1、Designation: F2277 17F2277 17a An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forEvaluating Design and Performance Characteristics ofSelectorized Strength Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2277; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year ofor
2、iginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of these test methods is to provide reliable and rep
3、eatable methods for the evaluation ofselectorized strength equipment. Users of these machines must recognize, however, that conformanceto a standard will not necessarily prevent injuries. Certain physical conditions or limitations maypreclude some persons from using this equipment as intended by the
4、 manufacturer, and using thisequipment may increase the risk of injury.1. Scope1.1 These test methods specify procedures and apparatus used for testing and evaluating selectorized strength equipment forcompliance to Specification F2216. Both design and operational parameters will be evaluated. Where
5、 possible and applicable,accepted test methods from other recognized bodies will be used and referenced.1.2 RequirementsSelectorized strength equipment is to be tested in accordance with these test methods orTest Methods F2571for all of the following parameters:1.2.1 Stability,1.2.2 Edge and corner
6、sharpness,1.2.3 Tube ends,1.2.4 Weight stack travel,1.2.5 Weight stack selector pin retention,1.2.6 Function of adjustments and locking mechanisms,1.2.7 Handgrip design and retention,1.2.8 Assist mechanisms,1.2.9 Foot supports,1.2.10 Rope and belt systems:1.2.10.1 Static load,1.2.10.2 End fitting de
7、sign,1.2.11 Chain drive design,1.2.12 Pulley design:1.2.12.1 Rope pulley design,1.2.12.2 Belt pulley design,1.2.13 Entrapment zones,1.2.14 Pull in points,1.2.15 Weight stack enclosure design,1.2.16 Loading and deflection:1.2.16.1 Intrinsic loading and associated deflection,1.2.16.2 Extrinsic loading
8、 and associated deflection,1.2.16.3 Endurance loading,1.2.17 Documentation and warnings verification, and1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Prod
9、ucts.Current edition approved May 15, 2017Dec. 1, 2017. Published August 2017January 2018. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20122017 asF2277 12.F2277 17. DOI: 10.1520/F2277-17.10.1520/F2277-17A.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the us
10、er of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard a
11、s published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.2.18 Additional universal design and construction requirements.1.3 This test method2 contains additional requirements to a
12、ddress the accessibility of the equipment for persons with disabilities.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use.
13、It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized pri
14、nciples on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3F1749 Specification for Fitness
15、Equipment and Fitness Facility Safety Signage and LabelsF2216 Specification for Selectorized Strength EquipmentF2276 Specification for Fitness EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Fitness EquipmentF3022 Test Method for Evaluating the Universal Design o
16、f Fitness Equipment for Inclusive Use by Persons with FunctionalLimitations and Impairments3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 normal operation, nthe operation of the selectorized strength equipment as defined by the manufacturer.4. Significance and Use4.1 The purp
17、ose of these test methods is to provide valid and repeatable test methods for the evaluation of selectorized strengthequipment assembled and maintained according to the manufacturers specifications. Use of these test methods in conjunction withSpecification F2216 is intended to maximize the reliabil
18、ity of selectorized strength equipment design and reduce the risk of seriousinjury resulting from design deficiencies.5. Sample Preparation5.1 Assemble and adjust the selectorized strength equipment according to the manufacturers instructions. Remove upholsteredpads from the sample. On machines that
19、 are fully assembled, verify according to the manufacturers instructions that allcomponents are functioning and that they have been adjusted and aligned properly. Unless otherwise stated, the machine must passthe tests without adjustment from this initial condition. Selectorized strength equipment s
20、hall be provided with the largest weightstack offered by the manufacturer for the model to be tested.5.2 The individual test methods will describe any variations or modifications that are required to the test sample.6. Test Methods and Procedures6.1 Stability:6.1.1 Selectorized strength equipment sh
21、all be tested with and without the simulated user load in the orientation that is mostobviously unstable. If the orientation that is most obviously unstable is not clear, it may be necessary to test several orientations.6.1.2 Apparatus and Set-UpRefer to Fig. 1. Place sample on a non-skid surface in
22、clined at 10 in the orientation that is leaststable.The sample shall rest on the supporting surface without anchoring unless the installation instructions for the machine requirethat the sample be anchored to the floor. If this is the case, then anchor the specimen per the manufacturers recommendati
23、ons.Determine how the user is placed on the machine to perform the exercise (that is, seating, standing, or prone) and then determinehow the users body weight is distributed onto the user support surfaces. For the simulated use test, a method of applying a steadystate load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) s
24、imulating the users weight and its distribution in the vertical direction at the point(s) of usercontact must be provided. As an example, for a seated user, the user support surface shall be adjusted to the uppermost position(if adjustable) and the center of gravity of the 100 kg (220 lb) load shall
25、 be positioned approximately 300 mm (12 in.) above theuser support surface. Possible methods of providing this load include, but are not limited to, pneumatic cylinder(s) or dead weights.6.1.3 CalibrationUsing an angle measuring instrument accurate to within 0.1, verify the non-skid surface is 10 6
26、0.5.Calibrate the load measurement apparatus to confirm accuracy to within 620 N (4.5 lb) over entire 981 N (220 lb) range.2 This work was funded, in part, by the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center on RecTech through the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, andRehabilitation
27、 Research grant #90RE5009-01-00.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.F2277 17a26.1.4 ProcedureTest
28、 the sample as follows:6.1.4.1 With the sample machine (no user load applied) positioned on the tilt surface, verify that the sample does not tip overwith the resistance means in the rest position.6.1.4.2 Using the aforementioned load apparatus, distribute a vertical load equal to 100 kg (220 lb) 6
29、5 % in a non-impactmanner to the specimen where the user contacts the machine during normal operation. (If only a portion of the users body issupported by the machine during operation, the 100 kg (220 lb) simulated user weight shall be reduced by the appropriate amount.)Raise and support the lifting
30、 arms and weight stack to simulate the furthest point in the range of travel as encountered duringnormal operation of the machine by a user of 1.8 m (74 in.) stature. Verify that the sample does not tip over.6.1.4.3 Repeat 6.1.4.1 and 6.1.4.2 with the sample oriented in any other directions of poten
31、tial instability.6.1.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaIn none of the above test conditions shall the sample tip over.6.1.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test 6.1 for measuring stability sincethe test result is non-quantitative.6.2 Weight Stack Travel:6.2.1 Th
32、is test is a visual inspection of the sample to ensure that the weight stack travels freely along its guide means and returnsto its initial position after the displacing force has been removed.6.2.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 5.1.6.2.3 CalibrationNo calibration re
33、quired. Visual inspection only.6.2.4 ProcedureMove the lifting arm through its range of travel and verify that the weight stack moves along a guide meansin a controlled manner and returns to its initial position as the lifting arm is returned to its initial rest position.6.2.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaThe
34、weight stack must begin and end the test in the same rest position and must not move unless itis displaced intentionally by a lifting force applied to the lifting arm.6.2.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 6.2 for evaluating weightstack trav
35、el since the test result is non-quantitative.6.3 Weight Stack Selector Pin Retention:6.3.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the weight stack selector pin to ensure that the design features a retentiondevice and that it functions properly.FIG. 1 Tilt TestF2277 17a36.3.2 Apparatus and
36、Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 5.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explanationof the function of the weight stack selector pin from the manufacturer.6.3.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual and function inspection only.6.3.4 ProcedureInspect the weight stack selector
37、pin and ensure that it features a retention device that will not allow the pinto be removed from the weight stack unless it is intentionally removed. Examples of retention devices include, but are not limitedto, spring activated detent balls or a physical deformation of the pin and comparable retent
38、ion zone on the weight plate. Theoperation of the retention system shall be self-evident. Insert the weight stack selector pin into a weight on the weight stack andverify that the retention mechanism functions properly.6.3.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaWeight stack selector pins that do not have a retention m
39、eans shall fail this test. Retention mechanismsthat do not function according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer shall fail this test.6.3.6 Precision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 6.3 for evaluating weightstack selector pin design and
40、 function since the test result is non-quantitative.6.4 Entrance/Exit from Machine:6.4.1 This test is a visual and physical inspection of the machine to determine whether or not an assist means is required andthen ensure that the design functions properly.6.4.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall b
41、e set up as described in 5.1. Reinstall the upholstered pads for this test. Obtaininstructions or a descriptive explanation of the function of the assist mechanism(s) used on the sample from the manufacturer.6.4.3 CalibrationNo calibration required. Visual and function inspection only.6.4.4 Procedur
42、eAdjust the machine for the evaluators size according to the manufacturers instructions. The evaluator shallenter the machine and attempt to get into the exercise start position as described in the operation instructions provided by themanufacturer. The evaluator shall be able to get into and back o
43、ut of the starting position with relative ease. If the lifting or usermeans cannot be reached by the evaluator or if the evaluator cannot get into the starting position easily, then further adjustmentof the machine may be required. If this is not the case (the machine is properly adjusted per the op
44、eration instructions for the givenbody size of the evaluator), then an assist means that moves the lifting or user means into the direction of lifting stroke must beprovided.6.4.4.1 If an assist means is provided, then operate the mechanism and ensure that it performs as described in the operationin
45、structions. Upon actuation of the assist means, the lifting or user means shall move into the direction of machine motion allowingthe user to get into the loaded exercise start position. Upon completion of the exercise and return of the lifting or user means tothe rest position, actuation of the ass
46、ist means shall stop the lifting or user means prior to reaching the unloaded rest position,thereby allowing the user to exit from the loaded use position.6.4.5 Pass/Fail CriteriaMachines that do not allow the user to enter or exit the machine easily shall fail the test. Assistmechanisms that do not
47、 function according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer shall fail test.Assist mechanisms thatdo not stop the lifting or user means far enough into the lifting stroke to allow the user to control and/or stop the final return travelof the lifting or user means shall fail the test.6.4.6 P
48、recision and BiasNo information is presented about either the precision or bias of test in 6.4 for evaluating assistmechanism design and function since the test result is non-quantitative.6.5 Belt or Rope System Design and Load Testing:6.5.1 This test is a visual, physical, and functional inspection
49、 of the cables, belts, or ropes and their end fittings and attachmentmeans used on the sample to route the load from the resistance means to the user means to ensure that the design functions asintended and meets the parameters of Specification F2216.6.5.2 Apparatus and Set UpThe sample shall be set up as described in 5.1. Obtain instructions or a descriptive explanationof the function of the specimen from the manufacturer. Three cable, belt, or rope specimens measuring 150 mm (5.9 in.) replicatingthe system installed on sample including thei
