1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 2081-2:1998 ICS 91.140
2、.70 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Closets for use with chemicals Part 2: Specification for permanently installed closetsBS 2081-2:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering,
3、was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 1998 BSI 1998 First published December 1978 Second edition May 1981 Third edition December 1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/505/40 Draft for c
4、omment 96/105600 DC ISBN 0 580 28220 1 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/505, Wastewater engineering, to Subcommittee B/505/40, Wastewater tr
5、eatment plants, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Precast Concrete Federation Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Management Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (Building Research Establishment) Institution of Civil Engineers Water Services A
6、ssociation of England and Wales The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: The Caravan Club Individual Manufacturers Inland Waterways Association National Caravan CouncilBS 2081-2:1998 BSI 1998 i Contents Page Committees responsible
7、Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Instructions for use 1 5 Marking 1 6 Design, construction and dimensions 2 7 Materials, workmanship and testing 2 Annex A (normative) Load test on the closet assembly 4 Annex B (normative) Impact tests on t
8、he seat and cover 4 Annex C (normative) Chemical resistance tests on container, bowl, seat and cover 4 Annex D (normative) Water absorption tests on the seat and cover 4 Annex E (normative) Staining test on the cover and seat 5 Annex F (normative) Test for the flushing mechanism 5 Annex G (normative
9、) Strength test for handles and fixings 5 Annex H (normative) Test for the durability and efficiency of the waste transfer pump 5 Annex I (normative) Saturation test for paper (basket method) 5 Figure I.1 Basket 6 Figure I.2 Glass vessel 6ii BSI 1998 BS 2081-2:1998 Foreword This part of BS 2081 has
10、been prepared by Subcommittee B/505/40, Wastewater treatment plants. It supersedes BS 2081-2:1981, which is withdrawn. Parts 1 and 2 of BS 2801 have been revised to reflect current practice in the provision and use of chemical closets. Part 1 deals specifically with portable chemical closets (i.e. c
11、losets which can be carried by one person without spillage when filled to their effective working capacity). Part 2 deals specifically with permanently installed closets (i.e. closets which require special tools to remove them from their installed position). In order to allow the use of new material
12、s and manufacturing methods in the future, this standard specifies performance requirements rather than precise materials and dimensions, except insofar as they are necessary for interchangeability. Part 3 is in preparation. It will be a code of practice relating to the safe use, handling and storag
13、e of the chemicals used in chemical closets, and in particular, will provide guidance on the safe disposal of wastes from chemical closets. Annexes A to I of this standard are normative. Aircraft applications are specialized and remain outside the scope of this standard. A British Standard does not
14、purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front c
15、over, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. BSI 1998 1 BS 2081-2:1998 1) Marking BS 2081-2:1998 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements
16、 of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is solely the claimants responsibility. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third-party certification of conformity. 1 Scope This standard specifies the performance requirements and test methods for permanently installed chemical closets. It cove
17、rs only those closets which may be permanently installed for the following applications: a) camping sites, caravan sites and marinas; b) caravans and motor caravans; c) small boats; d) remote facilities without access to other drainage. It does not cover closet installations in aircraft. 2 Normative
18、 references This following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For undated references, the l
19、atest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 2893:1989, Specification for chemical preparations for portable and transportable chemical closets. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of BS 2081, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 chemical closet sanitary appli
20、ance comprising integral or holding waste container, cover, seat, bowl and handle(s), designed to receive and contain human excreta to be treated by chemicals 3.2 permanently installed chemical closet chemical closet which cannot be removed without the use of tools and which may have a removable was
21、te container 3.3 effective waste capacity maximum capacity in litres which the waste container is designed to hold 3.4 treatment tank part of the closet in which excreta is chemically treated 3.5 manufacturer chemical closet manufacturer 3.6 excreta human body wastes 3.7 flushing closet closet with
22、a built-in pumped flushing facility which can be flushed from a position separate from the waste container 3.8 pumped chemical closet chemical closet utilizing a pump to extract waste from the bowl to the waste container 4 Instructions for use Closets shall be provided with instructions for use whic
23、h shall include: a) information regarding the chemicals to be used, including the dosage and the method and frequency of charging and emptying the waste container; b) information on the use, cleaning and maintenance of the closet; c) information on the precautions to be taken when handling chemical
24、preparations, including a warning that the mixing of incompatible chemicals may produce toxic results; d) advice and guidance relating to the safe disposal of closet wastes; e) comprehensive installation instructions. 5 Marking Chemical closets shall be permanently marked in a readily visible positi
25、on with the following information: a) the number of this British Standard 1) ; b) the manufacturers name or registered identification mark; c) the specified chemical(s) to be used; d) the words “for permanent installation”; e) the effective waste capacity in litres.2 BSI 1998 BS 2081-2:1998 6 Design
26、, construction and dimensions 6.1 General The closet shall be so designed and constructed that it shall be capable of containing the excreta and the chemical preparation specified by the manufacturer in accordance with BS 2893 and, without ventilation, limit the odour. When used and maintained in ac
27、cordance with the manufacturers instructions, the design and finish of the product shall present no risk of personal injury or damage to clothing. The total height above the base to the top face of the seat, excluding any cover, shall be not less than 300 mm and not more than 490 mm. 6.2 Waste conta
28、iner The waste container shall have an effective working capacity of not less than 15 l. The closet shall be so constructed that all solid and liquid excreta is directed into the waste container. Where a removable waste container is provided it shall be fitted with a means to facilitate handling wit
29、hout spillage. The design of the waste container shall be free from features, fittings or internal structures which obstruct cleansing. If it includes an inner or detachable container, this shall be easily removable. All working parts shall be removable for servicing. The waste container shall be fi
30、tted with an indicator to show when it is more than 75 % full by volume. The indicator shall be visible from a standing position in front of the unit and may either be fitted to the unit or remote from it. Provision shall be made for discharging and cleansing treatment tanks without dismantling or r
31、emoving the closet(s). Access doors and inspection covers shall be provided with a minimum dimension of 75 mm. These access doors shall be capable of being fitted with security locks. 6.3 Handles The waste container, whether a separate unit or part of the case of the appliance, shall be provided wit
32、h an attached carrying handle(s) by which the unit may be carried without risk of spillage of the contents. Handles shall be positioned so as not to be fouled by the contents of the container when the closet is being used or emptied. 6.4 Cover, seat and bowl The cover and the seat shall be hinged or
33、 attached in another way to the installed unit. The dimensions of the seat opening shall be not less than 235 mm and not more than 300 mm in length and not less than 180 mm and not more than 250 mm in width at the widest point. The dimensions of the bowl aperture shall be not less than those of the
34、seat opening. The distance from the top of the seat to the lower aperture of the bowl shall be not less than 175 mm. When the lower aperture of the bowl is operated by the weight of the excreta, this distance shall be not less than 160 mm. The internal diameter of the lower aperture of the bowl shal
35、l be not less than 70 mm. Pumped systems may have smaller lower apertures; the internal diameter of the aperture for pumped systems shall be not less than 38 mm. 6.5 Flushing mechanism 6.5.1 General The pump or bellow of the flushing mechanism shall be capable of wetting the whole area of the bowl b
36、elow the flush rim. When a flushing unit is specified it shall be one of the types described in 6.5.2 or 6.5.3. 6.5.2 Recirculating flush The closet shall be capable of being flushed with liquor from the treatment tank which shall contain the chemical specified by the manufacturer. The filter or str
37、ainer through which the contents of the treatment tank pass prior to recirculation shall be capable of being unblocked without having to be removed. 6.5.3 Non-recirculating flush The closet shall be capable of being flushed with liquor from a source separate from the treatment tank, into which the f
38、lushing material specified by the manufacturer shall be deposited. 6.6 Pumped chemical closets Pumped chemical closets shall utilize a waste transfer pump to extract excreta and flushing fluid from the bowl of the closet to the waste container. 7 Materials and workmanship 7.1 General requirements Al
39、l materials and finishes shall conform to the appropriate British Standards for those products. When tested in accordance with annexes A to H, the materials and finishes of the closet shall show no deterioration. 7.2 Physical requirements 7.2.1 Stability of the closet assembly When tested in accorda
40、nce with annex A, the deflection of the closet shall not exceed 20 mm at any position around the closet periphery. One hour after removal of the load the residual deflection shall not exceed 5 mm. The closet shall not have sustained any damage or deformation during the test and any mechanical parts
41、shall work freely after removal of the load. There shall be no leaks from the closet. BSI 1998 3 BS 2081-2:1998 7.2.2 Impact resistance of the cover, seat and bowl When tested in accordance with annex B, there shall be no damage to the seat cover or support surface. Each part shall continue to opera
42、te as intended after completion of the test. 7.3 Chemical resistance requirements 7.3.1 General All materials with which excreta and/or the chemical specified by the manufacturer come into contact shall be capable of withstanding the expected corrosive action. 7.3.2 Chemical resistance of the bowl a
43、nd container When tested in accordance with C.1.1 and C.1.2, there shall be no physical deterioration of the container tank and bowl. There shall be no staining of the tank and bowl but internal staining or bleaching of the container tank is permissible. 7.3.3 Chemical resistance of the cover and se
44、at When tested in accordance with C.1.3, there shall be no physical deterioration or staining of the seat and cover. 7.3.4 Resistance to water absorption of the cover and seat When tested in accordance with annex D, the percentage increase in weight shall be no greater than 0.75. There shall be no c
45、hanges in dimensions and surface characteristics of either the seat or cover. 7.3.5 Stain transfer from the cover and seat When tested in accordance with annex E, no transfer of colour pigment from the seat or cover to the white cloth shall occur. 7.4 Mechanical requirements 7.4.1 Efficiency and dur
46、ability of the flushing mechanism When tested in accordance with annex F, the variation in the flushing volume collected shall be less than 10 % over the range of samples collected. There shall be no obvious loosening or tightening of the flushing mechanism after the completion of the test. The pump
47、 or bellow shall continue to wet the whole area of the bowl below the flush rim on completion of the test. 7.4.2 Strength of the handles and fixings When tested in accordance with annex G, there shall be no failure of a handle and after the test, when the container has been emptied, there shall be n
48、o permanent distortion of the assembly. 7.4.3 Efficiency and durability of the waste transfer pump When tested in accordance with annex H, the waste transfer pump shall perform the specified number of operations without failure and shall clear the contents of the waste container at each cycle, showi
49、ng no signs of deterioration, loss of efficiency or blockage.BS 2081-2:1998 4 BSI 1998 Annex A (normative) Load test on the closet assembly A.1 Test conditions Carry out the test at a temperature of 208C 58C. A.2 Apparatus A.2.1 Plywood board, of minimum thickness 25 mm. A.3 Procedure Place the closet upon a firm, flat, horizontal surface with the seat in the closed position and the cover in the raised position. Place the plywood board on the seat so as to cover the seat ring completely without it being in contact with any other part of the closet. Measure the distanc
