1、Designation: F2975 12Standard Test Method forMeasuring the Field Performance of Commercial KitchenVentilation Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method can be used to measure and validatesuccessful design, installation and commissioning of commer-
3、cial kitchen HVAC and makeup air systems for specificinstallations.1.2 This test method field evaluates commercial kitchenventilation system airflows and pressures.1.3 This test method field evaluates visual hood capture andcontainment performance.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
4、regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-tion only.1.5 The data generated is specific to the field conditions asinstalled.1.6 This test method may involve hazardous materials,gasses (for example, CO) operations, and equipment. Thisstandard does not purport to address all
5、of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1704 Test Method for Ca
6、pture and Containment Perfor-mance of Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Ventilation Sys-tems2.2 Other Standards:ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111-2008 Measurement, Testing,Adjusting and Balancing of Building HVAC Systems3ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 154 Ventilation for CommercialCooking Operations3Testing, Adjusting and Ba
7、lancing, Chapter 37 2007 HVACApplications Handbook4Kitchen Ventilation, Chapter 31 2007 HVAC ApplicationsHandbook43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 airflow ratevolumetric flow rate of air in units offt3/min (cfm) or m3/s. When adjusted for standard air densitythe flow rate is designated by scfm.3.
8、1.2 appliancecooking device used in kitchen and pow-ered by gas, and/or electricity and/or solid fuel.3.1.3 barometric pressureabsolute pressure of the airmeasured by a barometer or absolute pressure measuringdevice.3.1.4 capture and containment (C the performance ofthe ventilation system should be
9、checked to verify that thedesign is adequate for the actual operation, particularly atmaximum cooking and at outdoor environmental extremes.Any necessary changes should be made, and all the recordsshould be updated to show the changes. Rechecking the airbalance should not be necessary more than once
10、 every 2 yearsunless significant changes are made in facility operation. Ifthere are major changes, such as a new type of cookingequipment or added or deleted exhaust connections, the systemshould be modified accordingly and rebalanced.10.2 Exhaust Air Flow Rate Measurements Through KitchenExhaust H
11、oods:10.2.1 The total air flow rate through each exhaust hoodshall be determined using one of the following methods withthe cooking appliances turned at hot ready-to-cooking condi-tion.10.2.1.1 When a specific air flow rate measurement protocolis specified by the hood or filter manufacturer, the pro
12、tocoldeveloped by the manufacturer shall be followed.10.2.1.2 When the filters under test have no protocol fromthe manufacturer but has a protocol specified in this document,the method of test specified in this document shall be followed.10.2.1.3 When the filters under test have no protocol fromthe
13、manufacturer and do not have a protocol specified in thisdocument, or one or more obstructions prevents proper use offace velocity measuring instruments, a duct traverse methodshall be used to determine the total air flow rate through anexhaust hood using a Pitot-static tube. The Log-Tchebycheffrule
14、 shall be used for rectangular ducts and the Log-linear rulefor circular ducts as specified in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard111-2008, ”Measurement, testing, adjusting and balancing ofbuilding HVAC systems”.10.2.2 Hoods with Baffle Filters:10.2.2.1 These measurements are limited to the use ofa4in.rotating van
15、e anemometer with its body parallel to andpositioned flush to the filter face.10.2.2.2 Each filter in an exhaust hood must be evaluatedseparately and the flow rate through each filter added todetermine the total airflow rate through the entire exhausthood.10.2.2.3 The dimensions of the open portion,
16、 height andwidth (H and W), of each filter shall be measured with anaccuracy of 614 inch and the results recorded.10.2.2.4 The center of the rotating vane anemometer shalltraverse the entire face of the filter in a back-and forth motion.The minimum time to traverse the entire filter face shall be 30
17、FIG. 1 Baffle FilterF2975 125s. An example is shown in Fig. 2. Average velocity readingsshall be measured and recorded at each location.10.2.2.5 The body of the instrument shall remain flush to theexterior surface of the filters, and be kept parallel to it.10.2.2.6 Airflow through the instrument sha
18、ll not be ob-structed by the operators hand or fingers.10.2.2.7 The velocity measurements in a filter bank shall bemeasured beginning with the filter at one end of the filter bankand ending with the filter at the opposite end.10.2.2.8 The procedure described above shall be repeatedtwice more to obta
19、in the average velocity for all three readingsat each location in feet per minute (FPM).10.2.3 Hoods with Cyclone Filters:10.2.3.1 These measurements are limited to the use of a234-in. diameter rotating vane anemometer with its bodyparallel to and positioned 2 in. from the filter face.10.2.3.2 Each
20、filter in an exhaust hood must be evaluatedseparately and the flow rate through each filter added togetherto determine the total airflow rate through the entire exhausthood.10.2.3.3 The gross dimensions (height and width) of theopening areas of each filter shall be measured and recorded.10.2.3.4 The
21、 velometer shall traverse each opening a mini-mum of 30 s. Fig. 4 shows the positions by “X” for an entirefilter bank of cyclone filters.Average velocity readings shall bemeasured and recorded at each location.10.2.3.5 The body of the anemometer must remain 2 in.from the exterior surface of the filt
22、ers, and be kept parallel toit.Asmall indicator shall be attached to the exterior body of theanemometer to maintain the 2 inch spacing.10.2.3.6 The vane must attain full speed at each positionbefore the velocity is recorded.10.2.3.7 The airflow through the anemometer shall not beobstructed by the op
23、erators hand or fingers.10.2.3.8 The velocity measurements in a filter bank shall bemeasured beginning with the filter at one end of the filter bankand ending with the filter at the opposite end.10.2.3.9 The procedure described above shall be repeatedtwice more to obtain the average velocity for all
24、 three readingsat each measurement position in feet per minute (FPM).10.2.4 Hoods with Slot Filters (CartridgeRemovable orStationary):10.2.4.1 These measurements are limited to the use of a 2.75in. rotating vane anemometer positioned at the slot opening.Each filter in an exhaust hood must be evaluat
25、ed separately andthe flow rates through each filter added together to determinethe total airflow rate through the entire exhaust hood.10.2.4.2 The body of the anemometer must remain parallelto the slot opening with one side in the same plane as theopening.10.2.4.3 The center of the anemometer shall
26、be traversedacross the center of the slot opening.10.2.4.4 Velocity measurements shall be made as a traversethrough the center of each of the slot areas. The minimum timeto uniformly traverse a slot opening shall be 30 s.10.2.4.5 The airflow through the anemometer shall not beobstructed by the opera
27、tors hand or fingers.10.2.4.6 The fan blade shall attain full speed before record-ing any velocity data.10.2.4.7 The average velocity through each slot filter shallbe measured starting at a filter at one end of the filter bank andending with the filter at the other end of the bank.10.2.4.8 The proce
28、dure shall be repeated twice more toobtain the average velocity for all three readings for each filterin feet per minute (FPM).10.2.5 Exhaust Duct Velocity Traverse:10.2.5.1 This method shall be used to determine the total airflow rate through an exhaust hood when velocity measure-ments at the filte
29、r face are not possible or have no establishedprotocols.10.2.5.2 Instrumentation is limited to a Pitot-static tubeconnected to a differential pressure measuring device.10.2.5.3 The number and position of velocity measurementpoints within the duct shall conform to the values documentedin ANSI/ASHRAE
30、Standard 111-2008.10.2.5.4 An accessible straight section of duct is requiredfor the traverse.10.2.5.5 If the duct is insulated, the insulation shall beremoved to expose the exterior surface of the duct to allowholes to be drilled at the appropriate locations.10.2.5.6 Conduct the velocity measuremen
31、ts according toANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111-2008.10.2.5.7 Repeat the velocity measurements twice more fortriplicate readings.10.2.5.8 Upon completion of all duct velocitymeasurements, seal the holes used for the traverse measure-ments (weld liquid-tight or install UL Listed fittings).FIG. 2 The Start of
32、 the Traverse of the 4 in. Rotating Vane An-emometer is Denoted by “X”FIG. 3 Cyclone FilterF2975 12610.2.5.9 If the duct is insulated, any insulation removedshall be replaced and resealed.10.3 Exhaust Airflow Rate Adjustments:10.3.1 All kitchen exhaust air flow rates shall be within 65% of the speci
33、fied value. If an initial value falls below 5% ofthe specified value, the air flow rate shall be adjusted to fallwithin 5% of the specification.10.3.2 Raise or lower the exhaust fan speed to achieve thespecified airflow rate.10.3.2.1 To adjust the fan speed for belt-driven fans, shutthe fan off, loo
34、sen the tension on the belt and remove it. Loosenthe set screw on the adjustable motor pulley and screw the twohalves toward each other to increase speed, and screw themaway from each other to reduce speed. Be sure to tighten theset screw only on a flat on the pulley hub to avoid damaging thethreads
35、.10.3.3 Measure the exhaust airflow rate into the exhausthood using one of the procedures described in section 10.2.10.3.4 Continue to adjust the fan speed until the measuredair flow rate is within 5% of the specified value.10.3.5 Record the date, exhaust fan RPM setting measuredwith a tachometer, a
36、nd the motor amp draw measured with aclamp-on ammeter at the correct exhaust flow rate, and use thisfor quick reference in the future (mark in indelible ink insideeach motor dome for future reference).10.3.6 After the final exhaust fan RPM has been set, (1)check that the fan and motor shafts in para
37、llel and if not, adjustthe motor or fan position by loosening and tightening themounting bolts to achieve parallel shaft alignment, and (2) setthe fan pulley and motor pulley on the same horizontal plane sothe belt rides flat.10.3.7 Secure the motor dome to the fan, making sure thedome seals out wat
38、er from the motor compartment.10.3.8 Repeat items 10.3.1 through 10.3.7 for all exhaustfans that require airflow rate adjustment.10.4 Proper Exhaust Fan Operation:10.4.1 The Venturi inlet of each fan shall seal completelyagainst the gasket on the adapter plate.10.4.2 The fan shall rotate in the dire
39、ction of the arrow onthe motor compartment plate.10.4.3 The fan shall turn freely without binding on theVenturi rim.10.4.4 The fan shaft bearings shall be properly lubricated.10.5 Supply and Makeup Air Flow Rate Measurements:10.5.1 Supply Air Flow Rate Measurement:10.5.1.1 The supply air volumetric
40、flow rate through eachdiffuser shall be measured using a flow hood with the open endof the hood sealed to prevent air flow from escaping.10.5.1.2 Measurements shall be made with the internalbaffle open and closed and the results used to estimate the flowrate when the hood is not present.10.5.1.3 Mea
41、surements at each diffuser shall be made intriplicate and the average flow rate recorded.10.5.1.4 The total supply air flow rate into the kitchen shallbe the sum of the individual diffuser measurements.10.5.2 Makeup Air Flow Rate Measurement:10.5.2.1 The total air flow rate through each makeup airde
42、vice shall be determined using one of the following methodswith the cooking appliances idle/ready-to-cook.(1) When a specific air flow rate measurement protocol isspecified by the manufacturer, the protocol developed by themanufacturer shall be followed.(2) When the makeup air device under test has
43、no protocolfrom the manufacturer but has a protocol specified in thisdocument, the method of test specified in this document shallbe followed.(3) When the makeup air device under test has no protocolfrom the manufacturer and does not have a protocol specifiedin this document, or one or more obstruct
44、ions prevents properuse of face velocity measuring instruments, a duct traversemethod shall be used to determine the total air flow ratethrough the device using a Pitot-static tube. The Log-Tchebycheff rule shall be used for rectangular ducts and theLog-linear rule for circular ducts as specified in
45、 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 111-2008, ”Measurement, testing, adjust-ing and balancing of building HVAC systems”.10.5.2.2 Measurements at each device shall be made intriplicate and the average flow rate recorded for each.FIG. 4 Measurement Positions for a 234-in. Rotating Vane Anemometer Indicated by “X” o
46、n a Cyclone Filter Bank With Two DifferentSized FiltersFIG. 5 Slot FilterF2975 12710.5.2.3 The total makeup air flow rate into the kitchen shallbe the sum of the individual makeup air device measurements.10.5.2.4 Front Face With Perforated Plate Diffuser:(1) These measurements are limited to the use
47、 of a cali-brated flow hood mounted flush to the face of the diffuser or avelocity grid positioned 1.5 in. from the diffuser surface Theflow hood shall be used except where obstructions prevent aproper seal along the entire diffuser surface of a makeup airunit. If a flow hood cannot be used, a veloc
48、ity grid shall be usedfor the makeup air unit.(2) Flow Hood:(a) When the opening of the flow hood is larger than thewidth of the diffuser preventing a tight seal on all sides, theopen area shall be blocked so that only air passing through thediffuser enters the flow hood. This can be accomplished by
49、attaching a section of cardboard sealed to the end of the flowhood by tape.(b) The flow hood shall be mounted in a sufficient numberof positions over the perforated panel to measure all the airsupplied by the diffuser.(c) The flow hood shall be mounted such that no overlapoccurs between any successive positions.(d) At each position, the hood shall be used to measurethe air flow rate with the internal damper open and closed. Thetwo measurements shall be used to determine the air flow ratewithout the hood present using the hood manufacturersprocedure.(e) The total air flow ra
