1、Designation: F883 13Standard Performance Specification forPadlocks1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F883; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicat
2、es the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers environmental, functional,operational, and security requi
3、rements for padlocks. Includedare function descriptions, cycle tests, operational tests, envi-ronmental tests, forcing tests, and surreptitious entry tests. Noeffort has been made to include criteria for specially madepadlocks used by the Department of Defense or others inhighly sensitive locations.
4、1.2 This specification describes and grades various levels ofperformance to provide users of the specification with criteriaupon which to select suitable padlocks.1.3 Tests described are laboratory tests and although theysimulate field conditions as to attacks or the environment, theydo not duplicat
5、e these conditions. Tests described are repeat-able in the laboratory.1.4 Some users of this specification may wish to usepadlocks that have special attributes not related to security.These are found in 4.3.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The inch-pound units giv
6、en in parentheses areprovided for information only.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions, Sections 8-11, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address the safety concerns, ifany, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
7、of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusG154 Practice for Operating Fluorescent Ultraviolet (UV)Lamp A
8、pparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials2.2 ANSI Standard:3A 156.5 Standard for Auxiliary Locks and Associated Prod-ucts3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 acceptance testing, vto assure by documented test-ing that a padlock meets specific tests of Specificat
9、ion F883 asagreed to by the buyer and seller.3.1.2 bump key, nlock picking key with uniform steeplesbetween cuts that is forced further into the lock via impact.3.1.3 cam, nlock or cylinder component which transfersthe rotational motion of a key or cylinder plug to the bolt worksof a lock.3.1.4 case
10、, nhousing or body of a lock or latch.3.1.5 certified, vto assure by documented testing that apadlock meets all test requirements appropriate to its grading.3.1.6 clevis, nfastener attached to a padlock case orshackle for connection of a chain, designed to prevent displace-ment of a padlock.3.1.7 cy
11、linder, ncomplete operating unit which usuallyconsists of the plug, shell, tumblers, springs, plug retainer, acam/tailpiece or other actuating device, and all other necessaryoperating parts.3.1.8 cylinder bitting, ngroup of numbers that representthe bitting of a key or the tumblers, or both, of a lo
12、ck orcylinder.3.1.9 decode, vto determine a key combination by physi-cal measurement of a key or cylinder parts, or both.3.1.10 heel, npart of a padlock shackle that normally isretained in the case when in the unlocked position.3.1.11 impression technique, vmeans of fitting a keydirectly to a locked
13、 cylinder by manipulating a blank in thekeyway and cutting the blank where the tumblers have mademarks.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 onSecurity Systems and Equipmentand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeF12.50 on Locking Devices.Current edition approve
14、d July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F883 09. DOI:10.1520/F0883-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume
15、 information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13
16、.1.12 keyway, nopening in a lock or cylinder that isshaped to accept a key bit or blade of a proper configuration.3.1.13 lock bumping, npicking technique that utilizes aconfigured key forcefully impacted into the keyway.3.1.14 padlock, ndetachable and portable lock with ashackle that locks into its
17、case. Components performing thesame purpose of a shackle but differing in design are some-times used instead of a shackle.3.1.15 pick, vto manipulate tumblers in a keyed lockmechanism through the keyway, without obvious damage, bymeans other than the specifically designed key.3.1.16 plug, npart of a
18、 cylinder which contains thekeyway, with tumbler chambers usually corresponding to thosein the cylinder shell.3.1.17 plug retainer, ncylinder component that secures theplug in the shell.3.1.18 pull bump key, nlock picking key that must bepulled from the lock one space position between impacts.3.1.19
19、 push bump key, nlock picking key that centersitself after each impact.3.1.20 rap, vto unlock a padlock shackle from its case bystriking the case in order to disengage the locking mechanism.3.1.21 removable cylinder, ncylinder that can be removedfrom a locking device by a key or tool, or both.3.1.22
20、 shackle, npart of a padlock that passes through anopening in an object or fits around an object and is ultimatelylocked into the case.3.1.23 shroud, nmaterial on a padlock body specificallyadded to protect the shackle from physical attack.3.1.24 tailpiece, nactuator attached to or part of the rear
21、ofthe cylinder.3.1.25 toe, npart of a padlock shackle that is normallyreleased from the case in the unlocked position.3.1.26 tumbler, nmovable obstruction of varying size andconfiguration in a lock or cylinder that makes direct contactwith the key or another tumbler and prevents an incorrect keyor t
22、orquing device from activating the lock or other mecha-nism.4. Classification of Functions4.1 Types of Padlocks:4.1.1 Type P01Key operated.4.1.2 Type P02Combination operated.4.2 GradesSix levels of performance are described in thisspecification with Grade 1 the lowest and Grade 6 the highest.4.3 Opt
23、ions:4.3.1 Option AKey is captive in cylinder when padlock isunlocked.4.3.2 Option BRemovable cylinder.4.3.3 Option CChangeable combination.4.3.4 Option DCombination operated with key control.4.3.5 Option ECorrosion resistant.4.3.6 Option FProvided with nonferrous shackles.4.3.7 Option GEnvironmenta
24、l resistant.5. General Requirements5.1 InferencesCylinder picking, impressioning, rapping,decoding, and shackle shimming are described in this specifi-cation. Since the skill of the person doing the testing has adirect bearing on the resulting times of the tests, one of eachtest shall be conducted b
25、y a minimum of three different personshaving experience of not less than three years of approximatelythe same skill level and the results averaged for determiningrelative levels of performance.5.2 Key bumping is a subjective test to be conducted usingbump keys designed for the lock or cylinder being
26、 tested andan impact device as outlined in Section 7.5.3 Tolerances:5.3.1 Fixture TolerancesAll tolerances shall follow stan-dard machining practices unless otherwise specified.5.3.2 Test Set up Tolerances:5.3.2.1 Force: 0.5 % of working range.5.3.2.2 Height: 63 mm (0.12 in.).5.3.2.3 Torque: 4.0 % o
27、f reading.5.3.2.4 Weight: 610 g (0.02 lbs).5.4 TemperatureAll tests shall be conducted between 16and 27C (61 and 81F).5.5 Test ReportsAll test reports shall be dated.6. Test Specimens6.1 Select specimens for test at random from the manufac-turers finished stock of each size and model being certified
28、 bythe manufacturer.6.2 Padlocks or cylinders are permitted to be used formultiple tests if previous tests would not influence subsequenttest results.6.3 Select four padlocks or cylinders for the forcing tests.For surreptitious entry tests, select five padlocks or cylindersfor each test required. Se
29、lect one padlock or cylinder for thecycle test.6.4 Each lock submitted for bump testing shall be suppliedwith seven cut keys that operate the lock.6.5 When appropriate, select one padlock for the salt spraytest (Option E) and three for the environmental tests (OptionG).7. Preparation of Apparatus7.1
30、 Tensile Loading DeviceProvide a tensile loading de-vice having a load and force measuring capacity of 44 500 N(10 000 lbf).7.2 Shock Impactor:7.2.1 Provide a fixture as illustrated in Fig. 1 which allowsthe weights described in (7.2.2) to be properly guided to strikethe anvil rod which will be plac
31、ed in direct contact with the topsurface of a padlock using the mounting block described in(7.2.3).7.2.2 Make a set of weights as shown in Fig. 1, with acentral hole in each that allows the weight selected to free falland strike the top surface of the anvil rod.F883 1327.2.3 Make a mounting block th
32、at will support the specimenon the mounting block when being subjected to the requiredshock load (see Table 1).7.3 Key Bumping:7.3.1 Each locksmith performing the test shall use two ofthe supplied keys to fabricate his own pull bump key and pushbump key.7.3.2 Both a pull bump key and a push bump key
33、 shall beused to test a lock or cylinder for bump resistance by each ofthree locksmiths.7.3.2.1 Atorque bar is permitted to be used if the test personprefers that method.7.3.2.2 A single impact cycle consists of having a bump keyfully inserted into the keyway and withdrawing it one cutFIG. 1 (Sheet
34、1) Shock Impactor (See Table 5 for Bill of Material)F883 133position for the pull type, inserting the key fully into thekeyway and then releasing it to allow the pins to center it forthe push type, impacting the end of the key to drive it fully intothe keyway while torque is applied. If the cylinder
35、 or lockoperates after the impact, it failed the test at that cycle and shallbe given the appropriate grade level for the last cycle that didnot accomplish operation. If it did not operate, a new cycleshall be achieved until the lock or cylinder reaches Grade 6.7.3.3 Provide various mounting blocks
36、for locks or cylin-ders as required by the test person if rigid mounting ispreferred.FIG. 2 (Sheet 2) Shock Impactor (See Table 5 for Bill of Material)F883 1347.3.4 The impact device shall be a non-metal instrumentwith a weight not to exceed 0.25 lb.TEST METHODS8. Forcing Tests (see Table 1)8.1 Tens
37、ile Test (Does not apply if test cannot be performed)(see 7.1)Support the locked padlock in a fixture bearingagainst the top surface of the case without interfering with theshackle or giving support through the top of the case to theshackle retaining mechanism. Apply the required force slowlyalong t
38、he vertical centerline of the padlock in a direct and equaltension on each leg of the shackle. Failure occurs if the padlockopens.8.2 Shock TestUsing the impactor (7.2) drop the weightthe required number of times on the top of the locked padlockcase. Failure occurs if the padlock opens.8.3 Plug Pull
39、ing TestDrill the keyway with a No. 20(0.161 in.) diameter drill and insert a Type AB No. 12 screw atleast 19 mm (0.75 in.) deep. Apply the required tension (7.1)axially between the case and the installed screw. Failure occursif the cylinder plug or cylinder assembly completely separatesfrom the cas
40、e, or if the padlock can be opened by manipulationwith a screwdriver at the conclusion of the test.NOTE 1Some cylinders are of a configuration such that a differentattachment may be needed in order to apply the required loads.8.4 Plug Torque Test:8.4.1 Install the padlock in a rigid fixture such as
41、a vise tosupport it firmly but not restrict free rotation of the plug in thecylinder.8.4.2 Insert a blade type tool into the keyway, so that atorque load can be applied to the plug. Failure occurs if thepadlock opens.8.5 Shackle Cutting Test (Does not apply if test cannot beperformed)Shackles shall
42、withstand cutting through when 2shearing blades made of a steel hardened to a minimumhardness of Rc 50, are used in conjunction with the bladepositioning holder, is placed in a tensile loading device (7.1)having a compression load capability and compressed with therequired force. See Fig. 4 for deta
43、ils. Failure occurs if theshackle is cut through. Padlocks specified with Option F arenot subject to 8.6.9. Surreptitious Entry Tests (see Table 2)9.1 Picking or Manipulating Test:9.1.1 Cylinders in padlocks shall resist picking (see 5.1) forthe required time. Combination padlocks shall resist manua
44、lmanipulation (see 5.1) for the required time.FIG. 3 (Sheet 3) Shock Impactor (See Table 5 for Bill of Material)TABLE 1 Forcing Tests Required ValuesForcing Tests UnitsGrades1 (F1) 2 (F2) 3 (F3) 4 (F4) 5 (F5) 6 (F6)Tensile Force newtons 1000 2500 5000 9000 20 000 40 000(lbf) (225) (560) (1125) (2000
45、) 4500) (9000)Shock test blows 5 5 5 5 5 5Shock test weights kilograms 1 2 3 4 5 6(lbs) (2.2) (4.4) (6.6) (8.8) (11.0) (13.2)Shock test heights meters 1 1 1 1 1 1(in.) (39.4) (39.4) (39.4) (39.4) (39.4) (39.4)Plug pull test newtons 1000 1500 2000 3000 6000 12 000(lbf) (225) (337) (450) (675) (1350)
46、(2700)Plug torque test newton-meters 10 15 20 25 30 35(lbf-in.) (89) (133) (177) (221) (266) (310)Shackle cutting newtons 4450 9000 13 500 18 000 31 000 45 000force test (lbf) (1000) (2000) (3000) (4000) (7000) (10 000)F883 1359.1.2 Cylinders or padlocks submitted for test containingpin tumblers sha
47、ll be loaded using one each of the three or fourmid-range bittings available unless such a combination wouldnot normally be supplied as a stock product. Cylinders inpadlocks containing other tumbler elements shall be loadedusing maximum ranges. If lock design and cylinders used arethe same in severa
48、l different sizes of padlocks submitted fortesting, only a total of five samples of any size or sizes need tobe tested.9.1.3 The tools used for this test shall be manual manipu-lating tools required by the operator, providing no visiblemarks are left detectable by the unaided eye.NOTE 1Item No. 1 ma
49、y be made as a multi-piece part that could be assembled by either bolt or weld construction.FIG. 4 (Sheet 1) Shackle Cutting Fixture and Blades (See Table 6 for Bill of Material)TABLE 2 Surreptitious Entry Tests Required ValuesSurreptitious Entry TestsGrades1 (S1) 2 (S2) 3 (S3) 4 (S4) 5 (S5) 6 (S6)Picking or Manipulation, min12 124815Bump Key Attack, min 212 5712 10 1212 15Impressioning or Decoding min N/A N/A 2 4 8 15Shackle Shimming Test min12 124815Drilling and Shimming min N/A N/A N/A 4 8 15Rapping min N/A N/A 2 4 8
