1、Designation: F3110 14Standard Practice forProper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleevewith Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying InnerDiameter and Offset Joints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3110; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
2、year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements forgo
3、od practices for the materials and installation of mechanicaltrenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism forpipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).1.2 This practice applies to storm, potable water, wastewaterand industrial pipes, cond
4、uits and drainage culverts.1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturingthe sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, thesleeve shall extend over a predetermined length of the host pipeas a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiablenon-leaking pipe repair
5、ed using one or more pieces of therepair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure thissleeve can carry depends on the diameter and the wallthickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressureshall not exceed 1.5 bars.1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall becertified to
6、 meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety
7、concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attentionis drawn to those safety regulations and requirements inv
8、olvingentering into and working in confined spaces.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-NickelStainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vesselsand for General ApplicationsA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked AusteniticStainless
9、Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar2.2 NASSCO Guidelines:3Specifications for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation2.3 European Standard:4EN 681-1 Elastomeric sealsMaterials requirement for pipejoint seals used in water and drainage applicationsPart1: Vulcanized rubber2.4 NSF/ANSI Standards:5NSF
10、/ANSI 61 Drinking water system componentsNSF/ANSI 372 Drinking water system components3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 access point, nupstream or downstream locationsthat serve as the point of entry or exit for the point repair of theexisting pipe.3.1.2 bladder,
11、 nan apparatus, when pressurized, inflates atube that presses against the inner pipe walls.3.1.3 EPDM rubber, nethylene propylene diene monomerrubber formed to yield wide ranging engineering propertiesusing a synthetic process.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technol
12、ogyand Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2014. Published January 2015. DOI: 10.1520/F3110-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.
13、org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO),2470 Longstone Lane, Suite M, Marriottsville, MD 2110
14、4, http:/nassco.org.4Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,
15、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.4 finished thickness, nthe finished sleeve thicknessafter installation.3.1.5 hydrophilic, na material that is moisture activatedwith expansion characteristics of 58 times its original thick-ness.3.1.6 locking gea
16、r, ngears that alter the diameter of thesleeve that can be locked to retain a desired diameter for thesleeve when put into service.3.1.7 NBR, nnitrile butadiene rubber.3.1.8 offset joints, njoints with defects from the inner borearea not aligning perfectly.3.1.9 packer, nan inflatable bladder device
17、 on wheels thattransports a sleeve through the pipe and further inflates/expands for final sleeve installation.3.1.10 point repair, nrepair of a local defect withoutrelining damaged pipe, conduit or culvert from one manhole tothe next.3.1.11 resin, nsynthetic fluid that hardens to become asolid when
18、 cured by steam, heat, ultraviolet light or underambient conditions.3.1.12 serial installation, nusing more than one sleeve toperform point repair.3.1.13 single installation, nusing a single sleeve to per-form point repair.3.1.14 sleeve, ntubular shaped component of variouslength, diameter and wall
19、thickness.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers,regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organi-zations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes throughthe use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with aLocking Gear Mechan
20、ism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameterand Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects inpipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumfer-ential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement orjoint misalignment, closing
21、 or sealing unused laterals,corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe,deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are nolimitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed.The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent onthe minimum and maximum diame
22、ters for which the sleeve isapplicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown inAppendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.4.3 This practice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay,concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforcedplastics, cast iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure
23、 andnon-pressure applications.4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-upof sludge or sediment have been recorded to date; the perfor-mance of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors;therefore, past operational records may not include all possiblefuture conditions under which
24、 the user may install thesesleeves.4.5 The suitability of the technology covered in this practicefor a particular application shall be jointly decided by theauthority, the engineer and the installer.5. Essential Components Forming the Sleeve and TheirFunctions5.1 Stainless Steel Sleeve:5.1.1 Flared
25、EndThe flared end faces the direction of flowand improves the hydrodynamics, prevents solids fromdepositing, and increases jetting resistance, (1) in Fig. 1 andFig. 3. Flared ends are not used, however, for potable waterapplications.5.1.2 Metal OverlapThe steel sleeve is rolled up smallerthan its no
26、minal diameter. The overlap is what is left over forexpanding to the pipe wall, (2) in Fig. 1.5.1.3 Toothed StripThe locks that keep the sleeve ex-panded run along the toothed strip, (3) in Fig. 1.5.1.4 LockThe lock is a small set of gears that only movesin one direction, thus keeping the sleeve exp
27、anded, (4) in Fig.1 and Fig. 3. The locking gears are also shown in Fig. 4. Thereare three gears per lock. Six gears per sleeve (two locks persleeve). Two of the gears in the lock ride in the corresponding“teeth” in the sleeve. The third gear is the lock. It allows theother two gears to only move in
28、 a forward direction. All threegears are shielded by a cover. The gears and the shield are allof the same material as the rest of the sleeve. Therefore, allcomponents of the sleeve offer the same design life.Furthermore, the gears are protected by a cover to preventsnagging of waste, or build up of
29、sludge or sediment.5.1.5 Adhesive TapeThe tapes are put on at the factory toprotect the sleeve during transport and prevent it fromunrolling, (5) in Fig. 1.5.2 Rubber Seal:5.2.1 Circumferential SealsThe actual seal is formed bythe circumferential seals compressed against the host pipe. Thedamaged se
30、ction must always be between the sealing knobs,(6) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.5.2.2 Trimming LineThere is a trimming line marked inthe rubber jacket. It shows the installer where to cut off theprojecting rubber end (when a single sleeve is installed), (7) inFig. 2.FIG. 1 Stainless Steel SleeveF3110 1425.2
31、.3 Projecting Rubber EndThe projecting rubber endacts as a seal between sleeves installed in series, (8) in Fig. 2and Fig. 3.6. Pre-installation Inspection and Preparation ofDamaged Pipe6.1 Inspecting the Pipe:6.1.1 Before using the sleeve, the pipe must be inspected toascertain whether it can be re
32、paired with the system. Cleaningand inspection shall be as per NASSCO guidelines for sewagepipes. For other pipes, cleaning and inspection methods that areacceptable to the authority shall be chosen by the installer.There must be at least one access via a manhole or aninspection chamber. The manhole
33、 must have a diameter of atleast 24 in. (600 mm) so that the camera/packer system can beinserted. The manhole flume must also be larger than thosediameters listed in the column titled “V4A pipe rolled dia”shown in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, X1.4 and X1.5 in order toensure insertion of the packer with th
34、e sleeve into the pipe. Forsleeve diameters 32 to 72 in. (800 to 1800 mm) as shown inAppendixes X1.3 and X1.6, and because these sleeves areprovided in 2 or 3 segments, a manhole flume dia of 24 in. (600mm) is sufficient. The interior of the pipeline shall be carefullyinspected to determine the loca
35、tion of any condition that shallprevent proper installation, such as roots, and collapsed orcrushed pipe. These conditions shall be noted. Experiencedpersonnel trained in locating breaks, obstacles, and serviceconnections by closed circuit television shall perform inspec-tion of pipelines.6.2 Prepar
36、ing the Pipe:6.2.1 The pipe to be repaired must always be cleaned witha high-pressure jet, a drag scraper or an equal approved by theowner, the owners representative or the manufacturer, beforeusing the sleeve. Hardened deposits, roots, and protrudingsockets must be removed with suitable milling or
37、cutting tools.No obstacles may restrict movement through the pipe. Theremay not be any solids such as sand, gravel, hardened deposits,or wastewater solids around the damaged area. Joint misalign-ments of more than 0.4 in. (10 mm) must be milled off beforean individual sleeve is installed, or repaire
38、d using two sleeves.Prudent precautionary measures shall be taken before millingmethods are commenced in situations where the structuralintegrity of the existing pipe may be compromised. Theengineer shall conduct a structural condition evaluation andshall set appropriate limits on the depth of milli
39、ng allowed.Depending on the quantity of flow present, bypassing inaccordance with the authoritys requirements may be neces-sary.6.3 Measuring the Internal Diameter of Existing Pipe:6.3.1 Prior to installation, the internal diameter of theexisting pipe to be repaired shall be measured to ascertaincor
40、rect sizing of the sleeve in accordance with the manufac-turers recommendations. Such measurements shall be taken atboth ends of the pipe segment being repaired along bothdiameters: 6 oclock to 12 oclock and 3 oclock to 9 oclockorientations.6.3.2 The above apply to wastewater pipes; when the repairs
41、leeve is used in potable water pressure pipes, a protector sheet,made of high grade stainless steel in accordance with Section2, around the rubber sleeve is needed.7. Equipment and Materials7.1 Equipment:7.1.1 The following equipment is needed for installing thesleeve efficiently: inspection camera
42、or robot with zoom andpan appropriate sleeve packer for the pipe diameter; hollow sleevelink bar for connecting the camera tractor to the packer; ventvalve; a compressor with an output of at least 5.0 bar; an airhose on a drum with a length of at least 330 ft (100 m); a robotcutter for preparatory t
43、asks.7.2 Materials Forming the Sleeve:7.2.1 Stainless Steel:7.2.1.1 The sleeve shall be made of high grade stainlesssteel, in accordance with 316 or 316 L type as specified inSpecification A240, Specification A666 or German V4A stain-less steel of grade 1.4401 or 1.4404. This grade of stainlesssteel
44、 is characterized by its high corrosion resistance. Thesleeve is designed for use in municipal water and wastewatersystems. For use with industrial wastewater or where thewastewater contains high levels of chloride salts, the requiredcorrosion resistance must be ascertained. Stainless steel ofgrade
45、316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of grade1.4401 or 1.4404 may be used up to a chloride concentration of600 mg/l. Higher molybdenum content requirements shall bedetermined by the engineer for chloride concentrations higherthan 600 mg/l. Further dimensional details are given inAppendixes X1.
46、1, X1.2, and X1.3 for pipe sizes 6 to 72 in.(150 to 1800 mm) based on the schematic diagram shown inAppendix X3. Corresponding metric versions are given inAppendixes X1.4, X1.5, and X1.6.7.2.1.2 Before using in industrial, non-municipal wastewa-ter systems, the corrosion resistance of stainless stee
47、l of grade316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or1.4404 and the EPDM sleeve must be verified by the engineer.7.2.1.3 There are three types of sleeves available: non-flared, one end-flared and both ends flared. Non-flared sleevesare mainly used for potable water applications or
48、serialFIG. 2 Locking Gear Mechanism and EPDM Rubber SealsF3110 143installations, followed by one end-flared sleeves. The both endsflared type is used for single installations only.7.2.2 EPDM Rubber:7.2.2.1 EPDM seal shall meet the physical property require-ments for elastomeric materials used in col
49、d water supply,drainage, sewerage and rainwater systems for Type WC inTable 2 of EN 681-1 Hardness Category of 40. Like the steelsleeve, the thermoset polymer EPDM seal is chemicallyresistant to common sewage and potable water. EPDM usuallyoffers desirable physical properties and resistance to aging,ozone, weathering and environmental effects, alkalis, andvarious chemicals. EPDM is, however, unsuitable, or onlysuitable with restrictions for: Solvents, Ethers, esters, ketones,methylene chloride, animal and vegetable fats, oils, fuels,concentrated fr
