1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3046:1981 Specification for Adhesives for hanging flexible wallcoverings UDC 665.93:698.16BS3046:1981 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Adhesives Standards Committee was published under the authority ofthe Executive Board and comesinto effect o
2、n 30November1981 BSI 07-1999 First published November 1958 First revised November 1981 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ADC/5 Draft for comment 79/53685 ISBN 0 580 11680 8 Cooperating organizations The Adhesives Standards Committee, under whose di
3、rection this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following: Association of British Plywood and Veneer Manufacturers British Adhesive Manufacturers Association* British Bag Federation British Furniture Manufacturers Federated Associations British Plastics Federation Br
4、itish Woodworking Federation Department of the Environment Building Research Establishment Department of the Environment Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory Department of Trade Federation of Gelatine and Glue Manufacturers Limited* Ministry of Defence Royal Institute of Br
5、itish Architects Society of Chemical Industry Wallcoverings Manufacturers Association of GreatBritain Ltd.* The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the Technical Committee entrusted with the preparation of this British St
6、andard: British Association Wallcovering Merchants British Decorators Association Builders Merchants Federation Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI National Association of Wholesale Paint Merchants Wallpaper Paint and Wallcovering Retailers Association Amendments issued since publication Am
7、d. No. Date of issue CommentsBS3046:1981 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 References 1 3 Definition 1 4 Labelling 1 5 Harmful effects 1 6 Storage 1 7 Preparation 2 8 Pot life 2 9 Coverage 2 10 Open time 2 11 Slip 2 12 Wet adhesion 2 13
8、Marking 2 14 Tarnishing 2 15 Mould resistance 2 16 Dry adhesion 2 Appendix A Pot life test 3 Appendix B Determination of open time 3 Appendix C Determination of slip 4 Appendix D Wet adhesion test 5 Appendix E Marking test 7 Appendix F Tarnishing test 10 Appendix G Test of susceptibility to mould gr
9、owth 12 Appendix H Dry adhesion test 13 Figure 1 Determination of open time 4 Figure 2 Determination of slip 6 Figure 3 Determination of wet adhesion 7 Figure 4 Determination of marking 9 Figure 5 Arrangement of typical viewing cabinet 10 Figure 6 Determination of tarnishing 11 Figure 7 Determinatio
10、n of dry adhesion 14 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS3046:1981 ii BSI 07-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Adhesives Standards Committee by a Technical Committee of representatives of adhesive manufacturers, and manufacturers and users of wa
11、llcoverings. This standard supersedes BS 3046:1958 which is therefore now withdrawn. Work on this standard was instigated by the committee classifying building adhesives in general. It recognizes that the performance requirements for adhesives intended for flexible wallcoverings supplied in roll for
12、m for application to walls or ceilings are different from those for adhesives for rigid panels, etc. The revision recognizes the increasing diversity of types of wallcoverings and ceiling coverings and the use of bases other than paper. Therefore, five types of adhesive are specified in this standar
13、d to enable satisfactory performance to be obtained with a wide range of wallcoverings. As far as possible, the requirements of the materials are specified in terms of performance tests. This division into types will enable wallcovering and ceiling covering manufacturers to make recommendations on t
14、he appropriate type or types of adhesive, thus giving more precise guidance to users than hitherto was the case. In order to obtain reproducible results, most of the tests are based on the use of standardized wallpaper test base. It is appreciated that the marking and tarnishing tests are subjective
15、, but attempts to find a more objective approach have not been successful. It is hoped that work will continue to develop a less subjective approach which could be included in this standard by amendment or revision. WARNING NOTE. The test methods in this British Standard do not necessarily detail al
16、l the precautions necessary to meet the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work etc.Act 1974. Attention should be paid to any appropriate safety precautions and the methods should be operated only by trained personnel. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
17、 of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 14, an insi
18、de back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS3046:1981 BSI 07-1999 1 1 Scope 1.1 This British Standard specifies the requirements for adhesives s
19、uitable for hanging flexible wallcoverings and ceiling coverings supplied in roll form, having a total grammage(seeBS3432) below500g/m 2 . Five types of adhesive are specified to enable the wallcovering manufacturer or other user to recommend the preferred type or types for a given wallcovering. Typ
20、e 1. For use as a low solids adhesive with easy slip showing very low marking and very low tarnishing; especially suitable for light grammage wallcoverings. Type 2. Normally used as a medium solids adhesive, showing low marking and low tarnishing; suitable for wallcoverings of all grammages and also
21、 for previous, washable wallcoverings. Type 3. Adhesive with good wet adhesion, particularly suitable for wallcoverings of heavy grammages and also for previous, washable wallcoverings. Type 4. Adhesive containing fungicide to inhibit mould growth (mouldresistant), suitable for impervious wallcoveri
22、ngs of all grammages. Type 5. High wet adhesion, high dry strength adhesive, containing fungicide to inhibit mould growth (mould resistant), suitable for most impervious wallcoverings or special applications, often ready-mixed. 1.2 This standard is applicable to adhesives supplied either in powder f
23、orm or ready-mixed. The prepared adhesive(seeclause7) may be applied by the decorator either to the wallcovering or to the wall or ceiling surface, according to instructions supplied by the manufacturer of the wallcovering. NOTE 1Certain requirements of this standard may also be applicable to ready-
24、pasted wallcoverings. NOTE 2Although the inclusion of a fungicide in types 4 and 5 adhesives is mandatory, it may also be included in adhesives of types 1, 2 and 3. 2 References The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 3 Definition For the purp
25、oses of this British Standard, the following definition applies. 3.1 prepared adhesive the adhesive prepared for use in accordance with the adhesive manufacturers instructions 4 Labelling Each package of adhesive as sold shall be marked with the following information. a) The name of the manufacturer
26、 or distributor. b) The number of this British Standard, i.e.BS3046 1) . c) The type designation of the adhesive, e.g.type1. d) If the adhesive is mould resistant (seeclause15), e.g.type4ortype5, the words “mould resistant”. e) If the material contains any toxic or harmful ingredients, an appropriat
27、e cautionary note on the label. f) Instructions for the preparation, coverage and use of the adhesive. 5 Harmful effects The material shall have no harmful effects when used according to the adhesive manufacturers instructions. If preservatives are used in the manufacture of the adhesive, these shal
28、l be of minimum toxicity. 6 Storage Three unopened packages shall be stored, one at each of the following test conditions: a) 3 2 C and a relative humidity oflessthan50% for12months; b) 23 1 C and a relative humidity of502% for12months; c) 40 1 C and a relative humidity of882% for1month. After stori
29、ng, the prepared adhesive from each package shall comply with the requirements ofclause5 andclauses7 to16. 1) Marking BS 3046 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such
30、 a claim is therefore solely the manufacturers responsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification to support such claims should be addressed to the Director, British Standards Institution, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 4SQ in the case of certification marks a
31、dministered by BSI or to the appropriate authority for other certification marks.BS3046:1981 2 BSI 07-1999 7 Preparation 7.1 Powder. When the adhesive is prepared in accordance with the adhesive manufacturers instructions, it shall mix readily and produce a paste free from lumps. 7.2 Ready-mixed. Th
32、e adhesive shall be a paste, free from lumps and capable of being diluted readily if water is added as recommended. 7.3 Prepared adhesive. The prepared adhesive shall not vary substantially in consistency if slightly more or less than the recommended proportion of water is incorporated. 8 Pot life W
33、hen the prepared adhesive is tested in the manner described inAppendix A it shall show no spoilage within seven days. 9 Coverage When the prepared adhesive is applied according to the adhesive manufacturers instructions and using the wallcovering stated on the package and normal pasting techniques,
34、the area of coverage as given on the package shall be readily achieved. 10 Open time When the prepared adhesive is tested in the manner described inAppendix B, on all three test strips the fold of the paper shall be easily and completely separated after the times specified below, with an overall con
35、tinuous layer of adhesive remaining on the pasted side of each of the test strips: 11 Slip When the prepared adhesive is tested in the manner described inAppendix C, the average reading shall be less than the following: 12 Wet adhesion When the prepared adhesive is tested in the manner described inA
36、ppendix D, with the distance BB selected according to the type of adhesive as follows, all three test strips shall show not morethan5mm movement of the line of separation within30s. 13 Marking When the prepared adhesive of either type 1 or type2 is tested in the manner described in Appendix E, no te
37、st strip shall show any worse marking than the appropriate standardized adhesive paste. 14 Tarnishing When the prepared adhesive of either type 1 or type2 is tested in the manner describedin Appendix F, no test strip shall show any worse tarnishing than the appropriate standardized adhesive paste. 1
38、5 Mould resistance The prepared adhesive of either type 4 or type 5 (or any other adhesive claimed to be mould resistant), when tested in the manner described in Appendix G, shall not show greater mould growth than the standardized adhesive. 16 Dry adhesion When the prepared adhesive is tested in th
39、e manner describedinAppendix H, none of the test strips shall be removable without causing paper delamination or tearing. Type 1 15 min Type 2 25 min Type 3 25 min Type 4 25 min Type 5 15 min Type 1 150 g Type 2 250 g Type 3 300 g Type 4 300 g Type 5 600 g Type 1 150 mm Type 2 200 mm Type 3 250 mm T
40、ype 4 250 mm Type 5 350 mmBS3046:1981 BSI 07-1999 3 Appendix A Pot life test A.1 Apparatus A.1.1 Petri dish, 94mm diameter, sterilized before use. A.1.2 Incubator, capable of being maintained at a temperatureof30 2 C. A.2 Procedure. Under sterile conditions, prepare the adhesive according to the adh
41、esive manufacturers instructions using, if additional water is required, sterile water, and transfer20g to the Petri dish. Cover the Petri dish and place it in the incubator. Remove the Petri dish from the incubator after seven days and inspect the paste for spoilage (putrefaction, liquefaction or m
42、ould growth). Appendix B Determination of open time B.1 Apparatus and materials B.1.1 Standardized wallpaper test base, 90g/m 2paper made from a wood pulp mixture of approximately70% mechanical pulp with30% unbleached sulphite pulp and/or semi-bleached sulphate pulp. The paper shall be made to be as
43、 non-curling as possible so that when an aqueous wallpaper ground-colour is applied to one side and subsequently a wallcovering adhesive is applied to the other side, the paper remains flat until the adhesive has dried. The paper shall be rosin/alum sized and selected to have1minCobb absorbency of15
44、g/m 2to 20g/m 2measured on the wire side as described inBS2644. The paper shall be selected to have a bulk value of1.7to1.9 measured as described inBS3983, and a wire side Bendtsen roughness of700ml/minto900ml/min measured as described inBS4420. B.1.2 Suitable applicator, to give an even coating, fo
45、r example a wire-wound rod applicator 2) , and capable of giving the coverage recommended by the adhesive manufacturer. B.1.3 Wallpaper smoothing brush B.1.4 Sharp wallpaper shears B.1.5 Timing device B.2 Procedure. Before commencing the test, condition the standardized wallpaper test base according
46、 to the method describedinBS3431. Carry out the test at23 1 C and502%r.h. Prepare the adhesive according to the adhesive manufacturers instructions using the minimum recommended concentration for hanging wallcoverings. Cut three test strips of the standardized wallpaper test base, each125mm 800mm. T
47、ake one of these test strips and apply the adhesive evenly to atleast700mm of the wire side using the applicator to give a coating mass corresponding to the maximum area coverage as recommended by the adhesive manufacturer seeFigure 1(a). Lay the test strip flat and immediately fold it short edge to
48、 short edge, paste to paste, making sure the edges coincide. Smooth down with the smoothing brush to eliminate air bubbles, ensuring overall contact, holding the test strip only by the short edges. Lay the folded test strip on a non-absorbent surface for the appropriate time specified inclause10. Cu
49、t and discard150mm from the end away from the fold seeFigure 1(b) and immediately carefully attempt to separate the remaining fold. Note whether the fold separates easily and completely with an overall continuous layer of adhesive remaining on the pasted side of the strip. Repeat the procedure on the remaining two test strips. 2) For information as to a source of supply, apply to the Central Enquiries Section, British Standards Institution, enclosing a stamped addressed envelope.BS3046:1981 4 BSI 07-1999 Appendix C Determination
