1、Designation: F 2321 05Standard Specification forFlexible Insulated Temporary By-Pass Jumpers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2321; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A n
2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These specifications cover the manufacture and testingof flexible insulated temporary bypass jumpers (bypass jump-ers) used on energize
3、d power lines and equipment.1.2 It is common practice for the user of this protectiveequipment to prepare complete instructions and safety regula-tions to govern in detail the correct and safe use of suchequipment. Also see 4.2.1.3 The use and maintenance of this equipment are beyondthe scope of the
4、se specifications.1.4 These specifications for a system of bypass jumpers iscovered in four parts as follows:Title SectionsClamps for Bypass Jumpers 5-17Ferrules for Bypass Jumpers 18-31Cable for Bypass Jumpers 32-40Bypass Jumpers (complete assemblywith clamps, ferrules, and cable)41-551.5 Each of t
5、he four parts is an entity of itself, but is listedas a part of the system for completeness and clarification.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. See ASTM SI 10.1.7 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions, Sections 13, 26, 48, and
6、55 of thesespecifications. This standard does not purport to address all ofthe safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prio
7、r to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B33 Specification for Tinned Soft Annealed Copper Wirefor Electrical PurposesB 172 Specification for Rope-Lay-Stranded Copper Con-ductors Having Bunch-Stranded Members, for ElectricConductorsB 173 Specification for Rope-Lay-Stranded Copper Con-duct
8、ors Having Concentric-Stranded Members, for Elec-trical ConductorsD 2768 Specification for General-Purpose Ethylene-Propylene Rubber Jacket for Wire and CableD 2770 Specification for Ozone-Resisting Ethylene-Propylene Rubber Integral Insulation and Jacket for Wireand CableD 2802 Specification for Oz
9、one-Resistant Ehtylene-AlkenePolymer Insulation for Wire and CableD 2865 Practice for Calibration of Standards and Equip-ment for Electrical Insulating Materials TestingE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsF 819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equip-ment for Workers
10、SI 10 Practice for Use of the International System of Units(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)2.2 ANSI Standard:3ANSI C39.5 Safety Requirements for Electrical and Elec-tronic Measuring and Controlling InstrumentsANSI C84.1 Voltage Ratings for Electric Power Systemsand Equipment (60 Hz)ANSI C119.4 Am
11、erican National Standard for ElectricalConnectors2.3 NEMA Standard:4WC 8 Ethylene-Propylene-Rubber Insulated Wire andCable for the Transmission and Distribution of ElectricalEnergy (formerly ICEA S-68-516)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 flexible insulated temporary bypass jumpersdevicesdesigned
12、and used to keep electric supply circuits effectivelycontinuous (electrically bridged) for short periods of time at1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 onElectrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F18.45 on Mechanical Eq
13、uipment.Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 232103.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandard
14、s volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.4Available from National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300N. 17th St., Suite 1847, Rosslyn,
15、 VA 22209.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.work locations when conductors or equipment may otherwisebe opened or made electrically discontinuous during workoperations.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe devices are normally installe
16、d,used, and removed as part of a protective insulating systemcomposed of insulating covers and/or observances of requiredminimum safe approach distances for workers.3.1.2 voltage, normal designa nominal value consistentwith the latest revision of ANSI C84.1, assigned to the circuitor system for the
17、purpose of conveniently designating itsvoltage class.3.1.3 voltage, maximum usethe ac voltage (rms) classifi-cation of the protective equipment that designates the maxi-mum nominal design voltage of the energized system that maybe safely worked. The nominal design voltage is equal tophase-to-phase v
18、oltage on multiphase circuits.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIf there is no multiphase exposure in asystem area, and the voltage exposure is limited to phase(polarity on dc systems) to ground potential, the phase (polarityon dc systems) to ground potential shall be considered to be thenominal design voltage.3.1.
19、3.2 DiscussionIf electrical equipment and devices areinsulated or isolated, or both, such that the multiphase exposureon a grounded wye circuit is removed, then the nominal designvoltage may be considered as the phase-to-ground voltage onthat circuit.NOTE 1The work practices and methods associated w
20、ith removingmultiphase exposures at any given work site are not addressed in thisspecification.3.2 For definitions of other terms, refer to TerminologyF 819.4. Significance and Use4.1 These specifications cover the minimum electrical andphysical properties designated by the manufacturer and thedetai
21、led procedures by which such properties are to be deter-mined. The purchaser may at his option perform or haveperformed any of these tests in order to verify the manufactur-ers designation. Claims for failure to meet the specification aresubject to verification by the manufacturer.4.2 Bypass jumpers
22、 are devices designed and used to keepelectrical circuits effectively continuous (electrically bridged)for short periods of time at work locations when conductors orequipment may otherwise be opened or made discontinuousduring work operations. Bypass jumpers are insulated totemporarily protect perso
23、nnel from brush or accidental contactonly; therefore, when authorizing their use, a margin of safetyshould be provided between the maximum voltage used on,and the proof-test voltage at which they are tested. Therelationship between proof-test voltage and the maximumvoltage at which bypass jumpers ar
24、e used is shown in Table 1.WarningPortions of these devices (clamps and ferrules) arenot insulated and offer no protection from accidental contact.CLAMPS FOR BYPASS JUMPERS5. Scope5.1 This specification covers clamps used in the assembly ofbypass jumpers.6. Classification6.1 Clamps are furnished in,
25、 but not limited to, two stylesaccording to their function and method of installation.6.1.1 Style IClamps equipped with insulated handles forinstallation on energized conductors with rubber gloves. SeeFig. 1.6.1.1.1 Insulated handles may be either clear or opaque.6.1.1.2 Insulating materials used in
26、 this specification in-clude thermo-set plastic, elastomers, elastomer compounds,thermoplastic polymers or any combination, regardless oforigin.6.1.2 Style IIClamps equipped with provisions for instal-lation on energized conductors with live line tools. See Figs.2-4.6.1.2.1 Clamps are furnished acco
27、rding to mechanicalstrength and current rating. See Table 2.6.2 Clamps are furnished in two classes according to thecharacteristics of the main contact jaws.6.2.1 Class AClamp jaws with smooth contact surfaces.6.2.2 Class BClamp jaws with serrations, crosshatchingor other means intended to abrade or
28、 bite through corrosionproducts on the surface of the conductor being clamped.7. Sizes7.1 Clamp size is the combination of the main contact andcable size ranges as listed by the manufacturers.8. Ordering Information8.1 Orders for clamps under this specification shall includethis ASTM designation and
29、 the following information:8.1.1 Quantity,TABLE 1 Proof Test/Use Voltage RelationshipVoltageRatingMaximumUse Voltage(rms) VAC ProofTest Voltage(rms) VDC ProofTest Voltage(avg) V15 kV 15 000 20 000 50 00025 kV 25 000 30 000 60 00035 kV 35 000 40 000 70 000FIG.1StyleIClampF23210528.1.2 Name (Bypass Ju
30、mper Clamp),8.1.3 Main contact size ranges, conductor descriptions, andtype of materials which are to be clamped,8.1.4 Cable size, material, and description by which clampsare to be assembled,8.1.5 Style (see 6.1),8.1.6 Class (see 6.2), and8.1.7 Clamps for bypass jumpers, at the customers request,sh
31、all meet ANSI C119.4.9. Materials9.1 Current carrying parts of copper base or aluminum basealloy shall meet the material properties shown in Table 3 and inaccordance with Test Methods E8.10. Electrical and Mechanical Properties10.1 Materials used shall meet the requirements of 9.1.10.2 Electrical an
32、d mechanical properties shall conform tothe requirements prescribed in Tables 1-3 and with the follow-ing:NOTE 2Style II clamps are uninsulated and do not require conform-ance with the electrical requirements of Table 1.10.2.1 Clamps shall accept hand assembly of all cablesfitted with compatible fer
33、rules as rated per Table 2.10.2.2 Main contacts shall accept and clamp all conductorsaccording to the manufacturers recommendation.10.2.3 Style II clamps shall have the following properties:10.2.3.1 In the event the clamp is over-torqued duringinstallation, normal fracture shall be such that the att
34、achedcable remains under control by being retained with the live linetool. Clamps with an ultimate torque strength exceeding 45N-m (400 lbf in.) are exempt from this provision.10.2.3.2 Cable termination shall include a cable support orshall be made to accept a cable supporting ferrule compatiblewith
35、 the clamp. This support shall secure the entire cable overthe jacket and is provided in addition to the electrical connec-tion to the strand.10.2.3.3 Clamps shall be compatible with clamp sticks andshall fit securely inside the 13 mm (12-in.) wide slot in the headof the stick.10.2.4 Main contacts s
36、hall accept and clamp all conductorsor structural members in accordance with the manufacturersrating.FIG. 2 Style II “C” Shape ClampFIG. 3 Style II “C” Shape ClampFIG. 4 Style II Duck Bill Shape ClampTABLE 2 Clamp Torque Strength, minStyle II ClampsCableSizeContinuousCurrentYieldAUltimate(AWG) A, rm
37、s, 60 Hz N-m (lbf in.) N-m (lbf in.)#2 200A 32 (280) 37 (330)1/0 250A 32 (280) 37 (330)2/0 300A 32 (280) 37 (330)4/0 400A 37 (330) 45 (400)AYield shall mean no permanent deformation such that the clamp cannot bereused throughout its entire range of application.TABLE 3 Material PropertiesCopper Base
38、Alloy Aluminum Base AlloyTensile Strength, min. 207 Mpa (30 000 psi) 207 Mpa (30 000 psi)Yield Strength, min. 90 Mpa (13 000 psi) 138 Mpa (20 000 psi)Elongation, min 6 % 3 %F232105311. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance11.1 Components shall be free of structural porosity, fins,sharp edges, splits,
39、cracks and other defects that affect handlingor performance.11.2 All parts shall be formed, machined, and assembledwith sufficient accuracy for smooth operation by hand, andshall be free of excessive looseness to the extent detrimental torepeated applications at the recommended installing torque.11.
40、3 ClassA(smooth jaw) clamps shall have smooth contactsurfaces free of burrs, fins, or other protuberances that wouldimpair performance.11.4 Class B (serrated jaw) clamps shall have longitudinallylevel surface, that, with clamp movement as specified by themanufacturer, will provide a cleaning effect
41、on the surface ofthe conductor.11.5 Slag grinding marks, depressions, and other surfaceirregularities that do not affect strength, performance, orhandling are not cause for rejection.12. Sampling12.1 A product model represents a manufacturers designspecification standard according to which the produ
42、ction lot ismanufactured.12.2 A production lot shall consist of all clamps of oneproduction model produced at one time.12.3 A test sample shall consist of two specimens for eachdifferent test specified. Specimens are selected at random andshall pass the inspection requirements of Section 14. When af
43、ailure occurs in one specimen from the first sample, a secondsample from the same lot shall be selected and tested. If thesecond sample (two specimens) passes, the lot shall be ac-cepted. If one specimen from the second sample fails, the lotshall be rejected.13. Design Tests13.1 The design tests tha
44、t follow shall be made on testsamples of each product model to verify that the requirementsof this specification are met.13.2 Mechanical Torque Strength:13.2.1 Install the clamp on the main conductor of theminimum and maximum size for which the clamp is rated andapply torsion force to the main screw
45、. Force may be applied toother devices designed to secure the clamp on the conductor.13.2.2 Measure torque by a torque wrench that indicatestorque directly or by other manner easily convertible.13.2.3 The main conductor is defined as the material(s) onwhich the clamp is rated to be used.13.2.4 Yield
46、 and ultimate strength shall equal or exceed thevalues shown in Table 2.13.3 Continuous Current Rating:13.3.1 Test the clamp at the continuous current level forwhich it is rated. The temperature shall be measured at thewarmest spot on clamp and on the metal strand at the midpointof an attached cable
47、, which is a minimum of 1.5 m (5 ft.) inlength. The maximum temperature of the clamp shall be lowerthan the midpoint temperature of the maximum size coppermain or tap cable for which the clamp is rated.14. Inspection and Product Testing14.1 The clamps shall be inspected and tested as follows:14.1.1
48、Verification of the main contact and cable capacitiesare in accordance with 10.2.2 and 10.2.3.14.1.2 Visual inspection and hand operation shall be done toverify workmanship, finish, and appearance, which shall be inaccordance with Section 11.14.1.3 Torque test on a test sample shall be in accordance
49、with 13.2.15. Acceptance, Rejection and Rehearing15.1 At the option of the purchaser, a production lot may besubjected to the following:15.1.1 Inspection in accordance with 14.1 for operation,main contact range, workmanship, and appearance. Individualclamps that do not conform may be rejected.15.2 Material that fails to conform to the requirements ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejection should be reportedto the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case ofdissatisfaction with the results of the test, the producer orsupplier may make claim for a r
