1、Designation: F3095 14F3095 17Standard Practice forLaser Technologies for Direct Measurement of CrossSectional Shape of Pipeline and Conduit by Rotating LaserDiodes and CCTV Camera System1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3095; the number immediately following the designation indic
2、ates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This practice covers the procedure f
3、or the post installation verification and acceptance of buried pipe deformation using avisible rotating laser light diode(s), a pipeline and conduit inspection analog or digital CCTV camera system and image processingsoftware. The combination CCTV pipe inspection system, with cable distance counter
4、or onboard distance encoder, rotating laserlight diode(s) and ovality measurement software shall be used to perform a pipe measurement and ovality confirmation survey, ofnew or existing pipelines and conduits as directed by the responsible contracting authority. This standard practice providesminimu
5、m requirements on means and methods for laser profiling to meet the needs of engineers, contractors, owners, regulatoryagencies, and financing institutions.1.2 This practice applies to all types of material, all types of construction, or shape.1.3 This practice applies to gravity flow storm sewers,
6、drains, sanitary sewers, and combined sewers with diameters from 6 to72 in. (150 to 1800 mm). The pipe shall be pre-cleaned and free of debris that would prevent the CCTV camera and laser diodeassembly, shown in Fig. 1, from moving through the pipe, or adversely affect the accuracy of the survey. Fl
7、ow or debris, withinthe line, shall be less than 10 % of the nominal pipe diameter or 6 in. (150 mm) in depth whichever is the lesser.1.4 The Laser Light Diode(s) shall be tested, labeled and certified to conform to US requirements for CDRH Class 2 or below(not considered to be hazardous) laser prod
8、ucts or certified to conform to EU requirements for Class 2M or below laser productsas per IEC 60825-1, or both.1.5 The profiling process may require physical access to lines, entry manholes and operations along roadways that may includesafety hazards.1.6 This practice includes inspection requiremen
9、ts for determining pipeline and conduit ovality only and does not include allthe required components of a complete inspection. The user of this practice should consider additional items outside this practicefor inspection such as joint gap measurement, soil/water infiltration, crack and hole measure
10、ment, surface damage evaluation,evaluation of any pipeline repairs, and corrosion evaluation.1.7 This standard practice does not address limitations in accuracy due to improper lighting, dust, humidity, fog, moisture onpipe walls or horizontal/vertical offsets. Care should be taken to limit environm
11、ental factors in the pipeline that affect accuracy ofthe inspection.1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.9 This standa
12、rd does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. There are no safety hazards spe
13、cifically, however, associated with the use of the laser profiler specified(listed and labeled as specified in 1.3).1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development
14、of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technology and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 onI
15、nspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014April 1, 2017. Published September 2014May 2017. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 asF3095-14. DOI: 10.1520/F3095-14.10.1520/F3095-17.This document is not an ASTM stan
16、dard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all case
17、s only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12. Referenced Do
18、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test MethodF1216 Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by the Inversion and Curing of a
19、Resin-Impregnated TubeF2019 Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by the Pulled in Place Installation of Glass ReinforcedPlastic (GRP) Cured-in-Place Thermosetting Resin Pipe (CIPP)2.2 Other Documents:IEC 60825-1 Safety of Laser ProductsPart 1: Equipment Classification and R
20、equirements, Jan 20113CDRH Regulations CFR 21, Section I, Subchapter J, Parts 1002 to 1040.1143. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 authority, nparty reasonable for the generation and verification of performance to job specification(s) and contractrequirements.3.1.2
21、barrel distortion, ndistortion of an image produced by an optical system that causes straight lines at image margins tobulge outwards.3.1.3 CCTV, na closed circuit pipeline and conduit inspection television system including a camera, camera transporter,integrated lighting, central control system, vi
22、deo monitor and recording device.3.1.4 CCTV camera transporter, nthe device that provides mobility for the CCTV camera to move up and down the pipealignment once it enters the inside of the pipe through manholes and/or other access openings.3.1.5 CCTV pipeline and conduit inspection system, nCCTV in
23、spection system is composed of CCTV camera, the transporter,controller, video recording unit, and at times its own power.3.1.6 computer, nan electronic machine that performs rapid, complex calculations, correlates the processed data, generatesimaging and corresponding alpha numeric information.3.1.7
24、 curvature, nthe reciprocal of the radius of the inner surface at a location along the perimeter of the noncircular shapedpipe, culvert or conduit.3.1.4 laser, na solid state device that produces a monochromatic and coherent beam of visible light in an intense, narrowbeam.3.1.5 laser light diode, na
25、 mobile, certified “eye safe” laser light source and internal optics capable of projecting a narrowbeam of laser light onto an internal pipe wall in pipes from 6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm) in diameter regardless of material, design,or shape.3.1.6 laser profile, nthe spatial intensity profile of a la
26、ser beam at a particular plane transverse to the beam propagation path.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the AST
27、M website.3 Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de Varemb, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iec.ch.4 Available from Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, WO66-4621, Silver
28、 Spring, MD20993, http:/www.fda.gov.FIG. 1 CCTVRotating Laser Profile Camera in PipeF3095 1723.1.11 laser profile calibration software, nsoftware created to determine and store the calibration values collected from thelaser profile calibration unit.3.1.12 laser profile calibration unit, na device to
29、 create the calibration profile of a rotating laser diode camera. The camerais placed inside the calibration unit, a target is moved to pre-defined positions along the unit and the resulting series of lasermeasurement values and focal lengths are to be used with the profile software.3.1.13 laser pro
30、filing equipment, nequipment used in performing a laser profiling observation.3.1.7 laser profiling survey, na survey composed of taking measurements of the cross sectional shape of the pipe at variousstations along its alignment, processing the data using an appropriate software and producing a con
31、dition assessment report usinglaser profiling technology.3.1.15 MTBF, nmean time between failures.3.1.8 ovality, npercentage of shape deflection in circular and noncircular pipes as calculated per Practice F1216 or PracticeF2019 as defined in Annex A1.3.1.17 processing or measurement software, na so
32、ftware program for processing the CCTV images of a laser light on theinternal surfaces of a pipe while moving through a pipeline or conduit. The speed of travel shall not exceed a maximum establishedrate jointly determined by the user and the contractor, considering the objectives and the size of th
33、e pipe or the conduit or stationaryand generating specified reports.3.1.9 profiling software, nthe software that analyzes the collected data from a laser profiling effort into deformed crosssectional profiles along the pipe of conduit alignment.4. Significance and Use4.1 Operational experience and i
34、ndependent testing have fully documented that the usable life, maintenance and failure andmean time between failures (MTBF) in buried storm and wastewater lines can be directly affected by the defects duringmanufacturing, incorrect pipe storage, and improper installation, including improper compacti
35、on often resulting in the deformationand physical damage in newly installed, repaired and replaced pipelines. Laser profiling assessment is an effective a quality controltool for identifying and quantifying deformation, physical damage, and other pipe anomalies after installation, providing valuable
36、means and methods for determining the quality of workmanship and compliance with project specifications. Laser profilingcapabilities include:4.1.1 Measurement of the structural shape, cross sectional area and defects;4.1.2 Collection of data needed for better pipe rehabilitation or replacement desig
37、n; and4.1.3 Post rehabilitation, replacement or new construction workmanship verification.4.2 This standard practice provides minimum requirements on means and methods for laser profiling to meet the needs ofengineers, contractors, owners, regulatory agencies and financing institutions.4.2 Alaser pr
38、ofile pre-acceptance and condition assessment survey shall provide provides significant information in a clear andconcise manner, including but not limited to graphs and still frame digital images of pipe condition prior to acceptance, therebyproviding objective data on the installed quality and per
39、centage ovality, or degree of deformation, deflection or deviation, that isoften not possible from an inspection by either a mandrel or only CCTV.4.4 This practice applies to gravity flow linesstorm sewers, sanitary sewers, combined sewers, siphons, edge drains, highwaydrains, and culverts, and to a
40、ll other pipelines, ducts and conduits that are made accessible and meet the requirements of 1.3,regardless of shape, design configuration or material. The line shall be free of excess debris and obstructions with a maximum flowlevel or stagnant water, during laser profiling, not to exceed 10 % of n
41、ominal pipe diameter or 6 in. (150 mm) in depth, whicheveris the lesser.5. Accuracy and Precision5.1 The accuracy of a measurement system is the degree of closeness of measurements of a quantity to that quantitys actual(true) value. The laser light diode system, with the profiling software, shall be
42、 tested and approved, by an independent testingagency, and shall include a “Certificate ofAccuracy” equal to or better than 0.5 % of the lower nominal cross sectional dimension.The precision of a measurement system, also called reproducibility or repeatability, is the degree to which repeated measur
43、ementsunder unchanged conditions show the same results.Ameasurement system can be accurate but not precise, precise but not accurate,neither, or both. For example, if the data collection method is affected by a systematic error, increasing the number of times theinstrument is run through the pipe, i
44、ncreases precision but does not improve accuracy.The result would be consistent yet inaccurateresults from the flawed method. Eliminating the systematic error improves accuracy but does not change precision.5.2 The testing of the independent testing agency shall be to a traceable standard of the Nat
45、ional Institute of Standards andTechnology (NIST), or equivalent. A minimum of five measurements shall be taken and shall result in a standard deviation of 2 (94.7 %) for precision (repeatability) or better.F3095 1735.3 The longitudinal position of the equipment is measured by a device in contact wi
46、th the connection cable, positioning cableor rope. The longitudinal location shall be measured to within an accuracy of 2 % of length between two consecutive joints; inaddition, a tolerance of 2 ft (0.6 m) for the insertion and exit distance between the CCTV and the laser projection unit shall beall
47、owed in the data and the reports.5. Contract Responsibilities5.1 Apart from the provisions generally included in a testing and certification contract, the laser profiling survey contract shalldefine and assign responsibilities for the following items:5.2 Access to the survey site to be provided to t
48、he extent that the contracting authority can provide such access.5.3 The utility owner shall ensure that all lines to be profiled are free of debris, obstructions, and cleaned within 24 h prior tothe profiling inspection. Standing or flowing water or debris shall not exceed 10 % of the nominal pipe
49、diameter, or six (6) in. (150mm) in depth, whichever is the lesser.7. Pipeline and Conduit Laser Profiling-Principle of Operation7.1 Aprofiler shall project visible laser (light) while rotating around the internal pipe surface.Apipeline and conduit inspectionCCTV analog or digital video camera system shall continuously capture the laser image as the laser profile system is movedthrough the line. The distance to capture a full rotation shall be established jointly by the user and the contractor, by both partiesconsidering the objectives and the size of the
