1、Designation: F 2663 07aStandard Test Method forBead Unseating of Tubeless Tires for Motor Vehicles withGVWR of 4536 kg (10 000 lb) or Less1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2663; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the ca
2、se of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the static non-rolling laboratorymethod of determination of a tub
3、eless tires resistance to beadunseating. The test requires the use of a standardized fixtureand load machine. The test is conducted using a defined testpressure and method of determining the resultant force tounseat the tire from the rim.1.2 This test method is applicable for all passenger, lighttru
4、ck, and temporary spare tires used on motor vehicles with4536 kg (10 000 lb) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) orless.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5、safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 538 Terminology Relating t
6、o the Characteristics and Per-formance of TiresF 1502 Test Method for Static Measurements on Tires forPassenger Cars, Light Trucks, and Medium Duty Vehicles3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bead, of a tire, npart of a tire that comes in contactwith the rim and is shaped to secure the tire to the r
7、im.F 5383.1.2 bead unseating block, nmachined block of castaluminum (also known as “shoe”) used on the bead unseatingfixture to press against the tire sidewall.3.1.3 elements, nan isolated (totally bounded by void)projection. F 5383.1.4 manufacturer, of a tire, nname of a company orwholly owned subs
8、idiary making the tire. F 5383.1.5 measuring rim, nany “rim” with a width as specifiedfor the design or measuring rim for a particular tire sizedesignation, and with the “bead” seat and flange dimensions inaccordance with publications of tire and rim standards organi-zations current at the time of m
9、anufacture.3.1.6 outside diameter, nmaximum diameter of the tirewhen it is mounted and inflated. F 5383.1.7 overall width, nmaximum cross-sectional width of atire, including protective or decorative ribs. F 5383.1.8 rim, nspecially shaped circular periphery to which atire may be mounted with appropr
10、iate bead fitment. F 5383.1.9 rim, test, nrim having the configuration and dimen-sions suitable for use with a test tire in accordance withpublications of a tire and rim standards organization current atthe time of tire manufacture. F 5383.1.10 sidewall, of a tire, nportion of a tire between thetrea
11、d and the bead. F 5383.1.11 specified design section width, nwidth specified inthe publications of tire and rim standards organizations currentat the time of manufacture for a new tire of that sizedesignation and type when inflated on its “measuring rim.”3.1.12 tire, pneumatic, nhollow tire that bec
12、omes load-bearing upon inflation with air, or other gas, to a pressureabove atmospheric. F 5383.1.13 tread, of a tire, npart of the tire that comes incontact with the ground. F 5383.1.14 unseating, vthe dislodgment of the bead area of atire from the portion of the rim designed to hold the bead inpla
13、ce resulting in loss of inflation pressure.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method measures the force needed to unseat atire from a clean, dry, painted test rim. The force is appliedthrough a specified bead unseating block and pivoting load armset substantially parallel to the tire rim assembl
14、y at the start of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tiresand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.30 on Laboratory (Non-Vehicular) Testing.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2007. Published January 2008. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition a
15、pproved in 2007 as F 2663 07.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 1
16、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.the test. The force is measured at a specific point of the fixture.The point to be contacted on the tire sidewall is determinedwithin this test method.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method establishes a standard
17、 procedure for thetest and provides data that can be related to the force requiredto unseat the bead of a tire inflated with a specified pressurefrom the rim. This test method does not establish performancelimits or tolerances for tire specifications.6. Apparatus6.1 A fixture to hold the tire-rim as
18、sembly as shown inAnnex A1 or equivalent.6.2 Testing machine which incorporates a block traveling at50.8 6 1.58 mm/min (2.0 6 0.0625 in./min) which can exerta force on the fixture at the spherical attachment point (in linewith the centerline of the bead unseating block) or equivalent.6.3 A force ind
19、icating device that shall have an accuracy of61% of the indicated force in the operating range and shallreflect an instantaneous change in force from zero to full scalein no more than 3.0 s.6.4 Means for calibration of the testing machine for appliedload and rate of application speed are necessary.6
20、.5 Means for mounting the tire on a test rim and mountingthe test assembly on the testing machine is necessary.6.6 Test rims.6.7 Pressure gauge, capable of measuring the pressurewithin 63.5 kPa (0.5 psi).7. Sampling7.1 A sample is one or more tires taken from a lot asdirected in any applicable speci
21、fication, or as taken from ashipping unit, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and theseller.7.2 Record the manufacturers identification, brand name,tire identification number, tire outside diameter, rim diameterand width, size, load range, and type of tire. Visually inspectthe tire completely f
22、or excessive mold lubricant and anyobvious faults or conditions that could affect the test.8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Check fixture for bent arm, loose or binding pivot andflat seating of rim on the support flange.8.2 On certain equipment designs, check alignment ofspherical adaptor and ram from
23、 load machine.9. Calibration and Standardization9.1 Calibration standards shall be comprised of instrumen-tation and measuring apparatus that are used for verification ofthe accuracies of the indicating-recording instruments, pressuresetting and travel speeds. Calibration standard accuracy will beas
24、certained by comparison of the standard with primarystandards maintained by the National Institute of Standards andTechnology (NIST) or secondary standards traceable to NISTor applicable national standards. The frequency of calibrationshall be as often as necessary to ensure that all functions arewi
25、thin tolerances listed in Section 7.10. Conditioning10.1 The ambient temperature for tire conditioning and inthe test area shall be any known temperature within the rangeof 24 6 8C (75 6 15F) (see Test Method F 1502).10.2 Tire must be aged a minimum of 24 h after curing.11. Procedure11.1 The tire mu
26、st be at room temperature before mounting.Wash the tire, dry the bead area and mount the tire on a dry,clean, corrosion free test rim without lubrication or adhesives.11.2 Inflate the tire to, but do not exceed, the maximuminflation pressure indicated on the tire sidewall, to seat thebead. Verify pr
27、oper bead seating.11.3 Immediately reduce the pressure to the specified pres-sure based on the requirements of the bead unseat standard orTable 1 or Table 2.TABLE 1 Passenger Car Tire Inflation PressureNOTEConversions are based on historical precedents. See bibliogra-phy (19).Tire Load Identificatio
28、nTest Inflationpsi (kPa)Maximum Inflationpsi (kPa)Alphanumeric type tiresLoad range B 24 (165) 32 (220)Load range C 28 (195) 36 (250)Load range D 32 (220) 40 (275)“Passenger” type tiresStandard load 26 (180) 35 (240)26 (180) 36 (250)26 (180) 44 (300)26 (180) 51 (350)Extra load 32 (220) 41 (280)32 (2
29、20) 42 (290)32 (220) 50 (340)“T” type tiresTemporary use 52 (360) 60 (420)TABLE 2 Light Truck (LT) Tire Inflation PressureNOTEConversions are based on historical precedents. See bibliogra-phy (1, 6, and 7).Tire Load IdentificationTest Inflationpsi (kPa)Tire Load Rating“LT” and “C” type tiresCross se
30、ction # 295 mm (11.5 in.)38 (260) LR C49 (340) LR D59 (410) LR E“LT” and “C” type tiresCross section 295 mm (11.5 in.)28 (190) LR C38 (260) LR D49 (340) LR EF 2663 07a2NOTE 1Certain kPa and psi pressure equivalencies in Table 1 andTable 2 are different based on their sources.11.4 Condition the mount
31、ed tire and rim for 24 h (may beconcurrent from curing) at the ambient room temperature. Thetest tire during conditioning or testing shall not be exposed tofluctuations in temperature exceeding +2.6C, 5.8C (+5F,10F) of the starting conditioning temperature.11.5 Readjust the pressure as required in 1
32、1.3, the inflationpressure tolerance shall be 63.5 kPa (0.5 psi).11.6 Measure the overall and section widths of the tire at sixpoints equally spaced around the tire and record the average ofthese measurements (see Test Method F 1502 or equivalent fordetails).11.7 Measure the outside diameter of the
33、tire by measuringthe circumference and dividing by Pi (3.1416) or use ofDiameter (Pi ) Tape (see Test Method F 1502 or equivalent fordetails).11.8 The tire shall be marked radially at 5 equally spacedlocations on the valve side of the sidewall.11.9 Mount the tire-rim assembly in the test fixture sho
34、wn inAnnex A1.11.10 Position the bead unseating block selected based onthe table in Annex A1 against the tire sidewall at the “A”distance for the rim diameter or determined by using thefollowing calculation for the “A” dimension, whichever is less:A 5 0.75 3 0.5OD 2 RD!# 1 0.5RD (1)where:OD = tire o
35、uter diameter or nominal diameter from appli-cable standardRD = nominal rim diameterNOTE 2The tolerance for the “A” dimension (calculated or listedabove) is 61.5 mm (0.06 in.).11.11 Position the unseating block to touch the tire sidewallwith a force less than 2.5 daN (5 lbf). Level the arm so that i
36、tis parallel, 62, to the tire.11.12 Check and, if necessary, readjust the inflation pres-sure.11.13 Apply the load through the unseating block at a rate of50.8 6 1.6 mm/min (2.0 6 0.0625 in./min) until the beadunseats, air loss is audible (pressure is reduced), or limit fromapplicable standard is re
37、ached without the block contacting therim. Record the maximum force. Depending on equipmentdesign subtract the (tare) weight of the load arm if notpreviously considered during setup or calibration.11.14 If, during the application of load (11.13), the beadunseats, reinflate the tire to the maximum pr
38、essure indicated onthe sidewall to reseat the bead, verify proper bead seating, andimmediately reduce the pressure to the specified pressure basedon the requirements of the bead unseat test pressure table.11.15 Repeat 4 times at equally spaced locations around thetire (making total of 5 measurements
39、).12. Calculation or Interpretation of Results12.1 Result is the least or minimum value obtained in 11.13.13. Report13.1 The report should include the following:13.1.1 A title (for example, “Bead Unseat Test ASTMF 2663”);13.1.2 The name and address of the laboratory, and thelocation where the tests
40、or calibrations, or both, were carriedout, if different from the address of the laboratory;13.1.3 Unique identification of the test report (such as reportor request number), and number of report page and clearidentification of report end. Name and address of client ifdifferent from company performin
41、g the test;13.1.4 Date test is performed;13.1.5 Date of calibration of the required equipment (op-tional);13.1.6 Test results with, where appropriate, units of mea-surement;13.1.7 Block used 2A, 2B, or 2C;13.1.8 The name(s) of the persons conducting and authoriz-ing the reported results.13.1.9 Comme
42、nts to describe deviations from the testmethod and information regarding test conditions, such asenvironmental conditions; and13.1.10 Where appropriate and needed, opinions and inter-pretations of results.14. Precision and Bias14.1 The repeatability and reproducibility of this testmethod is being de
43、termined and will be available on or beforeJanuary 1, 2011.15. Keywords15.1 bead unseating; load machine; standardized fixture;tubeless tires; unseating; unseating blockF 2663 07a3ANNEXA1. FIXTURES AND SETTINGSA1.1 See diagram of bead unseating fixture (geometry) inFig. A1.1.A1.2 See Table A1.1 for
44、“A” dimensions.A1.3 See diagram of bead unseating block Type 2A in Fig.A1.2.A1.4 See diagram of bead unseating block Type 2B in Fig.A1.3.A1.5 See diagram of bead unseating block Type 2C in Fig.A1.4.A1.6 See diagram of bead unseating block adaptors in Fig.A1.5.FIG. A1.1 Bead Unseating FixtureF 2663 0
45、7a4TABLE A1.1 List of “A” Dimension TableRecommendedBlockFor tire withmaximum inflationpressure of 60psig (415 kPa), “T”Rim Size “A” Dimension FMVSS 109 “A” DimensionDiameterCodemm in. mm in. mm in. mm2C 30 18.5 4702C 29 18.0 4582C 28 17.5 4452C 27 17.0 4322C 26 16.5 4202C 25 16.0 4062B 24 15.5 3942
46、B 23 15.0 3812B 22 14.5 3682B 21 14.0 3562B 20 13.5 3432B 19 13.0 330 13.0 330 12 3052A 18 12.5 318 12.5 318 11.4 2902A 17 12.0 305 12.0 305 10.6 2692A 16 11.5 292 11.5 292 9.9 2512A 15 11.0 279 11.0 279 9.4 2392A 14 10.5 267 10.5 267 8.9 2262A 13 10.0 254 10.0 2542A 12 9.5 241 9.5 2412A 11 9.0 229
47、9.0 2292A 10 8.5 216 8.5 2162A 415 11.5 2922A 390 11.0 2792A 370 10.0 2542A 365 9.8 2482A 345 9.3 2352A 340 9.0 2292A 320 8.5 2162A 3152A 290F 2663 07a5NOTEMaterial: cast aluminum 355 T-6 condition; Finish: 1.3 m (50 in.).FIG. A1.2 Type 2A Bead Unseating BlockF 2663 07a6FIG. A1.3 Type 2B Bead Unseat
48、ing Block and AdaptorF 2663 07a7FIG. A1.4 Type 2C Bead Unseating Block and AdaptorFIG. A1.5 Adaptors for RJS Style MachinesF 2663 07a8Bibliography(1) FMVSS 109 (10-1-00 Edition) (United States of America).(2) ADR 23/01 (12 Dec. 1995) (Australian Design Rules).(3) GB/T4504-1998 (China).(4) GS.51,52,53 (Gulf Standard).(5) NOM086-SCFI-1995 (Mexico).(6) SAE J918c (May 70) (Society of Automotive Engineers).(7) Tire and Rim Association Year Book (T or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 2663 07a9
