1、Designation: F 2589 06Standard Specification forOrnamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification establishes the minimum require-ments for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systemsfabricated from black (
3、that is, not galvanized) steel compo-nents.1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply tovertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought ironmaterials.1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The SI values in brackets are provided forinformatio
4、n.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and SeamlessCarbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and ShapesA 501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and SeamlessCarbon Steel Structural TubingB117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD 714 Test
5、Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD 523 Test Method for Specular GlossD 822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-sures of Paint and Related CoatingsD 1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or CoatedSpecimens Subjected to Corrosive EnvironmentsD 2244 Practice for Calc
6、ulation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesD 2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings tothe Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machine
7、s3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 adhesionthe bonding integrity of an organic coatingto the base metal substrate.3.1.2 corrosion resistancethe ability of an organicallycoated metal product to resist attack due to the base metalattempting to return to a more pass
8、ive oxidized state.3.1.3 fence panelfabricated unit consisting of rails andpickets. Also referred to as a fence section.3.1.4 impact resistancethe measure of an organicallycoated metal product to resist indention; the ability of a coatingto resist cracking or loss of adhesion due to reforming the me
9、talduring bending or a shape change from abuse.3.1.5 ornamental accessoryany fitting that adds furtherdecoration to an ornamental metal fence system includingitems such as finials, caps, picket collars, rings, scrolls, or otherornamental panel inserts.3.1.6 postvertical fence structural component th
10、at sup-ports the panel in the ornamental metal fence system.3.1.7 railhorizontal structural component of a fencepanel.3.1.8 tubular pickethollow vertical ornamental compo-nent of a fence panel.3.1.9 tubular picket ornamental metal fence systemanarchitectural metal fence system that combines ornament
11、alfence structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails, andposts) with ornamental accessories and fasteners, assembledand evaluated as a complete installed structure.3.1.10 weathering resistancethe ability of an organicallycoated metal product to resist loss of coating gloss or colorchange d
12、ue to excessive humidity or ultra-violet (UV) sunlightexposure.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steel material for tubular picket ornamental fence sys-tem structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails andposts) shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationsA 500 or A 501 and shall have
13、a minimum yield strength of45 000 psi 310 MPa.4.2 Organic Coating Materials4.2.1 Powder coatings applied to the exterior surface offence components shall be polymer material: polyester orepoxy and polyester combinations having a minimum thick-ness of 3 mils; polyolefin elastomer having a minimumthic
14、kness of 7 mils; or PVC having a minimum thickness of 10mils.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 onFencing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.35 on ArchitecturalMetal Fence Systems.Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006.2For refer
15、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
16、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.2.2 Wet coating applied to the exterior surface of fencecomponents shall be a two-coat paint application system (onecoat of epoxy, polyester, or polyurethane primer; one coat ofpolyester, polyurethane, or acrylic liquid) with the total com-bined coating
17、having a minimum thickness of 2 mils.4.3 Fittings, fasteners, and decorative accessories for orna-mental steel fence systems shall be manufactured with amaterial and finish coating that meets the same protectivecoating performance requirements as required for panels andposts.5. Physical Dimensions5.
18、1 Cross-section and thickness dimensional requirementsfor ornamental metal fence structural components shall be asspecified by the manufacturer, provided that the performancecriteria of Section 7 are met. Table 1 is provided as a guidelineto show nominal values typically used for residential, lighti
19、ndustrial (commercial), and industrial applications.5.2 Fence height and space between rails may vary inaccordance with manufacturers standards, provided local or-dinances and building codes do not limit these dimensions fora specific application, such as might be the case for pool safety,gate safet
20、y, or structural wind load bearing capacity. Nosharply pointed picket tops shall be used on fences less than 4ft 1.22 m in height.NOTE 1Fence height is a nominal value and is typically the distancefrom grade to the top of the fence.5.3 The spacing between pickets shall be 4 in. 101.6 mmor less; howe
21、ver, if applicable local regulations (such as maybe applied to pool fencing, child care facility fencing, publicrailing systems, or fencing adjacent to automated gates, etc.)have more restrictive spacing requirements, then those localregulations shall govern.6. Workmanship6.1 All ornamental metal fe
22、nce system components shall beproduced using materials and finishes specified in Section 4,and shall be free from defects in workmanship.7. Testing Structural7.1 Structural Test Method A Application of HorizontalConcentrated Load7.1.1 Installation of Test SpecimenOne line of fence witha minimum of t
23、hree panels of the fence system to be testedshall be installed in accordance with the manufacturers speci-fications and drawings. Selection of the test specimen shouldconsider the maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified(see Section 10).7.1.2 Apparatus7.1.2.1 Testing MachineAny testing mach
24、ine or loadingdevice, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitableand may be used, provided the requirements of specified rate ofloading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be ofsufficient capacity to prevent yielding of i
25、ts various compo-nents and shall ensure that the applied load remains essentiallyparallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.7.1.2.2 Test SystemA diagrammatic test set-up for apply-ing horizontal tension forces to the assembly is shown in Fig.1. The bearing plate, normally 6-in. 150
26、-mm long, shall be ofsufficient size to prevent local failure of the surroundingstructural members or components. The loading device shall beattached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivelconnector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forcesthrough the connection.7.1.2.3 Deflection M
27、easurementsDial gauges, having asmallest division of not more than 0.01 in. 0.25 mm, or anysuitable measurement devices or calibrated sensors of at leastcomparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measurethe horizontal displacements of the top rail relative to itsoriginal location at each l
28、oading point prior to load application.These devices shall have sufficient measurement capability toindicate the displacement throughout the test range.7.1.3 Procedure7.1.3.1 PositioningPosition the test stand in such a waythat the load is applied, as shown in Fig. 1, to the structuralmember perpend
29、icular to the plane of the fence system withoutcausing any local failure at the point of load application.7.1.3.2 Mounting of InstrumentsMount the dial gauge,measurement device, or sensor at the loading point as is shownin Fig. 1. Place the sensing element of the instrument in contactwith and normal
30、 to the surface or an extension of the surface ofthe top rail of the fence system being tested in such a way asto measure displacement in the direction of the applied load.7.1.4 Load Application7.1.4.1 Initial Load ApplicationApply an initial load cor-responding to 50 % of the required test load (se
31、e Table 2) fora minimum of two minutes in order to bring all members intofull bearing. Reduce load to 25 % of the required test load(50 % of the preload), and observe the initial deflection. TheTABLE 1 Nominal Sizes for Ornamental Fence Structural ComponentsApplication Component Typical Cross-Sectio
32、n Wall ThicknessResidentialPicket58 in. by58 in. 15.9 mm by 15.9 mm 18 Ga.Rail 1 in. by 1 in. 25.4 mm by 25.4 mm 18 Ga.Post 2 in. by 2 in. 50.8 mm by 50.8 mm 16 Ga.Light Industrial(Commercial)Picket34 in. by34 in. 19.0 mm by 19.0 mm 16 Ga.Rail 138 in. by 112 in. 44.4 mm by 38.1 mm or 112 in. by 112
33、in. 38.1 mm by 38.1 mm 14 Ga.Post 212 in. by 212 in. 63.5 mm by 63.5 mm 14 Ga.IndustrialPicket 1 in. by 1 in. 25.4 mm by 25.4 mm 16 Ga.Rail 138 in. by 112 in. 44.4 mm by 38.1 mm or 112 in. by 112 in. 38.1 mm by 38.1 mm 14 Ga.Post 3 in. by 3 in. 76.2 mm by 76.2 mm 12 Ga.F2589062deflection at this ini
34、tial test load shall be the base point forsubsequent deflection readings.7.1.4.2 Step Load ApplicationDuring constant-level steploading up to the required test load, each increment of loadshall amount to not more than 15 % of the required test load.After each step load is applied, it shall be releas
35、ed to the initialtest load and the residual deflection shall be observed. Plot theinitial and incremental readings of the force and deflectiongauges at each load point in the form of load-deformationcurves.7.1.4.3 Rate of LoadingThe rate of loading betweenincrements shall be uniform throughout the t
36、est and such thatthe load is applied at a constant rate of deformation of 0.20 60.10 in. 5.0 6 2.5 mm per minute. If this rate of loadingcannot be achieved because of the type of testing machine usedor the equipment available, the rate of loading shall be as nearto that required in this subsection.7
37、.2 Structural Test Method BApplication of Vertical Con-centrated Load7.2.1 Installation of Test SpecimenA minimum of onepanel of the fence system to be tested shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers specifications and draw-ings. Selection of the test specimen should consider themaximu
38、m range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Section10). The bottom of the fence panel shall be elevated by anoffset distance of approximately 12 in. 305 mm to allow fordownward elastic deformation during test load application.7.2.2 Apparatus7.2.2.1 Testing MachineAny testing machine or loadingd
39、evice, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitableand may be used, provided the requirements of specified rate ofloading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be ofsufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various comp
40、o-nents and shall ensure that the applied load remains essentiallyparallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.7.2.2.2 Test SystemA diagrammatic test set-up for apply-ing vertical forces to the assembly is shown in Fig. 2. Thebearing plate, normally 4-in. 101.6-mm long, shall be ofsu
41、fficient size to prevent local failure of the surroundingstructural members or components. The bearing plate shall bepositioned flush to the top rail and shall have a hole at its centersufficiently sized to fit over a picket if the style being tested haspickets that extend above the top rail. The lo
42、ading device shallbe attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivelFIG. 1 Test Set-Up for Application of Horizontal Concentrated LoadTABLE 2 Required Test Load CapabilitiesClassRequired TestLoad - Method A(Based on ResidualDeflection Less Than12 in. 12.7 mmRequired TestLoad - Method B(Based o
43、n ResidualDeflection Less Than12 in. 12.7 mmRequired TestLoad - Method C(Based on ResidualDeflection Less Than14 in. 6.4 mmRequired TestLoad - Method D(Based on ResidualDeflection Less Than14 in. 6.4 mmAIndustrial 300 lbf 1330 N 400 lbf 1780 N 100 lbf 440 N 100 lbf 440 NCommercial 200 lbf 890 N 300
44、lbf 1330 N 75 lbf 330 N 75 lbf 330 NResidential 100 lbf 440 N 200 lbf 890 N 50 lbf 220 N 50 lbf 220 NACapability also requires that the test cone never penetrates beyond the tapered portion during any step load increment including the required test load.F2589063connector to prevent the direct transf
45、er of any flexural forcesthrough the connection.7.2.2.3 Deflection MeasurementsOne dial gauge, having asmallest division of not more than 0.01 in. 0.25 mm, or anysuitable measurement device or calibrated sensor of at leastcomparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measurethe vertical displ
46、acements of the top rail relative to the originallocation at the loading point after release of the preload.7.2.3 Procedure7.2.3.1 PositioningPosition the test frame (or moveablehead of testing machine) in such a way that the load is applied,as shown in Fig. 2, to the structural member parallel to t
47、heplane of the fence system and normal to it without causing anylocal failure at the point of load application.7.2.3.2 Mounting of InstrumentsMount the dial gauge,measurement device, or sensor at each loading point as isshown in Fig. 2. Place the sensing element of the instrumentsin contact with the
48、 surface or an extension of the surface of thetop rail of the fence panel being tested in such a way as tomeasure displacement in the direction of the applied load.7.2.4 Load ApplicationInitial load application, step loadapplication, and rate of loading shall be in accordance with7.1.4.7.3 Structura
49、l Test Method C Application of HorizontalThrust Load to Infill Areas7.3.1 Installation of Test SpecimenA minimum of onepanel of the fence system to be tested shall be installed inaccordance with the manufacturers specifications and draw-ings. Selection of the test specimen should consider themaximum range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Section10). Test specimens used for Test Methods A or B may be usedagain to perform Test Method C, provided the pic
