1、BRITISH STANDARD BS2889:1967 Method for the determination of trashcontent of cotton and for trash and lint content of waste intended for spinning, by the Shirley AnalyserBS2889:1967 This British Standard, having been approved by the Textile Divisional Council, was publishedunder the authorityofthe G
2、eneral Councilon 29 December1967 BSI 12-1999 First published August1957 First revision December1967 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference T/-/8 Draft for comment67/3646 ISBN 0 580 34002 3 Co-operating organizations The Textile Divisional Council, under
3、 whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations: British Railways Board Consumer Council Cotton Industry Standards Committee Jute Industry Standards Committee Linen Industry Standa
4、rds Committee London Transport Board Man-made Fibres Industry Standards Committee Ministry of Defence Ropes and Cordage Industry Standards Committee Silk Industry Standards Committee Society of Dyers and Colourists* Textile Institute* Textile Machinery Industry Standards Committee Trades Union Congr
5、ess Wool Industry Standards Committee The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: British Jute Trade Research Association British Man-made Fibres Federati
6、on Committee of Directors of Textile Research Associations Commonwealth Joint Services Committee (Clothing and General Stores) Cotton, Silk and Man-made Fibres Research Association Hosiery and Allied Trades Research Association International Federation of Cotton and Allied Textile Industries Linen I
7、ndustry Research Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS2889:1967 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Principle 1 3 Apparatus 1 4 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 1 5 Test specimen 1 6 Test procedure 1
8、7 Calculation and expression of results 2 8 Report 2 Appendix A Notes on the use of the Shirley Analyser 3BS2889:1967 ii BSI 12-1999 Foreword This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS1051, Terms relating to the conditioning of textiles and method for the determination of c
9、orrect invoice weight. BS1425, Cleanliness of fillings and stuffings for bedding upholstery, toys and other domestic articles. This British Standard has been published by arrangement between the Textile Institute and the British Standards Institution. It was originally based on Tentative Textile Sta
10、ndard No.35 which appeared in the Journal of the Textile Institute for January1956. In the present revision all dimensions have been converted to metric units, but the values in imperial units are included where apparatus may be calibrated in such units. Some of the settings in Appendix A have been
11、amended in accordance with current practice. The trash content of raw cotton is of importance to the spinner on account of the detrimental effect on yarn quality of any particles which survive the opening, carding and combing processes and the reduced yield of yarn which occurs with increasing trash
12、 content. Excessive trash often indicates unsatisfactory growing conditions and poor fibre quality. The lint and trash contents of wastes extracted in cotton-spinning machinery are of importance since excessive loss of useful fibre increases costs. In preparing this standard the requirements of spin
13、ners have been kept in mind; they are mainly interested in the longer staple lengths contained in the wastes. The Shirley Analyser is a machine for separating the trash from the lint by making use of their different buoyancies in air. It has been found in practice that absolute separation cannot be
14、achieved in one passage through the machine; some particles of trash always remain with the lint, and some lint falls into the trash tray; the completeness of the separation varies according to the origin of the cotton or the type of the waste. The procedure specified has been devised to attain as c
15、omplete a separation as practicable with materials of the type normally encountered in cotton spinning. It is possible with the Shirley Analyser to determine on the test specimen the percentages of lint, trash and cage loss; the last is the difference between the original weight of specimen and the
16、sum of the lint and trash. A further quantity is sometimes used, the non-lint: this is the sum of the trash and cage loss percentages. For characterizing the quality of cotton, a choice must be made from lint, trash and non-lint. Experience has shown that the trash content is the most suitable value
17、. The cage loss, while exhibiting some variation with the quality of cotton, is liable to considerable uncontrolled variation due to moisture and is therefore unreliable as an indication of quality. The percentage lint content exhibits the same uncontrolled variation as the cage loss, but in the rev
18、erse direction. The reasons for specifying this method and not one of the shorter methods, which are considered unsuitable for standardization, were outlined in a paper (J. Text. Inst.,1956,47, P24). For characterizing the quality of waste, the lint content is commonly used, and for this reason this
19、 standard covers the determination of lint as well as trash in the testing of wastes.BS2889:1967 BSI 12-1999 iii A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Brit
20、ish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi to iv, pages1to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incor
21、porated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS2889:1967 BSI 12-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies the method of determining1) the trash percentages of material such as raw cotton, laps, slivers, flat strips, cylinder strips and comber waste, a
22、nd2) the lint and trash percentages of wastes such as opener droppings and card taker-in droppings, by means of the Shirley Analyser. It is primarily intended for the use of the spinner. A method of use of the same apparatus intended for the filling and stuffing trade is described in Appendix F of B
23、S1425. 1) 2 Principle Specimens are weighed out from the sample to be tested and are separated by means of the analyser into trash and lint fractions. In most instances there is also a loss of dust to the atmosphere, and possibly some change in moisture content. In testing cotton, the trash fraction
24、 is weighed and expressed as a percentage of the original weight of cotton. In testing wastes, both trash and lint fractions are weighed and expressed as percentages of the original weight of the specimen. 3 Apparatus 3.1 Balance for specimen. This requires a scale pan capable of holding100g of cott
25、on. A container of180mm diameter, with a height of150mm has been found suitable for this purpose. The balance shall be capable of weighing100g to the nearest0.1g. When wastes are tested, this balance is also used for weighing the trash and the lint, subject to the provisions of6.2.6 and6.2.8. 3.2 Ba
26、lance for small quantities of trash. This shall be capable of weighing50g to the nearest0.01g. A simple analytical balance with chainomatic attachment has been found very suitable. 3.3 Shirley Analyser. The speeds and settings of the machine shall be as stated in Appendix A. 4 Conditioning and testi
27、ng atmosphere The conditioning and testing atmosphere shall be the standard atmosphere for testing textiles, as defined in BS1051 2) , i.e.a relative humidity of65 2% and a temperature of20 2 C. 5 Test specimen 5.1 Before weighting out the test specimen expose the sample to the standard atmosphere f
28、or testing for a period of4h. A shorter time for conditioning may be employed if it can be shown that the weight of the specimen to be tested does not change progressively by more than0.25% between successive weighings at intervals of1h. 5.2 Extract the sample to be tested from the bales or other pa
29、ckages in accordance with the appropriate sampling scheme (see5.3). Assemble a test specimen weighing100g from the various parts of the sample so that this is properly represented. Avoid unnecessary subdivision; there is little to be gained, for example, in subdividing a sample which has been drawn
30、from only one point in a bale. Waste which has been withdrawn from opening or carding machines is seldom homogeneous and in such cases a suitable mixing and sampling scheme should be employed. During the handling of the sample, precautions should be taken to avoid the loss of loose heavy material su
31、ch as sand. 5.3 The number of specimens to be tested, together with the sampling scheme, will normally be prescribed in the material specification, or will be agreed between the parties to the test. In the absence of any such requirement test two specimens, in which case it may be expected that diff
32、erences of less than20% between the measured average percentage trash contents of two raw cotton samples are not statistically significant. 6 Test procedure 6.1 Testing atmosphere. Carry out the test in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles (seeClause4). 6.2 Detailed description of the test 6
33、.2.1 Sweep clean the delivery box, trash tray and settling chamber. If the machine has not previously been in operation during the day, start the motor and run the machine for2min or3min with the clutch disengaged and the feed roller inoperative. 1) BS1425, “Cleanliness of fillings and stuffings for
34、 bedding upholstery, toys and other domestic articles”, Supplement No. 1 (1966). 2) BS1051, “Terms relating to the conditioning of textiles and method for the determination of correct invoice weight”.BS2889:1967 2 BSI 12-1999 6.2.2 Spread the specimen uniformly to cover the whole area between the gu
35、ides on the feed plate, teasing out hard lumps where necessary. When making tests on slivers, short lengths should be spread on the feed plate perpendicular to the feed roller. Open the valve to its fullest extent, engage the clutch and observe the character of the trash as it begins to fall into th
36、e tray. Only small amounts of unopened lint should be falling with the trash in this first passage and, for hard cotton, it may occasionally be necessary to tighten the loading springs on the feed rollers. When all the specimen has passed under the feed roller, as indicated by the absence of fibres
37、under the streamer plate, disengage the clutch and close the valve momentarily to allow the lint to be collected from the delivery box. 6.2.3 Without disturbing the trash in the tray, pass the lint through the analyser a second time. At the conclusion of this passage, remove and place aside the lint
38、 from the delivery box. 6.2.4 Next, remove all lint-bearing trash from the settling chamber and trash tray, spread it over a small central area of the feed plate, and pass it through the analyser. Collect the lint extracted from this trash from the delivery box. 6.2.5 Without disturbing the trash in
39、 the tray, pass the small lint fraction just collected from the delivery box through the machine again. At the conclusion of this passage, remove and place aside the lint from the delivery box. 6.2.6 Collect the trash from the trash tray and the sides of the settling chamber, and any seeds which hav
40、e lodged between the teeth of the taker-in, and weigh it to the nearest0.01g, if less than10g; otherwise weigh it to0.1g. 6.2.7 Finally pass the lint-bearing portion of this trash once more through the analyser. At the conclusion of this passage, discard the contents of the trash tray and, after wei
41、ghing the small residual quantity of lint in the delivery box to the nearest0.01g, place it aside. 6.2.8 If required, combine together and weigh to an accuracy of0.1g the three portions of lint extracted from the settling chamber in accordance with6.2.3, 6.2.5 and6.2.7. 7 Calculation and expression
42、of results 7.1 In order to obtain the final weight of trash, subtract the weight of residual lint found in accordance with6.2.7 from the weight of trash found in accordance with6.2.6. Express the final weight of trash as a percentage of the weight of the original specimen, normally100g. 7.2 Express
43、the final weight of lint as determined in6.2.8 as a percentage of the weight of the original specimen, normally100g. 8 Report The report shall state that the tests were performed in accordance with this British Standard and the following information shall be given: 1) The nature and description of t
44、he material. 2) The number of test specimens per sample. 3) For each sample: the average percentage weight of trash. 4) For samples of waste: the average percentage weight of lint.BS2889:1967 BSI 12-1999 3 Appendix A Notes on the use of the Shirley Analyser In accordance with the instructions of the
45、 designers, the speeds and settings of the Shirley Analyser shall be as follows: Speeds: Taker-in cylinder 900rev/min Feed roller 0.9rev/min Cage 80rev/min Fan 1500rev/min Motor 1400rev/min approx. Settings: Feed plate to taker-in 0.1mm 4 / 1000 in Streamer plate (lead-in edge) to taker-in 0.15mm 5
46、/ 1000 in Streamer plate (lead-off edge) to taker-in 0.2mm 7 / 1000 in Stripping knife (bottom edge) to taker-in 0.1mm 4 / 1000 in Stripping knife (bottom edge) to cage 8.0mm 5 / 16 in Taker-in to cage 5.06.0mm 13 / 64in 15 / 64 in Separation sheet (top edge) to cage 6.0mm 1 / 4 in Delivery to cage
47、1.5mm 1 / 16 in Feed plate: Although a feed plate specially designed for staples above32mm(1: in) is available, its sole use is to minimize fibre breakage on long-staple cotton in case further tests are to be made on the lint fraction; the results of the analyser test itself are not affected by its
48、use. For the purposes of this British Standard the more usual feed plate having a flat striking face of28.5mm(1A in) should be employed. Fan exhaust: Keep the filter bag clean to avoid back pressure.4 blankBS2889:1967 BSI 12-1999 British Standards The following are available on application: YEARBOOK
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