1、Report No. 49 A Technical ReportonAugust 1996 Guidelines to SupportPersonal Communications Services (PCS) Accounting ManagementPrepared byT1M1.5Working GroupManagement ServicesSub-Working GroupCommittee T1 is sponsored by the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry SolutionsAccredited by American N
2、ational Standards InstituteA TECHNICAL REPORT ONGUIDELINES TO SUPPORTPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES (PCS)ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENTDocument T1M1.5/95-011R4Prepared byT1M1.5 Working GroupCopyright 1996 by the Alliance for Telecommunications IndustrySolutionsAll rights reserved.No part of this publicatio
3、n may be reproduced in anyform, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without prior written permission of the publisher.iContentsPage1. SCOPE AND PURPOSE12. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER DOCUMENTS13. DEFINITIONS34. ABBREVIATIONS65. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT86. GUIDELINES FOR PCS ACC
4、OUNTING MANAGEMENT.137. ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES.168. ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN THE TMN ENVIRONMENT.189. DATA ELEMENTS FOR PCS ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT2510. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOGICAL NETWORK RESOURCES AND DATAELEMENTS4111. APPENDIX A43Tables:TABLE 1: PCS AM FUNCTION SETS RELATIONSH
5、IP TO Q AND X INTERFACES.13TABLE 2: CHRONOLOGY CATEGORY COMPARISON.26TABLE 3: USAGE MEASUREMENT CATEGORY COMPARISON.27TABLE 4: DIGITS CATEGORY COMPARISON28TABLE 5: IDENTIFIER CATEGORY COMPARISON30TABLE 6: LOCATION IDENTIFIERS CATEGORY COMPARISON.32TABLE 7: NETWORK RESOURCES CATEGORY COMPARISON.33TAB
6、LE 8: FEATURES AND SERVICES CATEGORY COMPARISON35TABLE 9: CHARGING AND RATING CATEGORY COMPARISON36TABLE 10: FLAGS CATEGORY COMPARISON37TABLE 11: EXISTING REQUIREMENTS COMPARISON FOR THREE FRAMEWORKS.39TABLE 12: DATA ELEMENT REQUIREMENTS UNIQUE TO PCS43TABLE 13: DATA ELEMENT REQUIREMENTS UNIQUE TO P
7、CS43TABLE 14: DATA ELEMENTS USED BY GSM NOT CONTAINED IN TABLE 11.45FIGURES:FIGURE 1: THE ACCOUNTING PROCESS9FIGURE 2: PCS REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE.15FIGURE 3: CENTRALIZED USAGE RECORD GENERATION.16FIGURE 4: DISTRIBUTED USAGE RECORD GENERATION17FIGURE 5: AMA PROCESS MODEL AND THE TMN ENVIRONMENT18FIGU
8、RE 6: GSM USAGE DATA COLLECTION AND TMN REFERENCE POINTS.19FIGURE 7: DMH REFERENCE MODEL.19FIGURE 8: DMH CLUSTER MODELS21FIGURE 9: DATA EXCHANGE NETWORKING22iiFIGURE 10: TMN REFERENCE POINTS AND FUNCTIONS.23FIGURE 11: TMN FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE FOR DATA MESSAGE HANDLING23FIGURE 12: TMN LAYERS AND D
9、MH CLUSTERS - AN EXAMPLE.24iiiForewordThis Technical Report provides Guidelines to support Personal Communications Services(PCS) Accounting Management development and deployment.Suggestions for improvement of this Technical Report will be welcome. They should besent to the T1 Secretariat, c/o Allian
10、ce for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, 1200G Street, NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20005.P. A. Johnson, ChairmanJ. McDonough, Vice-ChairmanC. D. Harris, SecretaryPaul Hughes, Senior EditorLinda Garbanati and Michael Fargano, Technical Editors1Guidelines to Support Personal Communications Serv
11、ices(PCS) Accounting Management1. Scope and Purpose1.1 ScopeThis guideline document addresses the basic principles of accounting management, describing the managementaspects of PCS accounting including a framework architecture for accounting management, data element definitionsand relevance to downs
12、tream applications, and provides the association between logical PCS network resourcesand data elements. This Technical Report (TR) also identifies data requirements for PCS accountingmanagement. Use of these data elements to describe usage within a network may place additional requirements onthe ac
13、counting information signaled or obtained from network elements. This implies that PCS accountingmanagement may place requirements on interfaces such as defined in EIA/TIA Interim Standard IS-41, CellularRadio Telecommunications Intersystem Operations, or in documents such as Bellcores GR-1504-CORE,
14、 LSSGR:Generic Requirements for Wireless Service Provider AMA (A Module of LSSGR, FR-64). This document doesnot address requirements specifically for billing or clearing applications.1.2 PurposeThe purpose of this document is to address guidelines for accounting management (one of the TMN management
15、functional areas) to support Personal Communications Services (PCS). PCS requires the seamless operation ofwireless and wireline networks. Many of the technical issues surrounding the interworking of these two types ofnetworks have been addressed in national and international standards bodies. Curre
16、ntly, PCS is in the earlystages of deployment. The Telecommunications Management Network (TMN) concepts should be used tomanage the PCS Network Elements (NEs). Accounting management involves the real-time generation andcollection of usage data at network elements and the processing and distribution
17、of usage data to downstreamapplications such as billing. Accounting management for PCS is expected to be more complex than accountingmanagement for other technologies because usage data that pertains to the same call may be generated and/orcollected in several networks.2. Relationship to Other Docum
18、entsThis section provides a list of references used to develop this document and lists all relevant and significantsources of information.2.1 Source Documents for Usage Data CategorizationThe following three references were used as source documents for data elements candidates appropriate for usaged
19、ata records exchanges as well as views of architectures suitable for usage data collection.1. EIA/TIA Interim Standard IS-124, Cellular Radio Telecommunications Intersystem Non-signaling DataCommunications Handler (DMH), Telecommunications Industry Association, October, 1993.2. GR-1100-CORE, Bellcor
20、e Automatic Message Accounting Format (BAF) Requirements, Issue 1 Revision 2,(Bellcore, November 1995).3. GSM 12.05, European digital cellular telecommunication system (Phase 2); Subscriber Related Call andEvent Data, Version 4.1.1, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, August, 1995.Techn
21、ical Report No. 4922.2 PCS Terminology and ArchitectureThe next three references provided source material on terminology and functional architecture for PCS.4. TR-34, Network Capabilities, Architectures, and Interfaces for Personal Communications, Alliance forTelecommunications Industry Solutions, 1
22、994.5. TR-23, Personal Communications Terminology, Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, 1993.6. ANSI T1.702-1995, Personal Communications Terminology, American National Standards Institute.7. ANSI T1.704-1996, Stage 2 Service Description for Personal Communications Services - Circuit-
23、ModeBearer Services, American National Standards Institute.2.3 General Accounting Management and PCS Services DocumentsOther national and international documents and standards related to the general subject of accounting managementand PCS services include:8. ITU-T X.742, Recommendation X.742 | ISO/I
24、EC 10164-10, Information Technology - Open SystemsInterconnection - Systems Management: Usage Metering Function, International Telecommunications Union -Telecommunications Standardization Sector, 1995.9. Specification of the Usage Information on the NE/OS Interface, Draft Version 8, EuropeanTelecomm
25、unications Standards Institute, February, 1996.10. GR-2869-CORE, Generic Requirements for Operations Based on the Telecommunications ManagementNetwork (TMN) Architecture, Issue 1, (Bellcore, October 1995).11. GR-2801-CORE, Switching and Signaling Generic Requirements to Support 1.8 GHz PersonalCommu
26、nications Services (PCS) Providers, Issue 1 Revision 1, (Bellcore, July 1995).12. GR-1504-CORE, LSSGR: Generic Requirements for Wireless Service Provider AMA (A Module of LSSGR,FR-64), Issue 1, (Bellcore, June 1994).13. GR-508-CORE, LSSGR: Automatic Message Accounting (AMA) Section 8.1 (A Module of
27、LSSGR, FR-64),Issue 3, (Bellcore, December 1995).14. (A) J-STD-007, Personal Communications Services Air Interface Specification, T1/TIA Joint TechnicalCommittee; (B) IS-651, SS7 Based A-Interface, TIA; (C) IS-652, PCN-to-PCN Intersystem Operations Based onDCS1900, TIA.15. J-STD-008, Personal Statio
28、n-Base Station Compatibility Requirements for 1.8 to 2.0 GHz Code DivisionMultiple Access (CDMA) Personal Communications Systems, Committee T1, 1995.2.4 Other Sources16. T1. 210, American National Standards for Telecommunications Operations, Administration, Maintenance,and Provisioning (OAM Authoriz
29、ation Period - this is used to identify when a re-authentication process must be initiated (i.e.per call, hours/days/weeks, per-agreement, indefinite); Origination Indicator - specifies to what DNs the RTF is allowed to originate (i.e. originationdenied, local calls only, selected NPA-NXX and local
30、calls, etc.). Digits are specified in theOrigination Restriction Destination Digits; Termination Restricted Code - specifies what DNs may call the RTF (i.e. termination denied,unrestricted, restricted to sent paid calls, etc.); Call Features Indicator - specifies what services are allowed for this s
31、ubscriber; Carrier Digits - specifies the Carrier Identification Code for the preferred carrier; Voice Mailbox Digits - specifies the DN used in conjunction with the voice mail feature; Call Forwarding Destination Digits - specifies the DN used in conjunction with the call forwardingfeature.3.41 ser
32、vice validation (user): the process by which the network determines whether a user is allowed to receiveservice based on review of the users service profile and account status.3.42 serving entity (*): an RACF, CCF/SSF, or RCF providing the call control adaptation between thewireless access network a
33、nd the RTF is known as the serving entity. See also target entity.Technical Report No. 4963.43 supplementary services data (*): a list of Supplementary Services Data parameters associated withsupplementary services subscribed to by the user. It may include either all supplementary services subscribe
34、d toduring registration or those changed. If contained in the response information flow, it indicates thosesupplementary services not supported by the visited SCF.3.44 target entity: an RACF, CCF/SSF or RCF chosen to become the serving entity after handover.3.45 terminal equipment: supports services
35、 for personal communications users via wireless or wireline access.3.46 terminal identifier: a code identifying a specific terminal.3.47 terminal mobility: the ability of a terminal to access telecommunication services from different locationsand while in motion, and the capability of the network to
36、 identify and locate that terminal.3.48 terminal mobility controller (TMC): an instance of a Signaling Control Function (SCF) functional entitythat provides the service logic for terminal compatibility verification, user registration on a terminal, and otherterminal related functions.3.49 terminal m
37、obility data-store (TMD): maintains data associated with terminals.3.50 terminal registration: the process of associating a terminal with a terminal registration area.3.51 type of bearer service (*): a code indicating the bearer service requested during call setup (e.g., callorigination or call deli
38、very).3.52 universal personal telecommunication (UPT) service: a service which provides personal mobility andservice profile management.3.53 user identity module (UIM): a standard device or functionality providing secure procedures in support ofregistration, authentication, and privacy for wireless
39、access to PCS, which may also be used to facilitate otherservices (e.g., UPT, banking).3.54 validation: the process of verifying that a user or terminal is authorized to access specific services.3.55 wireless access: terminal access to the network which uses wireless technology.3.56 wireline access:
40、 terminal access to the network which uses wireline technology (e.g., conventionaltelephone sets and subscriber lines).4. AbbreviationsThe following lists defines abbreviations used in this technical report.AIN Advanced Intelligent NetworkAM Access ManagerAMA Automatic Message AccountingAoC Advice o
41、f ChargeAR Accountable ResourceBAF Bellcore AMA FormatBIN Billing Identification NumberBML Business Management LayerBRI Basic Rate InterfaceBSS Base Station SystemCCF/SSF Call Control Function/Service Switching FunctionCCIR International Radio Consultative Committee now ITU-RCCITT International Tele
42、graph and Telephone Consultative Committee now ITU-TTechnical Report No. 497CDCP Call Detail Collection PointCDGP Call Detail Generation PointCDIS Call Detail Information SystemCDMA Code Division Multiple AccessCDRP Call Detail Rating PointCIC Carrier Identification CodeDMH Data Message HandlerDTMF
43、Dual Tone Multi-FrequencyEIA Electronic Industries AssociationEML Element Management LayerESN Electronic Serial NumberETSI European Telecommunications Standards InstituteFAX FacsimileFDMA Frequency Division Multiple AccessGR Generic RequirementsGSM Groupe Speciale Mobile or Global System for Mobile
44、CommunicationsHLR Home Location RegisterIC Interexchange CarrierID IdentifierIMEI International Mobile-station Equipment IdentityIMSI International Mobile Subscriber IdentityIN Intelligent NetworkINC International CarrierIS Interim StandardISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkISO International Or
45、ganization for StandardizationISUP ISDN User PartITU International Telecommunication UnionITU-R ITU-Radio communication sector (formerly CCIR)ITU-T ITU-Telecommunication standardization sector (formerly CCITT)MCC Mobile Country CodeMIN Mobile Identification NumberMS Mobile StationMSISDN Mobile Stati
46、on ISDN NumberMSC Mobile Service Switching Center for GSMNANP North American Numbering PlanNBEC Non-Bell Exchange CarrierNE Network ElementNEF Network Element FunctionNML Network Management LayerNPA Numbering Plan AuthorityOAM&P Operations, Administration, Maintenance and ProvisioningOS Operations S
47、ystemOSF Operations System FunctionOSI Open Systems InterconnectionPCS Personal Communications ServicePIN Personal Identification NumberPLMN Public Land Mobile NetworkPMC Personal Mobility ControllerPMD Personal Mobility Data-storePSC PCS Switching CenterPSP PCS Service ProviderPSPID PSP IDentifierP
48、STN Public Switched Telephone NetworkRACF Radio Access Control FunctionRAO Revenue Accounting OfficeRASC Radio Access System ControllerRCF Radio Control FunctionTechnical Report No. 498RF Radio FrequencyRP Radio PortRPC Radio Port ControllerRPI Radio Port IntermediaryRPT Radio Personal TerminalRT Ra
49、dio TerminationRTF Radio Terminal FunctionSCF Service Control FunctionSCP Service Control PointSDL Specification and Description LanguageSMG Special Mobile GroupSML Service Management LayerSMS Short Message ServiceSS Supplementary ServicesSSP Service Switching PointSS7 Signaling System No. 7STP Signal Transfer PointSU Subscriber UnitTA Terminal AdapterTC Technical CommitteeTDMA Time Division Multiple AccessTE Terminal EquipmentTIA Telecommunications Industry AssociationTID Terminal IdentifierTMSI Temporary Mobile Subscriber IdentityTMC Terminal Mobility ControllerTMD Terminal M
