1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ATIS-0600318.2016 Electrical Protection Applied to Telecommunications Network Plant at Entrances to Customer Structures or Buildings As a leading technology and solutions development organization, the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutio
2、ns (ATIS) brings together the top global ICT companies to advance the industrys most pressing business priorities. ATIS nearly 200 member companies are currently working to address the All-IP transition, 5G, network functions virtualization, big data analytics, cloud services, device solutions, emer
3、gency services, M2M, cyber security, network evolution, quality of service, billing support, operations, and much more. These priorities follow a fast-track development lifecycle from design and innovation through standards, specifications, requirements, business use cases, software toolkits, open s
4、ource solutions, and interoperability testing. ATIS is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The organization is the North American Organizational Partner for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), a founding Partner of the oneM2M global initiative, a member of and
5、major U.S. contributor to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), as well as a member of the Inter-American Telecommunication Commission (CITEL). For more information, visit www.atis.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Approval of an American National Standard requires review by ANSI that the r
6、equirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial ag
7、reement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any
8、 respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an in
9、terpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor w
10、hose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchas
11、ers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Notice of Disclaimer Secondary protection applied on the customer side of the demarcation point; Primary protection specifically designed for broadband
12、 applications (see ATIS 0600338); Specific EMI mitigation designs; Surge protective devices applied to the serving ac power mains; Specifications for primary protectors (see IEEE C62.36, GR-974-CORE, and GR-3154-CORE1); Telecommunications central offices and similar facilities (see ATIS-06003131); T
13、elecommunications outside plant (see ATIS-06003161); Radio tower sites (see ATIS-06003341); Marinas; Recreational vehicles; Telecommunications network plant serving electric power stations including substations and power generation facilities (see IEEE 4871and IEEE 15901). 1.3 Application of Electri
14、cal Protection The need for electrical protection is based on the electrical environment of the customer location, the telecommunications network plant, and the commercial ac power plant serving the customer. This standard defines, based on the electrical environment, the criteria necessary to deter
15、mine when electrical protection is required. The electrical protection, bonding, and grounding measures presented in this standard shall be used where electrical protection is required. Electrical protection measures exceeding those presented in this standard may be required by the authority having
16、jurisdiction. 1See Annex A, bibliography, for more information on this standard. ATIS-0600318.2016 2 2 Normative References The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the edit
17、ions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. C2-2012, NESC National electrical safety code.2IEE
18、E 81-2012, Guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance and earth surface potentials of a grounding system.3IEEE 100-2000, IEEE 100, The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms, 7th Edition.3IEEE 367-2012, Recommended practice for determining the electric power station ground pot
19、ential rise and induced voltage from a power fault.3NFPA 70-2014, National electrical code (NEC).2NFPA 780-2014, Standard for the installation of lightning protection systems.23 Definitions, Acronyms, or to power contacts, power induction, or differences in ground potential any of which exceed 300 V
20、 rms to ground. 2Available from the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) at: . 3Available from IEEE Operations Center at: . ATIS-0600318.2016 3 3.1.8 Fuse Link: A fine gauge section of wire or cable that serves as a fuse (i.e., open-circuits to interrupt the current should it become excessive
21、) and that electrically coordinates with communications cable, wire plant, and the primary protector provided by the communications utility. 3.1.9 Fused Primary Protector: A device consisting of an arrester connected between each telecommunications line conductor and ground, a fuse in series with ea
22、ch line conductor, and an appropriate mounting arrangement. 3.1.10 Fuseless Primary Protector: A device consisting of an arrester connected between each telecommunications conductor and ground, and an appropriate mounting arrangement. 3.1.11 Joint-Use Aerial Plant: Aerial telecommunications and powe
23、r plant utilizing the same structure, such as poles. 3.1.12 Joint Random Buried Plant: Telecommunications network plant that is directly buried in the same trench with power conductors, with no restriction regarding minimum separation between the two systems. 3.1.13 Metallic Member: A non-communicat
24、ions metallic cable component such as a shield, vapor barrier, or strength member. 3.1.14 Optical Fiber Cable: A communications cable containing optical fibers as the primary transmission medium. The cable may contain metallic or nonmetallic members and metallic pairs. 3.1.15 Paired-Conductor Cable:
25、 A communications cable containing paired metallic conductors as the transmission medium. The cable usually contains a metallic shield. 3.1.16 Primary Protector: A protective device placed on telecommunications conductors in accordance with NFPA 70 (NEC). 3.1.17 Protector: A device consisting of one
26、 or more protector units intended to limit abnormal surges on communications circuits using metallic conductors. The device includes the mounting assembly used to physically support a single or multiple protector units. 3.1.18 Protector Unit: A device to protect against either over-voltage or over-c
27、urrent, or both. The unit may contain carbon arresters, gas tubes, solid state devices, heat coils, PTC or ECL devices, or a combination of these components for a specific application. 3.1.19 Remote Earth: That distant point on the earths surface where an increase in the distance from a ground elect
28、rode will not measurably increase the impedance between that ground electrode and the new distant point. This is the point beyond which further reduction in ground electrode or grid impedance results in negligible effects. 3.1.20 Rural Wire: Communications wire intended for aerial distribution in ru
29、ral exchange areas. It typically contains two parallel, 14 AWG, 30-percent conductivity, extra-high-strength copper-steel conductors, insulated with high-density black polyethylene. For some applications, a C-Rural wire with a larger (12 AWG) copper clad steel conductor may be used (see Telcordia GR
30、-492-CORE). 3.1.21 Sneak Current Protection: Application of a protective device that is intended to limit currents that are too small to operate fuse links, stub cables, or the fuse of a fused primary protector. 3.1.22 Station: Telecommunications equipment such as a telephone set, FAX machine, or da
31、ta set used on the customer premises. 3.1.23 Telecommunications Network Plant (Outside Plant): That portion of the telecommunications network that is normally located outside of buildings. It may consist of aerial, buried, or underground facilities and associated terminals, closures, pedestals, and
32、supporting structures. Some telecommunications network plant such as incoming terminating cables or network terminating wire may appear on or within customer structures or buildings. 3.1.24 Zone of Influence (ZOI): An area around a ground electrode bounded by points of specified equal potential resu
33、lting from the voltage drop through the earth between the ground electrode and remote earth. 3.1.25 Zone Of Protection: The space adjacent to a lightning protection system that is substantially immune to direct lightning strokes. ATIS-0600318.2016 4 3.2 Acronyms Contact with electric power circuits;
34、 Ground potential rise; Electromagnetic induction from electric power lines. Each of these is described below. 4.1.1 Lightning Disturbances Lightning can result in disturbances to the telecommunications network plant by either a direct strike or by a strike near the plant that results in coupling of
35、 some of the lightnings radiated and conducted effects into the power lines or the telecommunications cables. Telecommunications network plant serving a customers structure or building is not immune to lightning exposure solely because it is located below the earths surface. A buried or underground
36、telecommunications service wire or cable can become a conductor of some portion of the lightning currents resulting from nearby strokes to the earth. A determination of the exposure status of the customers structure shall take into account both the exposure of the structure itself as well as the out
37、side plant cables that serve them. One way to determine the level of exposure is the use of the “Lightning Risk Assessment” in NFPA 780 (Annex L). ATIS-0600318.2016 5 4.1.2 Contact with Electric Power Circuits Power and telecommunications companies often serve the same customer structures or buildin
38、gs. Both companies frequently employ joint-use or common facilities such as poles for aerial plant or a common trench for buried plant. Clearances and separations for joint-use facilities are regulated by either ANSI C2 (NESC) or local codes. Contact may result from a falling phase conductor in aeri
39、al plant, or a dig-in into buried plant. 4.1.3 Ground Potential Rise (GPR) During normal conditions, the power systems grounded neutral conductor is at the same potential as remote earth. GPR may occur during a power fault when the fault current returns to the source through the earth. During fault
40、conditions the potential at the local ground of the telecommunications network plant can rise with respect to remote earth. IEEE 367 defines GPR as the product of a ground electrode impedance, referenced to remote earth, and the current that flows through that electrode impedance. Note that this def
41、inition applies to GPR produced from either a power line to ground fault or GPR produced by lightning. 4.1.4 Electromagnetic (Power) Induction Power and telecommunications network outside plant serving customer structures or buildings often occupy parallel routes as a result of joint supporting stru
42、ctures or common rights-of-way. The electromagnetic field produced by currents in a nearby power line may result in large voltages being introduced into the telecommunications network outside plant through inductive coupling, especially under conditions on the power facility such as a phase-to-neutr
43、al fault. 4.2 Classification of Exposure at Customer Structures The telecommunications network plant is exposed to possible power contact or induction in excess of 300 volts rms to ground; The customer structure or building is exposed to possible ground potential rise in excess of 300 volts rms with
44、 respect to remote earth. When exposure to power contact greater than 300 volts rms to ground exists, a fuse link shall be applied in the telecommunications network plant in addition to the primary protector. A fuse link shall also be applied where the customer structure or building is served by a n
45、on-MGN commercial power distribution system and is subject to ground potential rise in excess of 300 volts rms. 5.1.1 National Electrical Code Considerations NFPA 70 (NEC) distinguishes between optical fiber cables that contain metallic pairs and those that do not. Those that contain metallic pairs
46、are treated as communication cables per Article 800; those containing no metallic pairs are treated as optical fiber cables per Article 770. Articles 770 and 800 of NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, cover the installation of telecommunications facilities at customers structures or buildings. Howeve
47、r, NFPA 70 does not cover installations of communication equipment under the exclusive control of communication utilities, located outdoors or in building spaces used exclusively for such installations (see NFPA 70, Article 90.2 (B) (4). Grounding requirements are covered in Articles 250 and 800 of
48、NFPA 70. Requirements of the most recent edition of NFPA 70 shall be met except where superseded by local electrical codes. 5.2 Grounding Grounding of metallic members provides a means for reducing unwanted surges (lightning, ac power influences). 5.3 Bonding The objective of bonding is to equalize
49、potential between conductive parts such as between communications and ac power service grounds, or between metallic members of multiple telecommunications cables entering a customer location. ATIS-0600318.2016 8 5.4 Primary Protectors Primary protectors help to limit the voltage difference (transverse or longitudinal) between the conductors of a telecommunications pair and ground by providing a path to ground when the operating voltage of the primary protector is reached. Primary protectors are equipped with carbon block, gas tube, or solid st
