1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-0100510.1999(R2013) Digital Services for Rates Up to and Including DS3-Specifications As a leading technology and solutions development organization, ATIS brings together the top global ICT companies to advance the industrys most-pressing busin
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15、r Telecommunications Industry SolutionsAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.Printed in the United States of AmericaiContentsPageForeword ii1 Scope and purpose 12
16、Normative references . 13 Definitions. 24 Reference model 35 Derivation of end-to-end objectives 46 Performance objectives 57 Test design. 68 Service performance testing. 8Tables1 Long-term accuracy objectives. 52 Availability objectives 63 Thresholds and intervals 84 Criteria for 56/64 kbit/s tests
17、. 95 Test limits and objectives for 56/64 kbit/s service 106 Criteria for 1.544 Mbit/s test . 117a Test limits and objectives for 1.544 Mbit/s service . 117b Test limits and objectives for 1.544 Mbit/s service (enhanced) 128 Criteria for 44.736 Mbit/s tests 129 Test limits and objectives for 44.736
18、Mbit/s service . 13Figure1 Reference Model 3AnnexesA Pattern sensitivity tests. 14B Derivation of sequential test limits 16C Mapping between performance parameters (Non-intrusive measurements) . 28D Bibliography 29iiForeword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard T1.510-1999.)This
19、American National Standard provides a standard for Dedicated Digital Commu-nication Services specifications. This document provides numerical specificationsand allocations for the parameters and tests discussed in a companion document.These standards provide the means to verify the performance of de
20、dicated digitalservices operating at 56/64 kbit/s, 1.544 Mbit/s and 44.736 Mbit/s rates. Services atmultiples (N) of 64 kbit/s are not covered in this standard.This standard was prepared by Working Group T1A1.3 of Committee T1.There are four annexes in this standard. Annexes A-D are informative and
21、are notconsidered part of this standard.Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sentto the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, T1 Secretariat, 1200 GStreet, NW, Suite 500, Washington DC 20005.This standard was processed and approved for submittal
22、to ANSI by the AccreditedStandards Committee on Telecommunications, T1. Committee approval of this stan-dard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. Atthe time it approved this standard, the T1 Committee had the following members:Gerald H. Peterson, ChairmanE. R
23、aymond Hapeman, Vice-ChairmanSusan M. Carioti, T1 DisciplinesSteve D. Barclay, T1 SecretaryDavid Brady, Technical EditorOrganization Represented Name of RepresentativeEXCHANGE CARRIERSAmeritech . Fred KujawskiLily X. Vujic (Alt.)AT2) transition to the Available state occurs at the beginning of 10 co
24、nsecutive seconds, none of which is a SES.3.4 bipolar with eight zero substitution (B8ZS): An AMI line code with the substitution of a unique code toreplace occurrences of eight consecutive zero signal elements. Each block of eight successive zeros is replacedby 000V0VB, where B represents an insert
25、ed non-zero signal element conforming to the AMI rule, and V repre-sents an inserted non-zero signal element that is a bipolar violation (violates the AMI rule see T1.102).3.5 bit error ratio (BER): The ratio of the number of bit errors to the total number of bits transmitted in agiven time interval
26、.3.6 cyclic redundancy check (CRC): A method of checking the integrity of received data, where the checkuses a polynomial algorithm based on the content of the data (see T1.403).3.7 errored second (ES): A 1-second interval with one or more bit errors (see T1.503).NOTE A period of loss of signal shal
27、l be considered a period of errored bits.3.8 error free second (EFS): A 1-second interval in which no bit errors are received.NOTE In general, measurement is over time and is stated as a percentage, i.e., %EFS.3.9 DS1 Frame: A 1.544 Mbit/s signal structure consisting of a set of 192 information digi
28、t time slots, pre-ceded by a one digit time slot containing the frame (F) bit, for a total of 193 digit time slots (T1.403).3.10 DS1 Superframe (SF): A sequence of twelve consecutive DS1 frames, for a total of 2316 digit time slots(see T1.403).3.11 DS1 Extended Superframe (ESF): A sequence of twenty
29、-four consecutive DS1 frames, for a total of4632 digit time slots (see T1.403).3.12 Inter-Network Interface (INI): The point of demarcation between networks when service is providedacross multiple networks (see T1.503).NOTE Where a Point of Termination (POT) exists, it coincides with an INI.3.13 Net
30、work Interface (NI): The point of demarcation between the service provider facilities and the cus-tomers installation, which establishes the technical interface and division of operational responsibility (see T1.503).NOTE Customer, in this definition, refers to the end user.T1.510-199933.14 pseudo-r
31、andom binary sequence (PRBS): A binary sequence that approximates a random signal. ThePRBS pattern is 2n-1 bits in length and generates every combination of n-bit words.3.15 quasi-random signal (QRS): A Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) with a constraint to limit themaximum number of sequential z
32、eros occurring in the pattern.NOTE See IEEE 1007 and T1.403 for details on specific QRS patterns.3.16 severely errored second (SES): A 1-second interval having a Bit Error Ratio of 103or worse (seeT1.503).NOTES1) A period of loss of signal shall be considered a period of errored bits.2) For in-servi
33、ce measurement of an SES condition see annex C.3) ITU-T Recommendation G.826 contains a block-based definition of SES for 44.736 Mbit/s service which is not relatedto 103BER.4 Reference modelThe performance of dedicated digital networks shall be specified in terms of the reference model in figure 1.
34、 End-to-end performance shall be specified from NI-to-NI with performance allocated for NI-to-INI (access) and INI-to-INI (transit). For point-to-multipoint configurations (figure 1-b), the point-to-point reference model shall apply. Sinceconnections may or may not span multiple networks, INIs are s
35、hown with dashed lines. For intra-network connec-tions (no INIs), end-to-end performance shall apply. Since dedicated digital services are characterized by estab-lished connections (i.e., no access or disengagement phases) with a constant rate of data transfer, the referenceevents on which performan
36、ce is evaluated consist solely of user information bits crossing a network interface.There may be arrangements in which multiple providers are used to provide a network segment. Further informa-tion regarding the impact of network subdivision with multiple providers may be found in the T1 Technical
37、Report#51.a) Point-to-point dedicated digital serviceFigure 1 - Reference Model (continued)T1.510-19994NOTE The multipoint node can be located within either the Access or Transit segments of the network.b) Point-to-multipoint dedicated digital serviceNOTES1) NI Network Interface2) INI Inter-Network
38、Interface: INIs are only present when the service is provided across multiple networks.3) Where a point of termination (POT) exists, it will coincide with an INI.Figure 1 - Reference Model (concluded)5 Derivation of end-to-end objectivesBecause of the variability of performance, objectives must be d
39、etermined with due consideration of the statisticaldistribution of the impairments in the individual provider portions. In general, error performance distributions havetwo components:1) a Poisson-like distributed background bit error rate;2) episodes of clustered error events superimposed on the bac
40、kground bit error rate.Most modern digital systems have been engineered such that the Poisson component is low relative to objectives.The episodic component is difficult to model, but for todays architecture, facilities and equipment, certain statisticalproperties are observed.There are a large frac
41、tion of days which are error free and a wide variation in the number of ES or SES on dayswith errors. Since there is a low probability that all provider portions would simultaneously operate at the worst endof their individual performance distribution, it follows that the end-to-end performance obje
42、ctives will be greaterthan the largest objective among the provider portions, but less than the linear sum of the objectives of all portions.The end-to-end objective in each case was chosen between these bounds according to current network behavior.For example, in the case where the objectives are a
43、ll the same on all three portions, an end-to-end objective equalto a factor 2 times the objective on the individual provider portions was chosen.T1.510-199956 Performance objectivesAccuracy and availability objectives provide a measure for evaluating performance of digital services. They can beused
44、as an aid in designing, developing, and maintaining the networks providing digital services, and also shouldbe considered in the design of terminal equipment and service applications.6.1 RationaleLong-term objectives are provided for the performance parameters defined in T1.503 for dedicated digital
45、 servicesbased on the longest and most complex circuits. Services in aggregate provided in accordance with this standardshould perform better than the long-term objective. However, individual circuit performance may vary as a result offactors such as technology mix, geographic factors, isolated even
46、ts, etc., and may be time variant (i.e., could ex-ceed objectives one or two days per month).Enhanced performance capability for 1.544 Mbit/s service may be available locally through the use of computerbased services/systems using Forward Error Correction or transport technologies such as fiber-opti
47、c based sys-tems.Many factors were taken into account in deriving these objectives: customer needs, analytical estimates of per-formance, empirically observed network performance, performance requirements of the service and its applica-tions, and the practicality of implementing and maintaining a de
48、sired quality of service.Direct determination of compliance with the performance objectives requires long test periods; therefore, the long-term objectives are used to derive limits for timed tests.6.2 Accuracy objectivesLong-term (i.e., 30 or more days) accuracy performance objectives are stated in
49、 terms of the parameters providedin table 1. Errored Seconds (ES) and Severely Errored Seconds (SES) characterize the transmission quality of theservice and are used in the test limits. Specific intervals and values are identified in clause 8.The long-term accuracy objectives are expressed as a percentage because they apply over long periods of time(i.e., 30 or more days). For convenience, these values may be converted to a mean number of events/day by mul-tiplication by 864 (86 400 sec/day 100). For example, access and transit objectives for 56/64 kbit/s service e
