,and studs used with these nuts shall conform to the require-ments of Specification F 593 and shall be of the same alloygroup.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
8、 Standards:A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Inter-granular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels2A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes2A 342/A 342M Test Methods for Permeability of FeeblyMagnetic Materials3A 380 Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation ofSta
9、inless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems2A 484/A 484M Specification for General Requirements forStainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings2A 493 Specification for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rodsfor Cold Heading and Cold Forging2A 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements forStainless a
10、nd Heat-Resisting Steel Wire and Wire Rods2A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes2A 571 Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron Castings forPressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-TemperatureService4A 582/A 582M Specification fo
11、r Free-Machining StainlessSteel Bars2A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel Products2D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging5E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications6E 353 Test Methods for Chemical Anal
12、ysis of Stainless,Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys7F 593 Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex CapScrews, and Studs8F 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets8F 1470 G
13、uide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechani-cal Properties and Performance Inspection82.2 ASME Standards:9B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.04 on NonferrousFasteners
14、.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published April 2002. Originallypublished as F 594 78. Last previous edition F 594 01.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.04.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.6Ann
15、ual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.9Available from Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inverness Way, EastEnglewood, CO 80112.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1
16、9428-2959, United States.B18.2.2 Square and Hex NutsNOTE 1The following ASTM standards are noted for informationonly as suitable sources of material for the manufacture of nuts to thisspecification:Specifications A 493, A 564/A 564M, and A 582/A 582M.3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for nuts under
17、this specification shall include thefollowing:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of each item and size),3.1.2 Name of item,3.1.3 Size (diameter and threads per inch),3.1.4 Alloy group number (see 6.2.1), and3.1.5 Condition (see 4.2).3.1.6 Orders for nuts under this specification may includethe followi
18、ng optional requirements:3.1.6.1 Forming (see 4.1.1),3.1.6.2 Composition (see 6.2),3.1.6.3 Corrosion resistance (see 8.1),3.1.6.4 Thread class (see 9.2),3.1.6.5 Finish (see 10.3),3.1.6.6 Test report (see 17.2),3.1.6.7 Rejection (see 16.1),3.1.6.8 Test rejection (see 16.1), and3.1.6.9 Special packagi
19、ng (see 19.2).3.1.7 Supplementary requirements, if any, to be specified onthe order (see S1 through S8), and3.1.8 ASTM specification and date of issue. When date ofissue is not specified, fasteners shall be furnished to the latestissue.NOTE 2Example: 10 000 pieces, Hex Nut, 0.250 in. 20, Alloy Group
20、1, Condition CW, Furnish Test Report, Supplementary Requirement S3.4. Manufacture4.1 Manufacture:4.1.1 FormingUnless otherwise specified, the nuts shallbe hot formed, cold formed, or machined from suitablematerial, at the option of the manufacturer.4.2 ConditionThe fasteners shall be furnished in th
21、efollowing conditions, unless specified to be furnished in one ofthe optional conditions:Alloy GroupCondition FurnishedUnless OtherwiseSpecifiedOptional Conditions(must be specified)1, 2, 3 CW AF, A, SH4C5HHT6H7 AH noneA Machined from annealed or solution annealed stock thus re-taining the propertie
22、s of the original material; or hot formedand solution annealed.AF Annealed after all threading is completed.AH Solution annealed and age hardened after forming.CW Annealed and cold worked. Sizes 0.75 in. and larger may behot worked and solution annealed.H Hardened and tempered at 1050F (565C) minimu
23、m.HT Hardened and tempered at 525F (274C) minimum.SH Machined from strain hardened stock.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Alloy Groups 1, 2, and 3 (Austenitic Alloys 303, 303Se,304, 304L, 305, 316, 316L, 321, 347, 384, XM1, 189LW, and302HQ) :5.1.1 Condition AWhen Condition A is specified, theaustenitic alloys s
24、hall be heated to 1900 6 50F (1038 628C), at which time the chromium carbide will go into thesolution, be held for a sufficient time, and then be cooled at arate sufficient to prevent precipitation of the carbide and toprovide the specified properties.5.1.2 Condition CWWhen Condition CW is specified
25、, theaustenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 and thencold worked to develop the specified properties.5.1.3 Condition AFWhen Condition AF is specified, theaustenitic alloys shall be annealed as specified in 5.1.1 after allcold working, including forming and threading.5.2 Alloy Group
26、 4 (Ferritic Alloys 430 and 430F):5.2.1 Condition AThe ferritic alloys shall be heated to atemperature of 1450 6 50F (788 6 28C), held for anappropriate time, and then air cooled to provide the specifiedproperties.5.2.2 Condition CWWhen Condition CW is specified, theferritic alloys shall be annealed
27、 in accordance with 5.2.1,generally by the raw material manufacturer, and then coldworked to develop the specified properties.5.3 Alloy Group 5 (Martensitic Alloys 410, 416, and 416Se):5.3.1 Condition HWhen Condition H is specified, themartensitic alloys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened andtemp
28、ered by heating to 1850 6 50F (1010 6 28C) sufficientfor austenitization, held for at least12 h and rapid air- oroil-quenched, then reheating to 1050F (565C) minimum forat least 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.5.3.2 Condition HTWhen Condition HT is specified, themartensitic al
29、loys 410, 416, and 416Se shall be hardened andtempered by heating to 1850 6 50F (1010 6 28C) sufficientfor austenitization, held for at least12 h and rapid air- oroil-quenched, then reheating to 525F (274C) minimum for atleast 1 h and air cooled to provide the specified properties.5.4 Alloy Group 6
30、(Martensitic Alloy 431):5.4.1 Conditions H and HTThe martensitic alloy 431shall be hardened and tempered as specified in 5.3.1 and 5.3.2as applicable.5.5 Alloy Group 7 (Precipitation Hardening Alloy 630):5.5.1 Condition AHThe precipitation hardening alloy 630shall be solution annealed and aged by he
31、ating to 1900 6 25F(1038 6 14C) for at least12 h and rapid air or oil quenchedto 80F (27C) maximum, then reheating to a temperature of1150 6 15F (621 6 8C) for 4 h and air cooled to provide thespecified properties.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Alloy GroupsIt is the intent of this specification thatfast
32、eners shall be ordered by alloy group numbers that includealloys considered to be chemically equivalent for generalpurpose use. The alloy groupings are as shown below. Whenrequired, however, a specific alloy may be specified as permit-ted by 6.2.2.F594022Alloy Group Alloys1 304, 305, 304L384, 189LW,
33、 302HQA2 316, 316L3 321, 3474 430B5 410C6 4317 630AWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 303, 303Se, or XM1 may befurnished.BWhen approved by the purchaser, alloy 430F may be furnished.CWhen approved by the purchaser, alloys 416 or 416Se may be furnished.6.2 Chemical Composition Limits:6.2.1 Orderi
34、ng by Alloy GroupUnless otherwise specifiedon the inquiry and order (see Supplementary Requirement S4),the choice of an alloy from within a group shall be at thediscretion of the fastener manufacturer as required by hismethod of fastener fabrication and material availability. Thespecific alloy used
35、by the fastener manufacturer shall be clearlyidentified on any certification required by the order and shallhave a chemical composition conforming to the requirementsof Table 1 for the specific alloy.6.2.2 Ordering by Specific AlloyWhen ordered by a spe-cific alloy number, the fasteners shall confor
36、m to the chemicalcomposition limits of Table 1 for the specific alloy.6.3 Product Analysis:6.3.1 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser fromfinished nuts representing each lot. The chemical compositionthus determined shall conform to the requirements of Table 1TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAll
37、oyGroupUNSDesig-nationAlloyComposition, % maximum except as shownCarbonManga-nesePhos-phorusSulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Copper Molybdenum OthersAustenitic Alloys1 S30300 303 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.15 min 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to10.0. . . 0.60 maxA.1 S30323 303Se 0.15 2.00 0.20 0.060 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 t
38、o10.0. . . . . . Se 0.15min1 S30400 304 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to20.08.0 to10.51.00 . . . . . .1 S30403 304L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 18.0 to20.08.0 to12.01.00 . . . . . .1 S30500 305 0.12 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.010.5 to13.01.00 . . . . . .1 S38400 384 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00
39、15.0 to17.017.0 to19.0. . .1 S20300 XM1 0.08 5.0 to 6.5 0.040 0.18 to0.351.00 16.0 to18.05.0 to6.51.75 to2.250.50 maxA.1 S30430 189LW 0.10 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to10.03.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .1 S30433 302HQ 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.08.0 to 10.0 3.0 to 4.0 . . . . . .2 S31603
40、316L 0.03 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to18.010.0 to14.0. . . 2.003.00 . . .2 S31600 316 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 16.0 to18.010.0 to14.0. . . 2.003.00 . . .3 S32100 321 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.09.0 to12.0. . Ti53 Cmin3 S34700 347 0.08 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 17.0 to19.09.0 to13.0. . Cb+Ta
41、10 3 CminFerritic Alloys4 S43000S43020430430F0.120.121.001.250.0400.0600.0300.15 min1.001.0016.0 to18.016.0 to18.0. .0.60 maxA.Martensitic Alloys5 S41000 410 0.15 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 11.5 to13.5. . . .5 S41600 416 0.15 1.25 0.060 0.15 min 1.00 12.0 to14.0. . . . . . 0.60 maxA.5 S41623 416Se 0.15 1
42、.25 0.060 0.060 1.00 12.0 to14.0. . . . . . . . . Se 0.15min6 S43100 431 0.20 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to17.01.25 to2.50. . .Precipitation Hardening Alloy7 S17400 630 0.07 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 15.0 to17.53.0 to 5.0 3.0 to 5.0 . . . Cb + Ta0.150.45AAt manufacturers option, determined only when int
43、entionally added.Editorially corrected.F594023for the specific alloy subject to the Product Analysis Tolerancein Specification A 555/A 555M.6.3.2 In the event of discrepancy, a referee chemical analy-sis of samples from each lot shall be made in accordance with14.1.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The fi
44、nished fasteners shall meet the applicable me-chanical properties of Table 2 for the specified alloy group andcondition when tested in accordance with the mechanicalproperty requirements as specified herein (see also Table 3).TABLE 2 Mechanical Property RequirementsAStainless AlloyGroupConditionBAll
45、oy MechanicalProperty MarkingNominal Diam-eter, in.Proof Stress,ksi, minRockwellHardnessAustenitic AlloysAF F594A14 to 112 , incl 70 B85 max1 A F594B14 to 112 , incl 75 B65 to 95, incl(303, 304, 304L CW1 F594C14 to58 , incl 100 B95 to C 32, incl305, 384, CW2 F594D34 to 112 , incl 85 B80 to C 32, inc
46、lXM1, 189LW, SH1 F594A14 to58 , incl 120 C24 to C 36, incl302HQ, 303Se) SH2 F594B34 to 1, incl 110 C20 to C 32, inclSH3 F594C 118 to 114 , incl 100 B95 to C 30, inclSH4 F594D 138 to 112 , incl 85 B90 to C 28, inclAF F594E14 to 112 , incl 70 B85 max2 A F594F14 to 112 , incl 75 B65 to 95, incl(316) CW
47、1 F594G14 to58 , incl 100 B95 to C 32, incl316L CW2 F594H34 to 112 , incl 85 B80 to C 32, inclSH1 F594E14 to58 , incl 120 C24 to C 36, inclSH2 F594F34 to 1, incl 110 C20 to C 32, inclSH3 F594G 118 to 114 , incl 100 B95 to C 30, inclSH4 F594H 138 to 112 , incl 85 B90 to C 28, inclAF F594J14 to 112 ,
48、incl 70 B85 max3 A F594K14 to 112 , incl 75 B65 to 95, incl(321, 347) CW1 F594L14 to58 , incl 100 B95 to C 32, inclCW2 F594M34 to 112 , incl 85 B80 to C 32, inclSH1 F594J14 to58 , incl 120 C24 to C 36, inclSH2 F594K34 to 1, incl 110 C20 to C 32, inclSH3 F594L 118 to 114 , incl 100 B95 to C 30, inclS
49、H4 F594M 138 to 112 , incl 85 B90 to C 28, inclFerritic Alloys4(430, 430F)ACW1CW2F594NF594VF594W14 to 112 , incl14 to58 , incl34 to 112 , incl55605585 maxB75 to 98, inclB65 to 95, inclMartensitic Alloys5(410, 416, 416Se)HHTF594PF594R14 to 112 , incl14 to 112 , incl100160C20 to 30, inclC34 to 45, incl6(431)HHTF594SF594T14 to 112 , incl14 to 112 , incl125180C25 to 32, inclC40 to 48, inclPrecipitation Hardening Alloys7(630)AH F594U14 to 112 , incl 135 C28 to 38, inclA
