1、Designation: G195 08G195 13Standard Guide forConducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Platform Abraser1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers and is intended to assist in establishing procedures for conducting wear tests of rigid or f
3、lexible materialsutilizing the rotary platform, double-head abraser (RPDH).platform abraser.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionEnglishInch-pound units are used when stating rotational speed and
4、determining coating thickness.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations
5、prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C501 Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber AbraserC1353 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform,Double-Head AbraserD1044 Test Method fo
6、r Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface AbrasionD3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Abrader)D3451 Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder CoatingsD3730 Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall CoatingsD3884 Test Method for Abra
7、sion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber AbraserD4685 Test Method for Pile Fabric AbrasionD4712 Guide for Testing Industrial Water-Reducible CoatingsD5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and E
8、longation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)D5144 Guide for Use of Protective Coating Standards in Nuclear Power PlantsD5146 Guide to Testing Solvent-Borne Architectural CoatingsD5324 Guide for Testing Water-Borne Archi
9、tectural CoatingsD6037 Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss CoatingsD7255 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Double-Head Method)F362 Test Method for Determining the Erasability of Inked RibbonsF510 Test Method for Resistance to Abrasion of Resilien
10、t Floor Coverings Using an Abrader with a Grit Feed MethodF1344 Specification for Rubber Floor TileF1478 Test Method for Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Images Produced from Copiers and Printers (Taber Method)F1978 Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Metallic Thermal Spray Coati
11、ngs by Using the Taber AbraserG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion1 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.Current edition approved May 1, 2008July 1, 2013. Published May 2008July
12、 2013. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as G19508. DOI:10.1520/G0195-08.10.1520/G0195-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, re
13、fer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all c
14、hanges accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
15、 United States13. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 abraserwear testing instrument to evaluate abrasion resistance, also referred to as an abrader.3.1.2 abrasion cyclein abrasion testing, one or more movements of the abradant across a material surface, or the materi
16、alsurface across the abradant, that permits a return to its starting position. In the case of the rotary platform abraser test method, itconsists of one complete rotation of the specimen.turntable specimen platform.3.1.3 resurfaceprocedure of cleaning and refreshing the running surface of an abrasiv
17、e wheel prior to use in or during testing.3.2 For definitions of other wear terms used in this test method, guide, refer to Terminology G40.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A specimen is abraded using rotary rubbing action under controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action. The testspecimen, mount
18、ed on a turntable platform, turns on a vertical axis, against the sliding rotation of two abrading wheels. Oneabrading wheel rubs the specimen outward toward the periphery and the other, inward toward the center. center while a vacuumsystem removes wear debris generated during the test. The resultin
19、g abrasion marks form a pattern of crossed arcs over an areaof approximately 30 cm2. Resistance to abrasion is evaluated by various means which are described in Section 12.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test guide provides a means to quantify the abrasion resistance of material surfaces, and may be
20、 related to end-useperformance, or used to comparatively rank material performance, or both. The resistance of material surfaces to abrasion, asmeasured on a testing machine in the laboratory, is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance asexperienced in the actual use o
21、f the material. Other factors may need to be considered in any calculation of predicted life fromspecific abrasion data.5.2 The resistance of material surfaces to abrasion may be affected by factors including test conditions; type of abradant;pressure between the specimen and abradant; mounting or t
22、ension of the specimen; and type, kind, or amount of finishing materials.5.3 Abrasion tests utilizing the rotary platform, double head platform abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in theabradant during the course of specific tests. Depending on abradant type and test specimen, the abr
23、ading wheel surface may change(i.e. become clogged) due to the pick-up of finishing or other materials from test specimens. To reduce this variation, the abradingwheels should be resurfaced at regularly defined intervals. See Appendix X2.5.4 The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may be
24、affected by the method of evaluation and influenced by thejudgment of the operator.6. Apparatus6.1 Rotary Platform, Double-Head (RPDH) Platform Abraser, consisting of the elements described in 6.1.1 to 6.1.5 (see Fig.1). Also referred to as a rotary platform, double head (RPDH) abraser.6.1.1 Aturnta
25、ble specimen platform, which is removable, that includes a rubber pad, clamp plate, centrally located threaded postand nut. When testing flexible specimens, the specimen platform will also include a clamping ring. The turntable shall be motordriven, and mounted so as to produce a circular surface tr
26、avel of a flat specimen in the plane of its surface. The specimen platformshould rotate with no visible wobble. This can be checked with a dial indicator at the top outer edge of the platform to make sureit runs true within 0.5 mm.6.1.2 A motor capable of rotating the turntable platform at a speed o
27、f either 72 6 2 rpm or 60 6 2 rpm.6.1.3 A pair of pivoted arms to which the abrasive wheels and accessory weights or counterweights are attached.6.1.4 A vacuum suction system and vacuum pickup nozzle to remove debris and abrasive particles from the specimen surfaceduring testing. The vacuum suction
28、force shall be 137 millibar (55 in.13.7 kPa (139.7 cm of water column) or greater, as measuredby a vacuum gage at the vacuum pick-up nozzle port. The height of the vacuum pickup nozzle shall be adjustable, and the nozzlewill have two 8 mm openings. openings except in the case of D1044 when 11 mm ope
29、nings are specified. One opening shall bepositioned between the two wheels and over the wear path and the other placed diametrically opposite, with the distance betweenthe axes of the two openings 76.0 6 1.0 mm.6.1.5 A counter to record the number of abrasion cycles (revolutions) made by the turntab
30、le platform.6.2 Abrasive Wheels,3which are attached to the free end of the pivoted arms and are able to rotate freely about horizontalspindles.6.2.1 The wheels shall be 12.7 6 0.3 mm thick and have an external diameter of 51.9 6 0.5 mm when new, and in no case lessthan 44.4 mm. The abrasive wheels a
31、re either resilient or vitrified based, with both types of wheels consisting of hard particles3 The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is Taber Industries, 455 Bryant Street, North Tonawanda, NY 14120. If you are awareof alternative suppliers, please provide t
32、his information toASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee,1 which you may attend.G195 132embedded in a binder material and manufactured in different grades of abrasive quality. Other types of wheels, which do
33、 notinclude hard particles embedded in a binder material, may also be used.used (see X1.4).6.2.2 The internal faces of the abrasive wheels shall be 52.4 6 1.0 mm apart and the hypothetical line through the two spindlesshall be 19.05 6 0.3 mm away from the central axis of the turntable (see Fig. 2).
34、The wheels should be spaced equally on bothsides from the wheel-mounting flange to the center of the specimen holder. The distance from the inside of the wheel mountingflange to the center of the specimen holder shall be 38.9 6 0.5 mm.6.2.3 When resting on the specimen, the wheels will have a periph
35、eral engagement with the surface of the specimen, thedirection of travel of the periphery of the wheels and of the specimen at the contacting portions being at acute angles, and the anglesof travel of one wheel periphery being opposite to that of the other. Motion of the abrasive wheels, in opposite
36、 directions, isprovided by rotation of the specimen and the associated friction therefrom.6.2.4 Prior to testing, ensure the expiration date has not passed for resilient wheels.6.3 Accessory Weights, can be attached to the pivoted arms to increase or decrease the force at which the wheel is presseda
37、gainst the specimen, exclusive of the mass of the wheel itself. Commonly used masses are 250 6 1 g, 500 6 1 g, and 1000 61 g. Accessory weight references are per arm (not combined), and include the mass of the pivoted arm.6.4 Auxiliary Apparatus:6.4.1 Refacing disc, for resurfacing of resilient whee
38、ls. The refacing disc shall be 150 grit silicon carbide coated abrasiveproduct, approximately 102 mm diameter with a 7-mm center hole, such as type S-11 or equivalent.6.4.2 Refacing stone (for example, fine side of ST-113), for resurfacing of CS-10F3 resilient wheels when testing transparentmaterial
39、s.6.4.3 Wheel refacer, with a diamond tool for resurfacing vitrified wheels or correcting out of round wheels.6.4.4 A soft bristle brush, to remove loose particles from the surface of the specimen after testing.6.4.5 Specimen mounting cards, approximately 108 mm round or square with a 7-mm center ho
40、le and one side coated withpressure sensitive adhesive to secure specimens.FIG. 1 Rotary Platform, Double-Head (RPDH) Platform AbraserG195 1337. Specimen Preparation7.1 MaterialsIt is the intent of this test guide to allow for the abrasion testing of any material form, provided it is essentiallyflat
41、. The field of application is varied and includes solid materials, metals, plastics, coated surfaces (for example, paint, lacquer,electroplated), textiles (ranging from sheer silks to heavy upholstery), leather, rubber, linoleum, and the rest.7.1.1 Accepted industry practice should be employed for s
42、pecimen preparation. Specific recommendations for specimenpreparation may be available from theASTM subcommittee responsible for that material. Selection and use should be agreed uponbetween the interested parties.7.2 Specimen ThicknessThe standard material thickness that can be evaluated with the r
43、otary platform abraser is 6.35 mm orless.NOTE 1For materials thicker than 6.35 mm but less than 12.7 mm, an extension nut such as type S-213 or equivalent may be used. Alternatively,an arm height extension kit3 will permit testing of specimens up to 40 mm.7.3 Specimen SizeThe width of the resulting
44、wear path is 12.7 mm, and is located 31.75 mm from the center of the specimen.The size of the specimen may vary depending on the material being evaluated:7.3.1 For most rigid materials, a sample approximately 100 mm square is recommended with a 6.356.5 mm diameter centerhole.7.3.2 Flexible specimens
45、 are typically circular and require the use of the clamp ring. If a mounting card is used, the specimenshould be approximately 105 mm in diameter with a 6.356.5 mm diameter center hole. If no mounting card is used, anapproximately 135 mm specimen is required such that the clamp ring will grip overla
46、pped material. The specimen should includea 6.356.5 mm diameter hole in the center of the specimen. A sample cutter or die has been found useful for preparing flexiblespecimens.7.4 Mounting CardCertain flexible specimens may wrinkle or shift during testing. To prevent this, a mounting card with apre
47、ssure sensitive adhesive may be used. Prior to adhering, clean the back of the specimen with a soft bristle brush to remove anyloose debris. Position the specimen on the card such that the specimen is free of folds, creases, or wrinkles and the center holesalign.FIG. 2 Central Axis of the TurntableG
48、195 1348. Preparation and Set-Up of Apparatus8.1 The following set-up parameters are dependent on the type of material being evaluated and shall be agreed upon by theinterested parties. See Appendix X1 for guidance.8.1.1 Selection of WheelsAbrasive wheels manufactured in different grades are commerc
49、ially available.38.2 Vacuum SuctionThe vacuum suction force should be adjusted to lift the abraded particles, but not lift the specimen.8.3 Vacuum Pickup NozzleThe gap between the vacuum pickup nozzle and the specimen surface should be adjusted after thespecimen has been mounted. A gap of 7 6 1 mm has been found to be sufficient for most materials. On certain rigid materials,a setting of 3 mm has been found to be more effective.8.1 Abrading Wheel LoadingThe mass selected should permit a minimum number of abrasion cycles (i.e. 150) before the endof the test occurs.
