1、Designation: G210 13Standard Practice forOperating the Severe Wastewater Analysis TestingApparatus1This standard is issued under the fixed designation G210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
2、 A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the basic apparatus, procedures,and conditions required to create and maintain the severewastewater analysis te
3、sting apparatus used for testing a pro-tective coating or lining.1.2 This apparatus may simulate the pertinent attributes of atypical domestic severe wastewater headspace (sewer) envi-ronment. The testing chamber comprises two phases: (1)aliquid phase containing a prescribed acid and saline solution
4、,and (2) a vapor phase consisting of air, humidity, and concen-trated sewer gas (Note 1). The temperature of the test chamberis elevated to create accelerated conditions and reaction rates.NOTE 1For the purposes of this practice, sewer gas is composed ofhydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and methane
5、gas.1.3 CautionThis practice can be extremely hazardous.All necessary precautions need to be taken when working withsewer gas, sulfuric acid, and a glass tank. It is highlyrecommended that a professional testing laboratory experi-enced in testing with hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, andmethane gas
6、es perform this practice.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
7、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specifichazards statements are given in Section 8 on Hazards.2. Refer
8、enced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36 Specification for Carbon Structural SteelC307 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Chemical-Resistant Mortar, Grouts, and Monolithic SurfacingsC387 Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materialsfor Mortar and ConcreteC580 Test Method for Flexural Strength a
9、nd Modulus ofElasticity of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts, Mono-lithic Surfacings, and Polymer ConcretesD610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on PaintedSteel SurfacesD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking ofExterior PaintsD6
10、61 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Cracking ofExterior PaintsD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD2370 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coat
11、-ingsD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Adhesion TestersD6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by KnifeD7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of DryFilm Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied toFerrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-ings Applie
12、d to Non-Ferrous MetalsG193 Terminology and Acronyms Relating to Corrosion1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on Corrosionof Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.05 on LaboratoryCorrosion Tests.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October
13、 2013. DOI: 10.1520/G0210-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 10
14、0 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped-ance Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance CoatedSamples. Part 1: Terms and DefinitionsISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped-anc
15、e Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance CoatedSamples. Part 2: Collection of DataISO 16773 Paints- and Varnishes- Electrochemical Imped-ance Spectroscopy (EIS) on High Impedance CoatedSamples. Part 3: Processing and Analysis of Data fromDummy Cells3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to Th
16、is Standard:3.1.1 domestic wastewater, nwastewater discharged fromresidences and from commercial, institutional, and similarfacilities.3.1.2 sewer headspace, nthe air space between the watersurface and the top of the pipe (crown) or other enclosedstructure.3.2 For definitions of terms used in this p
17、ractice, seeTerminology G193.4. Summary of Practice4.1 The corrosion protection of steel, ductile iron, andconcrete by a protective coating or lining may be altered byexposure to sewer gases and by the composition of thecorrosive reagents found in headspace environments of domes-tic wastewater conve
18、yance and treatment structures.44.2 This practice provides a controlled corrosiveenvironment, which has been utilized to produce a simulatedsevere sewer headspace condition by wetting the coatedsamples in a cyclic fashion with a corrosive solution and thenexposing the samples to air containing sewer
19、 gas. This condi-tion is responsible for reducing the barrier properties ofprotective coatings and linings.4.3 Test specimens are positioned on a carousel and placedinside an airtight testing apparatus (chamber) maintained at atemperature of 150 6 5F (65 6 3C). The chamber containsa prescribed aqueo
20、us solution (liquid phase) at the bottom anda headspace (vapor phase) containing sewer gas. The testspecimens are immersed into liquid phase for a period of 15min each. After immersion, the specimens are exposed to thevapor phase the balance of the time. This constitutes onecomplete cycle with three
21、 cycles occurring per day. This cyclicexposure continues for a period of 28 days.4.4 The specified operating temperature, aqueous solution,sewer gases, and duration parameters are considered thestandard for the purposes of this practice. The specificationsmay be adjusted to replicate specific enviro
22、nments if mutuallyagreed upon between the client and testing facility. Anydeviations from this practice shall be reported.5. Significance and Use5.1 Domestic wastewater headspace environments are cor-rosive due to the presence of sewer gases and sulfuric acidgenerated during the biogenic sulfide cor
23、rosion process.5Thisoperating procedure provides an accelerated exposure to sewergases and concentration of sulfuric acid commonly producedby bacteria within these sewer environments.65.2 The results obtained by the use of this practice can be ameans for estimating the protective barrier qualities o
24、f aprotective coating or lining for use in severe sewer conditions.5.3 Some protective coatings or linings may not withstandthe exposure temperature specified in this practice but havedemonstrated satisfactory performance in actual sewerexposures, which are at lower temperatures.6. Apparatus6.1 The
25、testing apparatus consists of the following:6.1.1 Glass TankMinimum diameter 16 by 12 in. (40 by30 cm) tall. The glass tank, when fitted with a polypropylenelid (tank cover) and elastomeric seal, creates an air-tight testchamber. The glass tank is inert to the aggressive reagents atthe testing tempe
26、rature. The glass tank shall be transparent topermit visual examination of the test specimens throughoutspecified testing duration.6.1.2 Polypropylene LidOctagon or round shaped, mini-mum 1 in. (2.54 cm) thick by 18 in. (46 cm) span. Thepolypropylene lid has a 1.5 in. (3.81 cm) diameter center portt
27、o accommodate the shaft of the sample carousel. The shaftslides through an O-ring seal which is secured and tensionedwith a polypropylene fitting (Note 2). The shaft slides easily upand down through the O-ring seal while preventing the releaseof test gases. Silicone grease lubricant can be used to f
28、acilitatemovement of the shaft.NOTE 2Polypropylene has been found to be an acceptable material forthis service. Other materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) orpolyetheretherketone (PEEK) may also provide acceptable service.6.1.2.1 The polypropylene lid is designed with two ports forfittin
29、gs, which accommodate inlet and outlet lines.6.1.2.2 The side of the polypropylene lid which faces intothe tank has a circular, shallow 1-in. (2.54-cm) wide groove.The groove accommodates a suitable corrosion resistant elas-tomeric seal (gasket) required to seal the lid of the glass tank.6.1.2.3 The
30、 polypropylene lid also includes eight equally-spaced holes along the outer edge to accommodate eightthreaded rod fasteners with wing nuts, nuts, and washers. Theeight threaded rods connect the polypropylene lid to a solid,chemical resistant base plate made of laminated wood or3Available from Intern
31、ational Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. dela Voie-Creuse, CP 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:/www.iso.org.4ODea, V. et al., “Testing Permeation Resistance in Coatings for WastewaterStructures,” Journal of Protective Coatings and Linings, September 2010, pp.1628.5ODea, V., “Un
32、derstanding Biogenic Sulfide Corrosion,” MaterialsPerformance, November 2007, pp. 3639.6ODea, V. et al, “Assessing Coatings biogenic sulfide corrosion; hydro-gen sulfide gas; protective coatings; protective linings; severewastewater analysis tests; sewer corrosion; sewer gases; sewertesting; test ch
33、ambers; wastewater; wastewater gasesAPPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TESTING SPECIMENSX1.1 GeneralX1.1.1 A variety of testing specimens may be used in thispractice. Specimens constructed of coated steel, coated ductileiron, coated concrete, cast coating materials, or coating freefilms are com
34、monly used to assess the polymers performanceand barrier qualities.X1.1.2 It is important that the test specimens be smooth,completely-continuous films or castings of uniform thicknessthroughout the test area. The coating thickness shall not varyby more than 10 % of the total thickness recommended b
35、y themanufacturer.X1.1.3 All coating materials to be tested or compared shallbe applied to the same type and grade of substrate for a giventest series.X1.1.4 The size and shape of the test specimens may vary toconform to the dimensions of the chamber. The total weightshall not exceed the capabilitie
36、s of the carousel. Examples ofuseful specimen types and dimensions are described below.X1.2 Steel SpecimensX1.2.1 For each coating to be tested, abrasive blast cleanfour Specification A36 hot-rolled flat steel panels, minimumsize3by4by18 in. (7.5 by 10 by 0.32 cm) to the surfacecleanliness and ancho
37、r profile recommended by the coatingmanufacturer.X1.2.2 Apply the candidate coating or lining system at therecommended thickness to the front and back of the panels.Dip the edges (sides, top, bottom) using the candidate coatingsystem (or other compatible material) to protect the edges fromcorrosion
38、break-through.X1.2.3 Test specimens shall provide a minimum of 24 in.2(61 cm2) front and back of coated surface area.G210 135X1.2.4 Steel test specimens are convenient when changes inbarrier properties of coatings are to be determined using theEIS technique (ISO 16773).7X1.3 Concrete SpecimensX1.3.1
39、 For each coating to be tested, cast four concretecylinders using minimum 5000 psi (34 MPa) compressivestrength Portland Type 1 design mix conforming to Specifica-tion C387. The cylinders are to be a minimum size of 112 by4 in. (4 cm diameter by 10 cm tall). Abrasive blast clean theconcrete cylinder
40、s as recommended by the coating manufac-turer.X1.3.2 Apply recommended resurfacing material to fillbugholes and surface irregularities of the concrete specimensas recommended by the coating manufacturer.X1.3.3 Apply the candidate coating or lining system at therecommended thickness to all surfaces,
41、taking care to ensuregood coverage of edges.X1.4 Mechanical Testing SpecimensX1.4.1 Tensile TestingFor each coating to be tested, casttwo sets of the minimum number of samples specified by theASTM standard using the candidate coating or lining inaccordance with Test Methods C307, D638,orD2370.X1.4.2
42、 Flexural TestingCast two sets of the minimumnumber of samples specified by the ASTM standard using thecandidate coating or lining in accordance with Test MethodC580 or Test Method D790.X2. METHOD FOR EVALUATING TEST SPECIMEN PERFORMANCEX2.1 GeneralX2.1.1 Various testing procedures are available for
43、 assess-ing the performance of coated samples and free film samplesunder test cabinet conditions. The method selected may varydepending upon the nature of the coating and the substrate towhich it is applied. Meaningful performance data is bestobtained from a comparison of test results observed onref
44、erence panels to results observed on test panels.X2.1.2 The following test methods have been used forevaluation of the performance of the coatings exposed to testcabinet conditions. Report the results as designated by thestandard test methods.X2.2 Steel or Ductile Iron PanelsX2.2.1 Label and take a
45、picture of each test panel (includingthe front and back).X2.2.2 Describe the color, appearance, (that is, rough,smooth, irregular) and any abnormalities.X2.2.3 Measure the dry-film-thickness of the coating inaccordance with Practice D7091.X2.2.4 Evaluate blistering using Test Method D714.X2.2.5 Eval
46、uate rusting using Practice D610.X2.2.6 Evaluate checking using Test Method D660.X2.2.7 Evaluate cracking using Test Method D661.X2.2.8 Measure coating impedance with ElectrochemicalImpedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Analysis using the methods ofISO 16773 Parts 1 to 3.7X2.2.9 Measure tensile adhesion usin
47、g Test Method D4541.X2.2.10 Measure knife adhesion using Test Method D6677or other standard methods. Other non-standard knife adhesionmethods are also acceptable if the procedure is fully docu-mented in the report.X2.3 Concrete SpecimensX2.3.1 Label and take a picture of each test panel (includingth
48、e front and back).X2.3.2 Describe the color, appearance (that is, rough,smooth, irregular) and any abnormalities.X2.3.3 Evaluate blistering using Test Method D714.X2.3.4 Evaluate checking using Test Method D660.X2.3.5 Evaluate cracking using Test Method D661.X2.3.6 Measure tensile adhesion using Tes
49、t Method D4541.X2.3.7 Measure knife adhesion using Test Method D6677or other standard methods. Other non-standard knife adhesionmethods are also acceptable if the procedure is fully docu-mented in the report.X2.3.8 Evaluate test cabinet fluid penetration of the coatingusing the following method:X2.3.8.1 Cut cross sections of the coating film at fiverandomly selected points in the samples using a very sharputility knife. Alternatively, the cross sections of hard or brittlecoatings can be created by chilling the coating (if necessary)and fracturing the coating by ben
